scholarly journals Watermelon selection: results and prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Bocherova ◽  
◽  
S.V. Malueva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
New Variety ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

The main direction of selective work in melon breeding is the creation of varieties with high productivity potential. The purpose of the research was to create a new variety of watermelon ‘Malachite’ and accession 705 that are resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors and possess a set of economically useful traits. The results of twoyear research showed that in 2018, the variety ‘Malachite’ exceeded ‘Sinchevsky’ (standard) by 4.4 t/ha in yield; in 2019, the yield of ‘Malachite’ was 3 t/ha less than that of the standard one. During the two years, accession 705 exceeded standard one by 6.6 t/ha and 1 t/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals Economic and biological characteristics of the spring bread wheat varieties developed in the Voronezh FASC named after V. V. Dokuchaev

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
E. I. Malokostova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Productivity Potential

The current paper has discussed information on the characteristics and properties of the zoned spring bread wheat varieties developed in the Federal Agricultural Scientific Centre named after V.V. Dokuchaev. The purpose of the study was to develop new spring bread wheat varieties with high productivity and grain quality, resistant to unfavorable biotic and abiotic environmental factors and adapted to the conditions of the Central Blackearth Region. In the FASC named after V.V. Dokuchaev there were developed such highly productive spring bread wheat varieties as ‘Krestyanka’, ‘Kurskaya 2038’, ‘Voronezhskaya 12’, ‘Chernozemnouralskaya 2’ and ‘Voronezhskaya 18’, which are currently approved for use in production. There were analyzed the study results of productivity, grain quality and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors in different growing periods of the varieties. There was found an unambiguous productivity excess of the developed varieties over the standard ones. The endurance of the presented varieties in unfavorable conditions indicates an increase in the stability of the main traits that characterize productivity, resistance to drought, diseases, and lodging. There has been established, that in terms of grain quality the varieties ‘Krestyanka’ and ‘Chernozemnouralskaya 2’ belong to strong wheat with potential productivity of 7.20 and 6.65 t/ha, respectively. The varieties ‘Kurskaya 2038’, ‘Voronezhskaya 12’ and ‘Voronezhskaya 18’ are valuable wheat varieties with realized productivity potential of 5.31, 5.70 and 6.96 t/ha, respectively. There has been identified that the varieties ‘Chernozemnouralskaya 2’ and ‘Voronezhskaya 18’ are recommended to sow with a seeding rate of 6.0 million germinating grains per hectare for the rapid seed reproduction and obtaining high gross grain yield, since productivity, yield of conditioned seeds, germination and 1000-grain weight at this rate was the best. The sowing dates of these varieties were early.

Weather changes monitoring and their influence on the cherry (Cerasus vulgaris Mill.) valuable breeding genetic fund productivity in the Lisosteppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
D.G. Makarova ◽  
◽  
V.I. Vasylenko ◽  
A.I. Trokhymchuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Entire Study Period ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

The authors have researched the weather peculiarities of the years 2017-2019 and their influence on the formation and realization of the productivity potential of the valuable industrial inland and foreign cherry cultivars. According to the research results the unfavorable weather phenomena, including long air and soil droughts, late spring frosts, dry winds et. became more frequent considerably in the Ukraine’s Lisosteppe during the periods of flowering and infructescense. The cherry trees ability to fructify sufficienly under a number of unfavourable environmental factors effects substantially this crop economic efficiency on the whole. The investigations have revealed the essential cv impact on the amount and quality of the cherry fruits. The explored crop certain varieties plants in the collection of the genetic fund of the Institute of Horticulture (IH) of NAAS of Ukraine are characterized with the constant infructescense during the entire study period. The following collection samples distinguished themselves (in the order of the improvement of the trait display): North Star’ < ‘Igrushka’ < ‘Favourite’ < ‘Meteor’ < ‘Malva’ < ‘Boguslavka’. The trees of the two latest cultivars (IH NAAS) formed very large fruits irrespective of the abiotic environmental factors influence. ‘Boguslavka’. Middle – ripening. Tree is middle – growing, the crown thick, orbicular, a little droop. Resistant to fungal diseases. Winter – hardy practically by all the components. Yield is high (t/ha under the planting plan 6x2,5 m on the seedling rootstock wild sweet cherry). The fruits are very large (7.6 g), dark red, oval, the separation from the fruit stem is dry. The stone is of more than middle size, the separation from the flesh easy. The consumption term is the first decade of July. The usage is universal. ‘Malva’. Middle – late ripening. The crown is branchy. Resistant to fungal diseases. Winter – hardy. The yield is up to 15 t/ha. The fruits are of more than middle size (4.2 g), dark red, the separation from the fruit stem is dry. The flesh is dark red, juicy. The stone is small (0.16 g). The taste qualities are as/follows: sour-sweet, the skin is astringe. The degustation evaluation is 7.7 points. The consumption term is the first decade of July.

scholarly journals Improving the adaptability of apricot to abiotic environmental factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Anatolij N. Minin ◽  
Galina K. Markovskaya ◽  
Elena H. Nechaeva ◽  
Yuliya V. Stepanova ◽  
Nikolaj N. Hohlov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
State Testing ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

As a result of many years of breeding work on interspecific and intersortial hybridization in the Samara region, 9 apricot varieties were created and submitted for state testing, of which 4 varieties were entered into the state register of the Russian Federation. In the organic dormancy phase, apricot trees of these hybrids have high frost resistance of wood and flowering buds. Favorable microzones for apricot cultivation were determined, the productivity of varieties was studied, and the fruit quality was assessed. Of the 8 years of observing apricot, six years were fruitful. Two years of harvest was absent due to freezing of flower buds from the onset of frost after prolonged thaws. Samarskij (32.2 kg from a tree), Vnuchok (43.4 kg) and Elita No. 1 (24.9 kg) sorts have high productivity. Ripening dates, weight and taste of apricot fruits depend on the variety, air temperature and the amount of precipitation. Large fruits are possessed by new varieties Avdeevskij, Andryushka, Andryushka, Bojcovyj, Seyanec Voenkomovskij. The best tastes were of the varieties Andryushka, Bojcovyj, Seyanec Voenkomovskij, Trofej (tasting score 4.5 points).

