scholarly journals Geochemical Impact of Kholodninsk Lead-zinc Deposit on Aquatic Landscapes of Northern Part of the Baikal Region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Landscapes ◽  
The Impact

The features of pollution of aquatic environments (river and lake) in the area of impact of Grodnenskoe polymetallic mine, located in the water basin of the lake Baikal (Republic of Buryatiya) is considered. The main existing sources of pollution, the degree of toxicity and the scale of the impact on the drainage watercourses, as well as the peculiarities of transportation of pollutants were determined. Existing spatial zones of ecological risk for aquatic landscapes associated with modern geochemical impact of Kholodninskoe mine were revealed. Today, it is a part of the Kholodnaya River basin, which flows near the mine and receives water streams from abandoned tunnels. In the waters of these streams very high concentrations of pollutants (a number of heavy metals) have been revealed. They are hundreds and thousands times higher than the maximum permissible concentration. After the confluence of streams with the Chpolodnaya River pollution zone have been formed, within which the concentration of zinc in the waters of the river exceeds the normative values. For the TyyaRiver, which drains the ore body, but does not receive streams from the tunnels, significant excess of standards for the heavy metals content have not been found. Directly in the water area of the Lake Baikal, including the Gulf of Angarskiy Sor, where the Kholodnaya River flows, significant excess of permissible values was not identified, either. Based on the analysis of the selected samples, Conclusions based on the selected samples analysishave been made on specific featuresof current chemical elements migration in the «Kholodnaya River – Lake Baikal» system at the present level of economic activity, as well as the prospects for the future.

scholarly journals Geochemical composition of sapropel in lakes: reflections of paleoenvironmental conditions and anthropogenic influence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Satkūnas ◽  
Vaidotas Valskys ◽  
Gytautas Ignatavičius ◽  
Alma Grigienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Geochemical and lithological parameters of sapropel in lakes, combined with pollen data and radiocarbon 14C datings, contain a wide spectrum of environmental information. This includes records of fluctuations of water level and changes of conditions of sedimentation, accumulation of organic matter and chemical elements due to climate change, human impacts and other environmental changes. Four lakes with different trophic states and anthropogenic pressures were chosen for this study in Lithuania. Lake Balsys has a mesotrophic state while Lakes Didžiulis, Salotė and Gineitiškės have eutrophic states. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was used to analyse concentrations of chemical elements, loss-on-ignition to determine organic, mineral and carbonate matter, pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating were applied for determination of paleoenvironmental conditions and age of sediments. Results of this study demonstrated rather different chemical compositions of sapropels in these lakes. Human impacts are evident in the upper layers of sapropel in all lakes, however very specific and complex geochemical composition was determined in deeper layers of sapropel in the different lakes. Higher concentrations of elements like Cr and Zn are expected in deeper layers of sapropel and are attributed to lithogenic association of trace elements. Pb and Cu were detected in upper layers of sapropel which indicates the impact of anthropogenic activity. Sapropel of eutrophic lakes (Salotė and Gineitiškės) is enriched by high concentrations of heavy metals (galbūt naudoti tiesiog chemical elements?) (Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn). Their main source was multidimensional anthropogenic pollution leading to a biogenic-anthropogenic association of elements. Sapropel with low concentrations of heavy metals exhibits a different inter-association matrix because most of the elements tend to form lithogenic-clastogenic associations.

scholarly journals Research into ecological status and the degree of heavy metal concentration in the waters of the Drenica river (Kosovo)

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M Sadiku ◽  
S Kadriu ◽  
M Kelmendi ◽  
D Ibishi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Lignite Mining ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. To reflect the impact of discharge waters from the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining on the pollution of the Drenica River with heavy metals. According to our estimation, the effect of mining on the river pollution is undeniable. Methodology. The standard methods ISO 5667-6, ISO 5667-11, and ISO 5667-1.3 were used to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the Drenica River surface water. The EPA-3015A method was applied for sample preparation, while the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) measurement technique was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Standard ISO methods were applied for determining the following parameters: pH, DO, BOD5, COD, NNH4, NO3-, TN, PO4P, and TP. Findings. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the levels of heavy metals in the river Drenica have exceeded the allowed values as a result of industrial activities. Originality. The paper supplies new additional information on the ecological status of the Drenica River, based on samples taken along the river, especially where the greatest impact of the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining could be. The problematic of this research is quite contemporary; river pollution affects the life chain. Practical value. We believe that the content and problems in the focus of the research are topical and present significant interest to all those who deal with environmental issues.

scholarly journals CONTAMINATION OF SOILS BY HEAVY METALS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN BULGARIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 982-987
Author(s):  
Tsvetelina Petrova ◽  
Iskra Simova ◽  
Martin Pushkarov ◽  
Rositsa Velichkova ◽  
Detelin Markov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Military Industry ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Contamination Of Soils ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Heavy metals are one of the major pollutants. The main sources of pollution are industry, transport, the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers in agriculture, the military industry, etc. Pollution is mostly around businesses, highways and treated terrains and they are polymetallic, mostly from Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As and others. In the current paper the main heavy metals for Bulgaria for the different sources of pollution are presented. An analysis of data for problem areas is made, according to sources of pollution. An analysis of the impact of pollutants on the environment is also conducted.

GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MODERN ZINC CONTENT IN THE SOIL COVER OF THE URBANIZED TERRITORIES OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
SINTSOV ALEXANDER V. ◽  
◽  
BARMIN ALEXANDER N. ◽  
ZIMOVETS PETR A. ◽  
VALOV MICHAIL V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urbanized Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Anthropogenic and technogenic processes in the urban environment significantly change the chemical composition of the soil cover. One of such processes influencing the state of the urban soil is the process of soil cover pollution with heavy metals. Heavy metals are biochemically active and highly toxic; they are found in various components of the natural environment, as well as in systems of anthropogenic and technogenic origin. They have the property of accumulation in the body of living beings and have a negative effect on their condition. This group of chemical elements includes lead, zinc, chromium, mercury, copper, iron and other metals. Exceeding the permissible concentration of heavy metals in the soil of an urbanized area and their toxic effects pose a significant danger to humans. Contamination of the soil cover of an urbanized area with heavy metals is associated with the impact of a large number of sources of anthropogenic and technogenic origin, namely, energy and industrial facilities, city infrastructure support systems, zones of construction activities and storage of materials or waste. One of the main highly toxic chemical pollutants of the soil cover of the urbanized territory belonging to the group of heavy metals is zinc «Zincum-Zn». The article describes the results of a 2020 study of the current zinc content in the soil cover of the city of Astrakhan. The relevance of the work lies in the geochemical analysis of the content of heavy metals in the soil of the city of Astrakhan. The aim of the work was to study the modern process of soil contamination of the city of Astrakhan with zinc. The work was based on the task of determining the degree of exceeding the hygienic standards of the maximum permissible concentration of zinc in soil samples. Methods of geographical and ecological research were used in the work, soil samples were collected, followed by determination of the concentration of a substance in each of the soil samples in a certified laboratory. In the course of the work, the indicators of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of zinc in the soil of the city of Astrakhan were determined and the presumptive sources of pollution were identified.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Suburban Ecosystems of Industrial Centres and Ways of their Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Onistratenko ◽  
Elena Anatolievna Ivantsova ◽  
Andrey Alexandrovich Denysov ◽  
Denys Anatolyevich Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTechnogenic contamination of ecosystems is one of the main dangers of our time. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this contamination and to provide cost-effective and environmentally safe food production methods, we are forced to look for ways of reliable analysis of the environmental situation, the selection systems of animal husbandry and regulations for the degree of impact of pollutants on the elements of the agroecosystem. This article presents the results of studies aimed at assessing the plight of the environment of a large industrial centre, and its anthropogenic impacts on every element of the suburban ecosystems. It presents data on maintenance and migration of anthropogenous pollutants in the trophic chains of pasturable ecosystems of the suburb of Volgograd. The authors have listed the industrial enterprises as the key sources of pollution. The features of the distribution of xenobiotics in the tissues and organs of calves and heifers of different breeds were analysed in the study. Conclusions were drawn on the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in cattle, and the impact of this factor on the quality of production. A comparative assessment of the resistance of different breeds of cows to the action of toxicants in the environment of the Lower Volga region was carried out. Ways to decrease the impact of pollutants on the cattle organism have also been suggested. The article pays attention to the environmental pollution of the industrial centre, the influence of these processes on all elements of an ecosystem including humans, and offers ways to minimize the damage.

scholarly journals Modeling Management and Climate Change Impacts on Water Pollution by Heavy Metals in the Nizhnekamskoe Reservoir Watershed

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3214
Author(s):  
Yury Motovilov ◽  
Tatiana Fashchevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Large River ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
The Impact

The semi-distributed physically based ECOMAG-HM model was applied to simulate the cycling of the heavy metals (HM) Cu, Zn, and Mn, and to identify spatial and temporal patterns of heavy metal pollution in water bodies of a large river catchment of the Nizhnekamskoe reservoir (NKR) in Russia. The main river of the catchment is the Belaya River, one of the most polluted rivers in the Southern Urals. The model was tested against long-term data on hydrological and hydrochemical monitoring of water bodies. It is shown that the pollution of rivers is formed mainly due to diffuse wash-off of metals into rivers from the soil-ground layer. Numerical experiments to assess the impact of water economic activities on river pollution were carried out by modeling scenarios of changes in the amount of metal discharged with wastewater, a disaster with a salvo discharge of pollutants, and the exclusion of anthropogenic impact on the catchment to assess self-purification of the basin. Modeling of chemical runoff in accordance with the delta-change climatic scenario showed that significant changes in water quality characteristics should not be expected in the near future up to 2050.

