scholarly journals Improving the adaptability of apricot to abiotic environmental factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Anatolij N. Minin ◽  
Galina K. Markovskaya ◽  
Elena H. Nechaeva ◽  
Yuliya V. Stepanova ◽  
Nikolaj N. Hohlov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
State Testing ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

As a result of many years of breeding work on interspecific and intersortial hybridization in the Samara region, 9 apricot varieties were created and submitted for state testing, of which 4 varieties were entered into the state register of the Russian Federation. In the organic dormancy phase, apricot trees of these hybrids have high frost resistance of wood and flowering buds. Favorable microzones for apricot cultivation were determined, the productivity of varieties was studied, and the fruit quality was assessed. Of the 8 years of observing apricot, six years were fruitful. Two years of harvest was absent due to freezing of flower buds from the onset of frost after prolonged thaws. Samarskij (32.2 kg from a tree), Vnuchok (43.4 kg) and Elita No. 1 (24.9 kg) sorts have high productivity. Ripening dates, weight and taste of apricot fruits depend on the variety, air temperature and the amount of precipitation. Large fruits are possessed by new varieties Avdeevskij, Andryushka, Andryushka, Bojcovyj, Seyanec Voenkomovskij. The best tastes were of the varieties Andryushka, Bojcovyj, Seyanec Voenkomovskij, Trofej (tasting score 4.5 points).

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals ВИСОКОАДАПТИВНИЙ СОРТ СОЇ АКВАМАРИН

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Л. Г. Білявська ◽  
Ю. П. Васецький ◽  
О. В. Пилипенко ◽  
Ю. В. Білявський ◽  
А. О. Діянова
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
High Level ◽  
Soy Production ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

Показано цінність білкової культури сої, універсальність її використання, генетичний потенціал, вимоги споживача та переробника. Розглядаються шляхи та перспективи формування сортових ресурсів сої в Україні. До державного Реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні, занесено значну кількість різноманітних сортів сої. Відмічається зростання частки скоростиглих сортів. Відповідно до сучасних вимог, сорт сої повинен бути високоврожайним, адаптивним, із високим генетичним потенціалом та мати відповідний рівень захисту рослин від біотичних та абіотичних факторів середовища. Базуючись на довготривалому практичному досвіді в селекції сої, у полтавському селекцентрі створено сорти з підвищеним базовим потенціалом. Серед них особливу цінність має сорт Аквамарин, занесений до Державного реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні в 2013 році. Представлено окремі вимоги до елементів агротехніки. The value of protein culture of soy, the universality of its use is shown. The ways of increasing soy production in Ukraine are considered. To the State Register of plant varieties, suitable for distribution, a significant number of various soybean varieties are listed in Ukraine, most of which have a narrow ecological-geographical adaptation. In modern conditions, the soybean must be highly productive, adaptive, with a high level of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Based on long-term practical experience in soybean selection, the hybridization of sources of adaptability to stress factors of the environment resulted in a variety with a higher base potential. Aquamarine variety, entered in the State Register of plant varieties, is suitable for distribution in Ukraine. The morphological and biological characteristics of the variety are given.

scholarly journals Three-line hybrid of sunflower Nika

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
О.F. Gorbachenko ◽  
◽  
F.I. Gorbachenko ◽  
V.D. Gorbachenko ◽  
Т.V. Usatenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
State Register ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Main Distinguishing Feature

A three-line sunflower hybrid Nika was developed by hybridization of a simple sterile hybrid Donskoy 59 and a line-restorer of pollen fertility ED 155 at the Don experimental station. It is characterized by high productivity, over the years of testing, it exceeded the control on seed yield by 0.25 t per ha, on oil collection per hectare by 0.16 t per ha. According to the length of the vegetative period (98–104 days), it can be attributed to the middle-early group. Plant height is up to 170–180 cm. The leaves are large, the bubbling is very weak, and serration is large. Heads of medium size when maturing turned down with a straight stem. Achenes are broadly ovate, black with grey stripes along the edges and between the edges. The main distinguishing feature of the hybrid is its high productivity and resistance to the new aggressive races of broomrape (E, F, G) and downy mildew (race 330). The hybrid Nika has been included into the State register of protected breeding achievements of the Russian Federation since 2019 and allowed to be cultivated in the Central Black Soil (5), Northern Caucasus (6), Middle Volga (7), Low Volga (8), Ural (9), and Western Siberian (10) regions of Russia.

BREEDING FRUIT CROPS IN THE TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-29
Author(s):  
G. E. Osipov ◽  
Z. A. Osipova ◽  
N. V. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
The State ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of the research was to analyze the work on the creation of new varieties of apple, cherry and plum, carried out from 1938 to 2020 in the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, as well as the identification of promising crossbreeding combinations and genotypes for use in breeding and transfer to the State variety testing. In the apple breeding orchard, promising seedlings in hybrid families were identified by productivity, taste and size of fruits: Anis Novy×Plodovitoe (1-6-48), Anis Novy×Vityaz(1-7-26, 1-7-27,  1-7-57,1-7-70, 1-7-97), Anis Novy×Ural Souvenir (1-8-88) . In 2021, 4 apple varieties were entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation: Renet Tatarsky, Volzhskaya Krasavitsa, Tenkovskaya and Kamskaya. The apple variety Renet Povolzh’ya is undergoing state variety testing. Promising hybrids 1-1-11, 1-2-11, 1-2-14, 1-10-30, 1-11-6, 1-11-31, 2-2-75,2-2-93 have been selected in sour cherry breeding orchards. In 2015, a new self-fertile variety of Shelangovskaya sour cherry was accepted for State variety testing in the Middle Volga and Volga-Vyatka regions. In 2021, 8 varieties of sour cherries were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation: Krasa Tataria, Zarya Tataria, Shakirovskaya, Truzhenitsa Tataria, Sevastyanovskaya, Tveritinovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova and Obilnaya. In the plum breeding orchard promising hybrid seedlings 1-1-11, 1-1-20, 1-1-47, 1-1-75, 1-1-84, 1-2-36, 1-2-49, 1-2-57, 1-2-60, 1-3-19, 1-3-58, 1-3-86, 1-8-43 and others were selected according to important economic and biological characteristics. In 2021, the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, admitted for use, included 8 varieties of home-breeding plums of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture: 2 varieties of early ripening — Sverkh Rannya, Sineokaya; 6 varieties of medium ripening — Rakitovaya, Renklod Tenkovskiy, Volzhanka, Tenkovskaya Golubka, Kazanskaya and Pamyat Khasanova.