Creation and evaluation of new varieties and populations of alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Meremyanina I. A. ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kenyz V.V.
Keyword(s):  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
The Creation

The article is based on the creation and evaluation of new varieties and complex hybrid populations of alfalfa with economically valuable traits and properties.Varieties with high productivity of green mass and seeds have been created and studied.

scholarly journals Impact of Environmental Factors on Stilbene Biosynthesis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Alessio Valletta ◽  
Lorenzo Maria Iozia ◽  
Francesca Leonelli
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Stilbene Compounds ◽  
Stilbene Biosynthesis ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

Stilbenes are a small family of polyphenolic secondary metabolites that can be found in several distantly related plant species. These compounds act as phytoalexins, playing a crucial role in plant defense against phytopathogens, as well as being involved in the adaptation of plants to abiotic environmental factors. Among stilbenes, trans-resveratrol is certainly the most popular and extensively studied for its health properties. In recent years, an increasing number of stilbene compounds were subjected to investigations concerning their bioactivity. This review presents the most updated knowledge of the stilbene biosynthetic pathway, also focusing on the role of several environmental factors in eliciting stilbenes biosynthesis. The effects of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, ultrasonication, mechanical stress, salt stress, drought, temperature, ozone, and biotic stress are reviewed in the context of enhancing stilbene biosynthesis, both in planta and in plant cell and organ cultures. This knowledge may shed some light on stilbene biological roles and represents a useful tool to increase the accumulation of these valuable compounds.

scholarly journals Longitudinal zonation of larval Hydropsyche (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae): abiotic environmental factors and biotic interactions behind the downstream sequence of Central European species

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Ficsór ◽  
Zoltán Csabai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Species ◽  
Longitudinal Gradients ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Behavioural Aspects ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

AbstractThe aim of this review is to summarize the literature knowledge about how abiotic environmental factors and biotic interactions affect the sequentially overlapping longitudinal distribution of Central European species of the net-spinning freshwater caddisfly larvae of the genus Hydropsyche (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). In this relation, several physical and chemical parameters of water are discussed, as well as different species-specific traits, behavioural aspects and the interaction of coexisting species. Longitudinal gradients of river networks, especially annual temperature range, flow velocity and the particle size of suspended food material play a crucial role in forming the downstream succession of characteristic species, while increased levels of organic pollution, nutrients, salinity and heavy metals facilitates the presence of more tolerant ones. Several species-specific traits, such as respiration range, net-building frequency, head capsule size or optimal net-building velocity correlate with the position of a given species in the sequence. Coexistence of species with similar ecological demands in the overlapping zones of distribution is facilitated by differences in feeding and net-building habits, microhabitat preferences and staggering life cycles, but complicated at the same time by means of inter- and intraspecific territorial behaviour, such as fighting for the ownership of larval retreats or the practice of stridulation.

scholarly journals STAGES OF THE SELECTION BY CREATING A VARIETY OF WATERMELON "MALAKHIT"

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
S. V. Malueva ◽  
E. A. Varivoda ◽  
I. N. Bocherova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

The main direction of breeding in melon farming is the creation of varieties with high potential for productivity. The research was conducted at the Bykovskaya experimental station in the Volgograd region. The aim of the research was to create a new competitive watermelon variety malachite, which has a complex of useful and economic characteristics, resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The characteristic of the initial forms used for hybridization is given. The data of evaluation of the hybrid combination in all stages of the breeding process. According to the results of the 3-year competitive variety testing, the excess of the yield of watermelon malachite over the Sinchevsky standard averaged 1.5 t/ha. The dry matter content for all years of research was at the level of the standard and ranged from 11.4 to 12.4%. The final result of breeding work is the creation of mediumgrade watermelon malachite, which is in the state variety testing.

scholarly journals Komposisi Jenis Udang Air Tawar di Sungai Batambean, Pulau Labobo, Banggai Laut, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puji Rahayu ◽  
Annawaty Annawaty
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Freshwater Shrimp ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Freshwater Shrimps ◽  
The Family ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

Labobo isle is one of the satellite isle located around the mainland of Sulawesi Island. This study aims to determine the species composition of freshwater shrimp in the Batambean Stream located on Labobo Island, Banggai Laut, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. A purposive sampling method based on the habitat of freshwater shrimps was applied to collect the shrimps. Measurement of abiotic environmental factors is carried out before samples collection. Furthermore, freshwater shrimp are collected using tray net and hand net. Collected specimens were preserved in alcohol 96%. The specimen wasidentified at the Laboratory of Animal Biosystematics and Evolution, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tadulako University. The composition of freshwater shrimp species in the Batambean Stream consists of four species, namely Macrobrachium equidens, M. australe, and M. latidactylus and Caridina gracilipes. The first three species belong to the family Palaemonidae while the latter species is a member of the family Atyidae. The brief description and conservation status of each species  were also provided

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