scholarly journals Evaluation of soil contamination by heavy metals in the zone of TPP influence

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Thermal power engineering takes one of the first places by the scale of the impact on the environment. Thermal power plant emissions are mainly deposited on the ground. Soil compounds, binding heavy metal ions (НM) for a long time, prevent their migration. The buffer capacity of the soil for metals depends on many factors: soil composition, acidity, complexity, oxidation–reduction,sorption–desorption, etc. Examination of the HM content in the soils is necessary for monitoring the environment, its protection from pollution. One of the largest pollutants in Kharkiv region is Zmiiv TPP. The goal of the work is to find out peculiarities of heavy metal contamination of the soil near the Zmiiv TTP and develop recommendations on improving the situation. In order to reach the goal, the following tasks have been solved: features of accumulation of various heavy metals in the soils have been specified, dependence between the soils pH and presence of certain chemical elements in them has been defined, dependance between the content of contamination and development of slow soluble compounds in the soil has been studied. Research methodology. The main principle of control for soil contamination is checking of concentration compliance with the established maximum permissible concentration (MPC) and approximate permissible concentration (APC). HM concentrations in the aqueous extract from the soil were determined by the atomic-emission spectral analysis, atomic absorption analysis and by the method of capillary electrophoresis. To determine the composition of the solid inorganic part of soils X-ray phase analysis was performed. Results of research. It is established that the most polluted areas are located within 10 km from TPP. The most disseminated pollutants in the area are Cu, Br, Co, V, Cr. The soils of the Siverskyi Donets Basin retain Cu, Zn and Pb ions to a large extent. Scientific novelty. Metals V, Cr are anionogenics, acid residues are formed in slightly alkaline soils and together with HM they form insoluble or slightly soluble compounds leading to their accumulation. Compounds SrCrO4, SrCr2O7, Sr(VO3)2, Zn2V2О7, Zn3(VО4)2, Zn(VО3)2 were found in the soils. Based on the determination of the coefficients of poly-elemental contamination, it is shown that maximum concentrations of HM are higher and variations of concentrations are wider except Pd, Zn and Cd in the soils with high humus, buffering and ability to form complexes with metal ions. The correlation relationships between pH, macro- and і microelements in various soils are determined. The highest correlation coefficient is between Al concentration and pH (0.6-0.9). Practical significance. Recommendations have been developed to reduce the level of soil contamination near Zmiiv TPP: reconstruction of the boiler unit, installation of an electrostatic precipitator to collect ash, using ash and slag waste in the production of Portland cement, liming soil for discrimination of HM.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Sapropel of Lakes in Suburban Territories of Vilnius (Lithuania): Reflections of Paleoenvironmental Conditions and Anthropogenic Influence

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Gytautas Ignatavičius ◽  
Jonas Satkūnas ◽  
Alma Grigienė ◽  
Irena Nedveckytė ◽  
Howlader Rahidul Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
The Impact

Geochemical and lithological parameters of sapropel in lakes, combined with pollen data and radiocarbon 14C dating, contain a wide spectrum of environmental information. This includes records of fluctuations of water level and changes of conditions of sedimentation, accumulation of organic matter and chemical elements due to climate change, human impacts and other environmental changes. Rising concentrations of hazardous substances in the natural sediments are likely to be a high risk to the natural environment. At the same time, they can greatly reduce opportunities for environmental engineering of lakes. Four lakes with different trophic states and anthropogenic pressures were chosen for this study in Lithuania. Higher concentrations of elements like Cr, Cu and Zn were not only detected in the top most layers of sapropel but also in deeper layers and are attributed to lithogenic association of trace elements in such deep layers. Concentrations of Pb were detected only in upper layers of sapropel which indicates the impact of anthropogenic activity. The main source of heavy metals was multidimensional anthropogenic pollution leading to a biogenic–anthropogenic association of elements. Sapropel with low concentrations of heavy metals exhibits a different inter-association matrix because most of the elements tend to form lithogenic–clastogenic associations.

scholarly journals The Ussuri Bay: shallow water pollution by heavy metals and its assessment using brown algae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.К. ХРИСТОФОРОВА ◽  
А.Д. КОБЗАРЬ ◽  
Р.А. ГРИГОРОВ
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Sargassum Pallidum ◽  
The Impact

