scholarly journals CARAGANA ARBORESCENS LAM. AS A SHRUB SPECIES FOR BIOLOGICAL RECLAMATION OF POST-TECHNOGENIC AREAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Ella Treschevskaya ◽  
Elena Tikhonova ◽  
Inna Golyadkina ◽  
Svetlana Treschevskaya ◽  
Vladislav Knyazev
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Technogenic Landscapes ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Small Roots ◽  
Caragana Arborescens

Minerals are considered one of the components of the economy of any country. The negative side of technogenesis is the emergence of technogenic landscapes with developed exogenous processes. To prevent and eliminate them, biological reclamation is carried out, the most promising direction of which is forest reclamation. In forest reclamation, preference is given to soil-improving tree and shrub species. The research was carried out in the stands of the Caragana arborescens (Caragana arborescens Lam.) on the dumps of the Kursk magnetic anomaly in the Belgorod region of the Central Federal District of Russia. The work on the test areas was carried out according to generally accepted methods. On the sandy-chalk dump of loose overburden, the karagany cultures completely died by the age of 38. On a two-component technozem, with surface application of a fertile layer on a sand-chalk mixture, karagana showed positive results. The maximum safety (84.2-82.0%) is typical for the first four years of karagana's life. It does not depend much on environmental conditions. The growth of shoots in karagana begins only in the second decade of May. Shoots grow most actively in the third decade of May - 43.8%. The average biomass of one karagana bush at the age of 6 years is 503 g. At the same time, the average mass of one specimen of Robinia pseudoacacia is 2264 g. The total supply of phytomass in the 9-year-old karagana plantation is 69.5 c/ha, which is 2.6 times less than in the robinia pseudoacacia plantation. The reclamation role of caragana leaves is insignificant. The tree-like karagana is rich in mineral elements, which is reflected in their accumulation in substrates. The reserves of nitrogen – 4.06% and calcium – 1.46% are especially large in Karagan. The dump is located in the mining production zone, so the iron content in the assimilating organs of karagany exceeds 4 times the content on zonal soils, and titanium - 1.8 times. A significant part of the chemical elements falls on the green parts of plants. Caragana leaves are supplied with: nitrogen - 26.64 kg /ha, potassium - 1.78 kg/ ha, calcium - 17.52 kg/ ha and magnesium - 4.56 kg/ha. More than half of the chemical elements of root systems accumulate in small roots. When they die off, they enter directly into the substrate. The tree-like karagana can be recommended for forest reclamation of technogenically disturbed lands when mixed with more valuable tree and shrub species

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR FOREST RECULTIVATION OF TECHNOGENIC LANDSCAPES USING BALSAM POPLAR (POPULUS BALSAMIFERA L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Ella Treschevskaya ◽  
Inna Golyadkina ◽  
Svetlana Treschevskaya ◽  
Vladislav Knyazev ◽  
Elizaveta Kushnir
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Technogenic Landscapes ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Small Roots ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L

In all regions of our country and abroad, where the extraction of minerals is carried out in an open way, technogenic landscapes arise. They cause great harm to the environment. One of the cheapest areas of restoration of disturbed landscapes is forest reclamation. To improve the forest-growing conditions of overburden rocks on the dumps form technozems. A two-component technozem was formed on the Beryozovy log sand of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly on the sand-chalky dump after land surveying. At the initial stage of reclamation, balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) was recommended among several dozen of tree and shrub species to restore disturbed lands as a fast-growing tree species. In the first eight years, poplar showed fairly good preservation - 89.4-80.0%. It is known that it is necessary to create highly productive phytocenoses for the successful restoration of disturbed lands. The amount of organic matter synthesized by balsamic poplar is 2 times less compared to such soil-improving species as Robinia Pseudoacacia L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L. In addition, balsam poplar is characterized by a small phytomass of leaves - 3.5 c/ha at the age of 9, which is more than 5 times less than in the previously studied soil-improving species. In this regard, the reclamation role of leaves in poplar stands can be considered insignificant. The content of chemical elements in leaves and small roots of poplar, which have a direct effect on the accumulation of substances in substrates, is 1.5-1.3 times less than that of robinia and sea buckthorn. Balsam poplar (in the conditions of disturbed lands) does not form long-term stable stands. By the age of 35, its safety is 15.4%, and by the age of 42 years - 11.0%. Based on the study of balsam poplar plantings under the age of 42 years, this species cannot be recommended for forest reclamation of dumps in technogenic landscapes

Elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Inna Yu. Tarmaeva ◽  
Anatoliy V. Skalny ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova ◽  
Andrey R. Grabeklis ◽  
Alexandr I. Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

Establishing the limits of the permissible content of chemical elements in the wool of representatives of the family Hamster Cricetidae using centile scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
M. V. Stepanova ◽  
◽  
V. A. Ostapenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
The Family ◽  
Heavy Metals And Arsenic