scholarly journals Study of elements of spring camelina technology in the forest-steppe of the Central Chernozem region

2021 ◽  
Vol 205 (02) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Valentina Gulidova
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
State Testing ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Chernozem

Abstact. Varieties of spring ginger included in the State Register of breeding achievements and recommended for the Central Chernozem region, cultivated in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Lipetsk region, form different yields of oilseeds in specific production conditions. The purpose of the research was to identify the most adaptive high-yielding varieties of spring ginger, suitable for cultivation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Central Chernozem region and providing high productivity. Research methods. When studying varieties according to the main economic characteristics, the method of competitive variety testing was used in accordance with the requirements of the state testing methodology and the field experience methodology of B. A. Dospekhov. Results. Spring ginger is a precocious crop with a growing season in the context of the studied varieties: Omich – 84 days, Ekaterininskiy – 79 days and Yubilyar – 75 days. The height of the varieties ranged from 59.3 to 67.8 cm. The Omich variety was short, and the Jubilee variety was the tallest. The maximum number of pods was observed in the Ekaterininskiy variety – 49.5 pieces per plant. Among the studied varieties of spring ginger, according to the complex of positive signs, the Ekaterininskiy variety stood out, which has a higher yield (1.52 t/ha without fertilizers and 1.88 t/ha against the background of N90P60K90), and the highest oil productivity (684 kg/ha without fertilizer and 833 kg/ha against the background of N90P60K90). The Omich variety had a high oil content of seeds (48%), but it was inferior to other varieties in terms of oil collection. The Yubilyar variety provided the highest yield of crude protein from 1 ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time on leached chernozem in the conditions of a typical forest-steppe of the Central Chernozem region, a comparative study of new-generation spring ginger varieties by a complex of economically useful characteristics was carried out and the genotypes most adapted for this region were determined.

scholarly journals Watermelon selection: results and prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Bocherova ◽  
◽  
S.V. Malueva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
New Variety ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

The main direction of selective work in melon breeding is the creation of varieties with high productivity potential. The purpose of the research was to create a new variety of watermelon ‘Malachite’ and accession 705 that are resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors and possess a set of economically useful traits. The results of twoyear research showed that in 2018, the variety ‘Malachite’ exceeded ‘Sinchevsky’ (standard) by 4.4 t/ha in yield; in 2019, the yield of ‘Malachite’ was 3 t/ha less than that of the standard one. During the two years, accession 705 exceeded standard one by 6.6 t/ha and 1 t/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals Характеристика продуктивности и качества урожая столовых сортов Negr

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Alla Polulyakh ◽  
Vladimir Volynkin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
State Register ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Traits For Breeding

Успехи в создании новых перспективных высококачественных сортов винограда в значительной мере зависят от разнообразия исходного генетического материала, знания его ценных хозяйственных характеристик. В результате анализа показателей продуктивности и качества урожая 47 местных столовых сортов V. v. orientalis Negr. выявлены источники ценных хозяйственных признаков для селекции: Сатени черный, Хусайне люнда, Зени амар, Шами абиад и Риш баба, которые являются источниками раннеспелости, крупноягодности, крупноплодности, высокой продуктивности и качества винограда. Сорта Сатени черный, Кировобадский столовый клон 216, Шами абиад выделены для совершенствования конвейера столовых сортов и рекомендации для включения в Госреестр сортов, допущенных для промышленного возделывания в РФ.Success in creating new promising high-quality grapevine cultivars largely depends on diversity of the original genetic material, and knowledge of its valuable economic characteristics. Analysis of productivity and harvest quality indicators of 47 local V. v. orientalis Negr. table cultivars revealed sources of valuable economic traits for breeding: ‘Sateni chernyi’, ‘Husayne Lunda’, ‘Zeni Ama’, ‘Shami Abiad’ and ‘Rish Baba’, which are the sources of early ripeness, large yield, large fruit, high productivity and quality of grapes. The cultivars ‘Sateni chernyi’, Kirovobad table clone 216, ‘Shami Abiad’ were selected to improve the conveyor of table grapes, and will be recommended for inclusion into the State Register of varieties approved for industrial cultivation in the Russian Federation.

Creation and evaluation of new varieties and populations of alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Meremyanina I. A. ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kenyz V.V.
Keyword(s):  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
The Creation

The article is based on the creation and evaluation of new varieties and complex hybrid populations of alfalfa with economically valuable traits and properties.Varieties with high productivity of green mass and seeds have been created and studied.

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