На основе данных о содержании Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni в бурых водорослях-макрофитах Sargassum pallidum, S. miyabei и Stephanocystis crassipes как аккумулирующих биоиндикаторах, собранных в июле 2017 г. вдоль побережья Уссурийского залива, получено представление о состоянии прибрежных вод этого залива. Установлено, что найденные концентрации тяжелых металлов на большинстве станций находятся в пределах фонового диапазона для исследуемых видов в северо-западной части Японского моря. Показано также, что существенное превышение фона некоторых металлов, прежде всего Fe и Cu, наблюдается в водорослях импактных районов – мысов Геллера и Муравьиный в вершине залива, в бухтах Промежуточная и Десантная в городской зоне Владивостока. Based on the data on the content of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Ni in macrophyte brown algae Sargassum pallidum, S. miyabei, and Stephanocystis crassipes, as accumulating bioindicators collected in July 2017 along the coast of the Ussuri Bay, an impression on the conditions of the coastal waters of the Bay was gained. It was established that the concentrations of heavy metals at most stations are within the background range for the species under study in the northwestern part of the Sea of Japan. It was also shown that a significant excess of the background of some metals, primarily Fe and Cu, is observed in the algae of the impact areas – Geller Cape and Muravyiny Cape at the top of the Bay, in the Promezhutochnaya Bay and Desantnaya Bay in the urban zone of Vladivostok.

ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРРИТОРИИГ. БИРОБИДЖАНА ПО УРОВНЮ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ СНЕЖНОГО ПОКРОВА

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Kalmanova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Constructive Method ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Arcview Gis ◽  
Very High

В статье представлены результаты исследования экологогеохимического состояния снежного покрова как индикатора качества атмосферного воздуха г. Биробиджана. Выявлены основные природные и антропогенные факторы, предопределяющие экологическое состояние городской территории в зимний период (климатические, планировочная структура, стационарные и мобильные источники загрязнения). Определено, что выбросы основных загрязнителей во время отопительного сезона превышает летний в 6,5 раз. Проведены геохимические исследования снежного покрова на 60 экспериментальных площадках, заложенных в различных функциональных зонах города. Выявлено значительное превышение тяжелых металлов над фоновым уровнем: железа до 60, марганца до 50, меди до 40, цинка до 20, никеля до 12, свинца до 10, кобальта до 6 раз. С 2003 по 2018 годы содержание химических элементов в снеге увеличилось в 2 раза за счет мобильных источников загрязнения, ТЭЦ, котельных. Проведена сравнительная характеристика накопления тяжелых металлов в снеге за 2003 и 2018 годы и установлен ранжированный ряд загрязняющих токсичных веществ. Разработана шкала оценки загрязнения депонирующих сред по суммарному показателю концентрации тяжелых металлов, согласно которой в Биробиджане выявлено 5 уровней загрязнения снежного покрова. В целом экологическое состояние урбанизированной территории признано неудовлетворительным (8 площади территории относится к очень высокому, 14 к высокому, 21 к выше среднему, 27 к среднему уровням загрязнения, 30 к относительно чистым районам города). По полученным результатам разработана карта в программе ArcView GIS Экологогеохимическое районирование территории г. Биробиджана по уровню загрязнения снежного покрова с выделением наиболее загрязненных участков (70 от общей площади города является загрязненной). По результатам проведенных исследований предложены конструктивные методы планирования урбанизированной территории с целью улучшения ее экологического состояния: проведение геомониторинга (контроль загрязнения снежного покрова и своевременный его вывоз на специально оборудованные полигоны). Snow cover is taken as an indicator of air quality using Birobidzhan, a middlesize city in the Russian Far East, as a case study. The main natural and manmade determinants influencing the ecological state of the urban area in winter are identified: climate, a planning structure, and the stationary and mobile sources of pollution. During the heating season the emission of major pollutants exceeds the summer level by 6.5 times. The geochemical study of snow cover was performed at 60 experimental sites in different functional urban areas. A significant excess of heavy metals over the regional background level was revealed: iron up to 60 times, manganese up to 50, copper up to 40, zinc up to 20 , nickel up to 12, lead up to 10, cobalt up to 6 times. From 2003 to 2018 the content of chemical elements in snow increased in 2 times due to the mobile sources of pollution, thermal power plants, and boilers. The comparative characteristic of accumulation of heavy metals in snow for 2003 and 2018 is carried out, and the ranked number of polluting toxic substances is established. The scale of pollution assessment in depositing environments was developed using the cumulative indicator of heavy metal concentration. Five levels of snow cover pollution are found in Birobidzhan: low, moderate, above moderate, high and very high. As a whole, the ecological state of the urban area is considered as unsatisfactory (8 of the area with a very high level of pollution, 14 with high, 21 above moderate, 27 a moderate level of pollution, 30 a relatively clean area). According to the results, a map was developed in the ArcView GIS program Ecological and geochemical zoning of Birobidzhan, using the level of the snow cover pollution with the allocation of the most polluted areas (70 of the total area of the city is polluted). According to the results, a constructive method of planning in an urban area is proposed in order to improve its environmental condition: geomonitoring as a control of pollution in snow cover and its prompt removal to specially equipped landfills.

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