The aim of the study was to study the content of some heavy metals and arsenic in members of the Cricetidae family of hamsters and to develop centile scales for assessing the level of accumulation of these elements for the Central Federal District. In 2018–2020, hamster`s wool was studied for the accumulation of zinc, copper, iron, lead, cadmium and arsenic by the atomic absorption method. The data on the characteristics of the content of chemical elements in different sexes of animals are given. In the course of the study, it was found that, according to the value of the average content in the wool of animals of the family, the studied elements form the following decreasing series: Fe> Zn> Pb> Cu> Cd> As. When studying the features of the accumulation of chemical elements by different sexes, a significant increase in the concentration of zinc, iron, cadmium and arsenic in the wool of males was established, compared with females, depending on the species, from 1,38 to 3,98; from 1,28 to 1,52; from 2,00 to 304,00 times, respectively. With regard to the accumulation of copper in the body, the opposite trend is observed. In females, its concentration is 1,5–3,19 times higher. In the studied sample of animals, an increase in copper content was revealed in 44,83% of individuals and a decrease in cadmium in 44,82%.

Analysis of the Inorganic Matter in Wood and Bark Proceeding from the Energetic Woodchips of the Plantation Grown Tree Species Robinia pseudoacacia via the AES-ICP

2016 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Ladislav Dzurenda ◽  
Ľubomir Pňakovič
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
A Value ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Poplar Trees

The paper presents the results of a quantitative analysis of the proportion of the following chemical elements: Ca, Mg, K, P, Mn, Zn and Fe in wood, bark and energetic woodchips produced from woody biomass of plantation grown clones: Ambiqua, Gori, Nyírségi, Rozaszin of the tree species Robinia pseudoacacia, which were cultivated by midi-rotation. Experimental works determined the average density of black locust wood ρ0W = 680.8 kg m-3 and of its bark ρ0B = 764.4 kg m-3. The AES-ICP technique determined the proportion of individual inorganic elements in dry wood and dry bark. The analyses show that the proportion of the analyzed inorganic elements in bark is 3.49 times higher than the proportion of these elements in wood. The largest proportion in the woody bark belongs to calcium, which proportion in wood is Ca = 3 965 mg.kg-1 and in bark is Ca = 18 698 mg.kg -1. Potassium shows also a higher proportion in bark than in wood with a value of K = 4 796 mg.kg-1, which is 1.73 times higher than in wood, Mg = 1 284 mg.kg-1, which is 2.81 times higher, phosphorus with the value P = 2 403 mg.kg-1, which is 4.04 times higher and iron Fe = 574 mg.kg-1 which is 4.86 times higher than in wood. Proportion of the analyses in energy woodchips is comparable to the proportion of these elements in the energy woodchips made of woody biomass produced from plantation grown clones of willow and alder. Woodchips made of black locust contain a higher proportion of calcium, it is by 25% higher than the upper limit of calcium in woody biomass from plantation grown poplar trees.

scholarly journals Вміст важких металів у ґрунтах захисних лісових насаджень призалізничних територій

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
В. В. Гупал ◽  
І. Р. Чорнявська
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Protective Forest

Описано поліфункціональне значення захисних лісових насаджень на шляхах залізничного транспорту та вказано на необхідність вивчення їх лісомеліоративних функцій. Проведено дослідження щодо шкідливого впливу залізничного транспорту на довкілля та істотного забруднення ґрунту рухомими формами важких металів у захисних лісових насадженнях різної конструкції уздовж транспортних магістралей. Надано геохімічну оцінку ґрунтів за вмістом важких металів через гранично допустиму концентрацію (ГДК) та класифікацію хімічних елементів за класами небезпечності. Досліджено залежність між вмістом важких металів у ґрунті та відстанню від колійного полотна. Виявлено рівень забруднення під впливом техногенного середовища залізниць та поширення з відстанню від залізничного полотна рухомих форм свинцю, кадмію, цинку, міді, нікелю, кобальту, хрому, заліза та марганцю у ґрунтах захисних лісових насаджень. The polyfunctional value of protective forest plantations on railway has been described. The necessity of studying their forest reclamation functions is indicated. Constant pollution of the environment requires the immediate solution of urgent environmental and economic problems to ensure a clean future. The influence of railway transport on the environment has been studied. Studies have been carried out on significant soil contamination by mobile forms of heavy metals in protective forest plantations along transport routes. The geochemical assessment of soils by the content of heavy metals is given in accordance with the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). Heavy metals were considered in accordance with the classification of chemical elements by hazard class. The dependence between the content of heavy metals in the soil and the distance from the track has been investigated. The level of pollution and the spread of mobile forms of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron and manganese in the soils of protective forest plantations under the influence of the technogenic environment of railways was revealed. Compounds of heavy metals extend approximately at the same distance from the track and do not exceed the MPC, with the exception of manganese. At the control section, experiments showed that all chemical elements, except manganese, were at a minimum. After analyzing the test plot data, we found that the proportion of Mn in them is the greatest, (55% in average), and zinc, lead and iron fluctuate – about 9%, which is 6 times less than the manganese content. The rest of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr) occupy insignificant percentages in the soil, which range up to 5%.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Benefits of Minerals in Meat and Meat Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Essential Minerals ◽  
Muscle Foods

