scholarly journals Phenylurea-type Cytokinin ameliorates the performance of young pea plants under salt stress

Botanica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Irina Moskova ◽  
Konstantina Kocheva
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Kinetics Of

Cytokinins are known to enhance stress tolerance in plants. The present study aimed to assess the possible protective effect of exogenous phenylurea-type cytokinin (4PU-30) on alleviating salt (NaCl) stress. Young pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants were sprayed with cytokinin 4PU-30 and were subsequently subjected to NaCl treatment. The effect of 4PU-30 on cell membrane stability was assessed based on electrolyte leakage from leaves of control and NaCl stressed plants. A previously established model system employing the kinetics of ion leakage served to evaluate the effect of the 4PU-30 application on plants response to salinity. Salt treatment caused a moderate decrease in leaf water content. Accumulation of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the leaves of NaCl treated plants indicated the development of oxidative stress, which was significantly alleviated by pretreatment with phenylurea-type cytokinin 4PU-30. Foliar application of 4PU-30 reduced the damaging effect of NaCl, as evidenced by decreased electrolyte leakage. Distinct roles of cell walls and plasmalemma in the processes of ion efflux due to salt stress are discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of salicylic acid on biochemical parameters and antioxidant system in mashbean plants grown under salt stress conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Navita Ghai ◽  
Jagmeet Kaur ◽  
Inderjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

Abiotic stress factors affect almost every aspect of physiology and biochemisrtry of a plant. The present study investigates the role of salicylic acid (SA) in inducing plant tolerance to salinity. The application of 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM SA to mashbean (Vigna mungo L.) plants provided protection against 30mM or 45mM NaCl stress throughelevated antioxidant system. The genotypes KUG 363, KUG 310, (salt sensitive), KUG 502 and KUG 529 (salt tolerant) along with UL 338 (as check) were subjected to salt stress. Relative leaf water content (61%) decreased under 45mM salt stress in salt tolerant genotype KUG 529 as compared to control (85%). Leaf water potential was also recorded at 50 DAS in salt tolerant genotype KUG 529 (-2.66 mpa) and in salt sensitive genotype KUG 363(-3.76 mpa) .All the genotypes showed higher accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species under salt stress. A remarkable decrease was shown in antioxidant enzymes like catalase (179 micro mole/min/g FW) and ascorbate peroxidase (1617 n moles/min/g FW) in KUG 529 . The level of antioxidant system was enhanced catalase (184 micro mole/min/g FW) and ascorbate peroxidase (1853 n moles/min/g FW) in mashbean plants under NaCl stress following SA applications . Thus SA helped in conferring stress tolerance to mashbean plants through enhanced antioxidant system. However, tolerant genotypes responded better than sensitive ones and lower concentration of SA (0.5mM) was more effective.

scholarly journals Overexpression of GhMPK3 from Cotton Enhances Cold, Drought, and Salt Stress in Arabidopsis

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
Salisu Bello Sadau ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Sani Muhammad Tajo ◽  
Sani Ibrahim ◽  
Bello Babatunde Kazeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Drought And Salt Stress

Cotton production is hampered by a variety of abiotic stresses that wreak havoc on the growth and development of plants, resulting in significant financial losses. According to reports, cotton production areas have declined around the world as a result of the ongoing stress. Therefore, plant breeding programs are concentrating on abiotic stress-tolerant cotton varieties. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are involved in plant growth, stress responses, and the hormonal signaling pathway. In this research, three abiotic stresses (cold, drought, and salt) were analyzed on GhMPK3 transformed Arabidopsis plants. The transgenic plant’s gene expression and morphologic analysis were studied under cold, drought, and salt stress. Physiological parameters such as relative leaf water content, excised leaf water loss, chlorophyll content, and ion leakage showed that overexpressed plants possess more stable content under stress conditions compared with the WT plants. Furthermore, GhMPK3 overexpressed plants had greater antioxidant activities and weaker oxidant activities. Silencing GhMPK3 in cotton inhibited its tolerance to drought stress. Our research findings strongly suggest that GhMPK3 can be regarded as an essential gene for abiotic stress tolerance in cotton plants.

scholarly journals Alleviation Of Nacl Stress In Summer Squash ‘Eskandrani’ By Foliar Application Of Salicylic Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Wasfy Mohammed Elwan ◽  
Rewaa Salah Ahmed El-Shatoury
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Potassium Accumulation ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Negative Effect

AbstractThe experiment was performed to assess the possibility of overcoming NaCl salinity stress by foliar sprays of summer squash ‘Eskandrani’ with salicylic acid (SA) at the concentration of 10-6 M. NaCl treatment caused reduction of shoot fresh weight, leaf number per plant, fruit yield, concentrations of potassium in aerial parts, and the concentration of chlorophyll in leaves. Plants grown under salt stress conditions had higher shoot sodium concentrations than plants untreated with NaCl. Foliar application of SA ameliorated partly the negative effect of NaCl treatment. The beneficial effect of SA was also observed in non-stressed plants, increasing the shoot potassium accumulation and leaf photosynthetic pigments status, and decreasing sodium accumulation in shoots.

scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase Contributes to Alleviate Salinity Damage inGlycine maxL. Leaves

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Giannina Zilli ◽  
Diego Mario Santa-Cruz ◽  
Gustavo Gabriel Yannarelli ◽  
Guillermo Osvaldo Noriega ◽  
María Luján Tomaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Leading Role