Minerals are chemical elements that organisms require as a necessary nutrient to sustain good health at various stages of life. To support human biochemical processes, including structural and functional activity in the body, at least twenty mineral elements are required. However, inadequate consumption of these essential minerals in the human diet can result in metabolic problems, organ damage, chronic diseases, and death. Mineral deficiency affects roughly two billion people globally, the bulk of whom live in third-world nations. Among those, infants and pregnant women are more susceptible to the mineral shortage in the body. To avoid these deficiencies, humans need to consume muscle foods, which are superior sources of essential minerals, particularly zinc, selenium, phosphorus, iron, etc. compared to plant-based foods. Minerals derived from muscle foods are easier to absorb in the body than minerals derived from plant foods. However, the amount of essential minerals in muscle foods varies widely and depends on several factors, including nutrition, species, breed, sex, age at slaughter, muscle types, physiological status, production system, and post-mortem factors such as processing and analytical methods. The present study discusses the mineral composition of different muscle foods, factors affecting the mineral contents in different muscle foods and the beneficial and important roles that minerals play in human health.

scholarly journals Plant species selection and biomass nutrient content on post-mine sites of the Kursk magnetic anomaly, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
E Treschevskaya ◽  
I Golyadkina’ ◽  
S Treschevskaya ◽  
E Kushnir
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Anomaly ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Kursk Magnetic Anomaly ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Mine Sites

Abstract The article presents data on the assessment of the different tree and shrubs species for a reclamation of the hydraulic dump of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify highly productive tree and shrub species with the maximum content of nitrogen and ash elements in the biomass. The objects of research are protective plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia L., Caragana arborescens L., Betula pendula L., Hippophae rhamnoides L., Pínus sylvestris L., Populus balsamifera L. Under the influence of different type of vegetation, the fertility of the dump substrates increases and the initial substrates gradually turns into soil. The rate of formation of primary soils depends on the biomass of plantations and the content of chemical elements in it. The article analyzes data on the content of the main chemical elements in different parts of plants aged 8-9 years. Trees and shrubs are arranged in sequential rows in terms of nitrogen accumulation, ash elements and overall biological productivity. The authors identified sea-buckthorn and robinia pseudoacacia, which, already at a young age, are characterized by high productivity (146.2 and 118.0 dt/ha) and have a positive effect on the fertility of the dump substrates.

scholarly journals The phosphate state and biochemical mobilization of phosphorus compounds in arboreal plants’ soils

2010 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Olexandr Artyushenko ◽  
Oksana Dziuba
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Technogenic Landscapes ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Spoil Bank ◽  
Alkaline And Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Activity Information

Some indices of the phosphoric fractions of primery degraded soils, which are formed separate areas of technogenic landscapes, on a spoil-bank of iron-ore mine in the near of Kryvyi Rig, under act of lignosa, which are used for biological recultivation of degraded soils are investigated. Maintenance of mineral phosphates and features of organic phosphorus accumulation are set in soil under arboreal planting. Nutrient supply of plants is enhanced by mobile phosphates and their dynamics during vegetation period. Activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes are concerned also. On the basis of the soil enzymes activity information it is stated, that under the 35-years-old plantage of Robinia pseudoacacia L. the biochemical mineralization of organic phosphorus compounds passes considerably more actively than under Pinus pallasiana D.Don.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN EGG SHELL OF A COMMERCIAL STRAIN OF DOMESTIC FOWL MANAGED IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
M. A. Oguike
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Sodium Zinc

A study was conducted to determine the chemical elements of the egg shell of exotic commercial pullets (Lohmann) in their first laying year. A total of 160 eggs from eight pullet were randomly selected at three-monthly intervals during the production year for the determination of chemical elements of the eggshell. The average concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, sodium, zinc and iron were 90.36%, 0.87%, 0.90%, 3.85%, 0.51%, 0.10%, 0.002%, and 0.005% respectively. Most of the paired variates of the mineral elements showed significant (P < 0.01) inter-relationship as depicted by measures of correlation coefficients. There were no significant relationships between Ca and most mineral elements and on the other hand mg was significantly correlated with phosphorus N, K, and Zn. Correlation coefficients between P and Fe, N and Na, Zn or Fe and between Na and Zn were not significant.

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