Plants are frequently subjected to different kinds of stress, such as salinity and, like other organisms, they have evolved strategies for preventing and repairing cellular damage caused by salt stress.Glycine maxL. plants were subjected to different NaCl concentrations (0–200 mM) for 10 days. Treatments with 100 and 200 mM NaCl induced ion leakage and lipid peroxidation augmentation, loss in chlorophyll content, and accumulation ofO2•-andH2O2. However, 50 mM NaCl did not modify these parameters, which remains similar to control values. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) activities and gene expressions were increased under 100 mM NaCl, while no differences were observed with respect to controls under 50 mM salt. Treatment with 200 mM NaCl caused a diminution in the enzyme activities and gene expressions. Results here reported let us conclude that HO also plays a leading role in the defense mechanisms against salinity.

scholarly journals Exogenous Auxin-Mediated Salt Stress Alleviation in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef ◽  
Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif ◽  
Mohammad Saidur Rhaman
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Catalase Peroxidase ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Auxin not only controls the development processes, but also regulates the stress responses of plants. In this investigation, we explored the potential roles of exogenously applied indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in conferring salt tolerance in the faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Our results showed that foliar application of IAA (200 ppm) to salt-exposed (60 mM and 150 mM NaCl) plants promoted growth, which was evidenced by enhanced root–stem traits. IAA application ensured better osmotic protection in salt-stressed plants which was supported by reduced proline and enhanced soluble sugar, soluble protein, and total free amino acid contents in the roots, stem, and seeds. IAA application also increased the number of nodules in salt-stressed plants, which may facilitate better nitrogen assimilation. Moreover, IAA mediated improvements in mineral homeostasis (K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) and the translocation of Na+, while it also inhibited excessive accumulation of Na+ in the roots. Salt-induced oxidative damage resulted in increased accumulation of malondialdehyde, whereas IAA spraying relegated malondialdehyde by improving antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Together, these results together with a principal component analysis uncovered that foliar spraying of IAA alleviated the antagonistic effects of salt stress via enhancing osmolyte accumulation, ionic homeostasis, and antioxidant activity. Finally, exogenous IAA enhanced the yield of broad beans under high salinity conditions.

scholarly journals Physiological Responses of Salinized Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) Plants to Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Reda E. Abdelhameed ◽  
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef ◽  
Rania S. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Content Index ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
The Impact

Considering the detrimental effects of salt stress on the physiological mechanisms of plants in terms of growth, development and productivity, intensive efforts are underway to improve plant tolerance to salinity. Hence, an experiment was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA; 0.5 mM) on the physiological traits of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) plants grown under three salt concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). An increase in salt concentration generated a decrease in the chlorophyll content index (CCI); however, the foliar application of SA boosted the CCI. The malondialdehyde content increased in salt-stressed fenugreek plants, while a reduction in content was observed with SA. Likewise, SA application induced an accumulation of proline, total phenolics, and flavonoids. Moreover, further increases in total free amino acids and shikimic acid were observed with the foliar application of SA, in either control or salt-treated plants. Similar results were obtained for ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase with SA application. Hence, we concluded that the foliar application of SA ameliorates salinity, and it is a growth regulator that improves the tolerance of fenugreek plants under salt stress.

scholarly journals Thiourea and hydrogen peroxide priming improved K+ retention and source-sink relationship for mitigating salt stress in rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Pandey ◽  
Radha Krishna Paladi ◽  
Ashish Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Penna Suprasanna
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Redox Environment ◽  
Source Sink

AbstractPlant bioregulators (PBRs) represent low-cost chemicals for boosting plant defense, especially under stress conditions. In the present study, redox based PBRs such as thiourea (TU; a non-physiological thiol-based ROS scavenger) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; a prevalent biological ROS) were assessed for their ability to mitigate NaCl stress in rice variety IR 64. Despite their contrasting redox chemistry, TU or H2O2 supplementation under NaCl [NaCl + TU (NT) or NaCl + H2O2 (NH)] generated a reducing redox environment in planta, which improved the plant growth compared with those of NaCl alone treatment. This was concomitant with better K+ retention and upregulated expression of NaCl defense related genes including HAK21, LEA1, TSPO and EN20 in both NT and NH treated seedlings. Under field conditions, foliar applications of TU and H2O2, at vegetative growth, pre-flowering and grain filling stages, increased growth and yield attributes under both control and NaCl stress conditions. Principal component analysis revealed glutathione reductase dependent reduced ROS accumulation in source (flag leaves) and sucrose synthase mediated sucrose catabolism in sink (developing inflorescence), as the key variables associated with NT and NH mediated effects, respectively. In addition, photosystem-II efficiency, K+ retention and source-sink relationship were also improved in TU and H2O2 treated plants. Taken together, our study highlights that reducing redox environment acts as a central regulator of plant’s tolerance responses to salt stress. In addition, TU and H2O2 are proposed as potential redox-based PBRs for boosting rice productivity under the realistic field conditions.

Potential of foliar application of micronutrients on growth, yield, quality and nutraceutical properties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) using multivariate approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safina Naz ◽  
Muhammad Usman Latif ◽  
Sakeena Tul-Ain Haider ◽  
Sajid Ali ◽  
Hasan Sardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties
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