scholarly journals WORKING CONDITIONS AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS DISEASES IN WORKERS OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
E.R. Shaikhlislamova ◽  
E.T. Valeyeva ◽  
L.K. Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chemical Workers ◽  
Musculoskeletal Systems

Harmful factors of the work environment and work process of the manufacture of rubber and continuous optical fiber are related to increased prevalence of nervous and musculoskeletal diseases in chemical workers. The contact with solvents in glue workers contributes to a high prevalence of polyneuropathy of the upper extremities. Severity of the work process with Class 3.3 in spreading machine operators revealed increased prevalence of muscoloskeletal diseases (56,8 %). Raising arms over the shoulder girdle during the work shift causes the development of dorsophathies in almost one third of operators of the continuous optical fiber.

Clinical and hygienic evaluation of patients with occupational polyneuropathy of upper extremities

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-585
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Greben’Kov ◽  
N. Yu. Mal’Kova ◽  
E. V. Milutka ◽  
O. A. Kochetova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Comprehensive Examination

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of working conditions and the health status of patients with occupational polyneuropathy (PNP) of the upper limbs. Such a clinical and hygienic assessment of people with occupational PNP contributes to the optimal examination and treatment of patients with the preliminary diagnosis who are referred to occupational pathology centers.Material and methods. The study included 236 patients of two main occupations (painters-plasterers and miners): 113 women and 123 men. Results. The average age of patients at the time of the examination was: for painters-plasterers (women) - 55.5 ± 5.7 years, for miners (men) - 53.9 ± 6.3 years. Work experience of patients with physical overload at the time of diagnosis of occupational PNP accounted for plasterers - 25.1 ± 8.0 years, for miners - 20.4 ± 6.7 years. Working conditions of plasterers and miners were revealed to contribute to the development of occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal system from the effects of physical overload and functional overstrain of the muscles of the upper extremities. Most often occupational PNP of the upper limbs is accompanied by the parallel development of professional chronic shoulder-scapular periarthrosis, epicondylosis, myofibrosis of the forearms, and shoulder girdle (a complex of occupational pathology of the «working hand»); radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbosacral levels.Conclusions. The main common harmful factor in the examined patients is the severity of the labor process. In less than one-fourth of the examined patients (15,7%) occupational PNP of the upper limbs was the only occupational disease. In other cases, its development was accompanied by the appearance of other occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system and the musculoskeletal system. Patients referred to the examination in occupational pathology centers with a diagnosis of “PNP of the upper extremities” need a comprehensive examination to verify a possible complex of occupational pathology.

Working conditions and occupational risks of anterior eye pathology in metalworking machine operators

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
N. I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
M. A. Alborova ◽  
L. A. Davydenko ◽  
A. V. Belyaevа
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Visual Organ

Introduction. The profession of “machine operator in metalworking”, one of the most common professions in various industries, characterized by a large volume of abrasive operations, accompanied by dust formation, which creates a potential for the occurrence of diseases of the visual organ.The aim of the study is to provide a hygienic assessment of working conditions and occupational risk of visual organ pathology in metalworking machine operators.Materials and methods. Observation groups — machine operators for metalworking of two training groups (experience up to 5 years, experience of 6–20 years). Two comparison groups (administrative and technical personnel of the enterprise) are formed according to the same age-experience principle.Results. The working conditions of machine operators were classified as class 3.2. taking into account the severity and intensity of the work process and the noise level (80 dBA) in the workplace. Nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and manganese were registered in the air of the working area in concentrations below the permissible concentration (PC), and the aerosol dihydroxide was registered above the PC in 25.8% of cases. In the main working groups, diseases of the anterior segment of the eye were more often registered, among which dry eye syndrome (DYS) prevailed (94.1%), chronic blepharoconjunctivitis (79.9%), persistent corneal opacification (21.7%). There was an increase in the prevalence of detected diseases with an increase in work experience (p≤0.05). In machine operators, the frequency of inhibition of lacrimal formation and decreased stability of the tear film was recorded significantly more often, with increasing work experience, the degree of violation of lacrimal formation and stability of the tear film increased. The chances of detecting pathology of the anterior segment of the eye in machine operators are 5.9 and 3.5 times higher than in the comparison group. There are different forces of connection, increasing with the increase of work experience in the profession, between the working conditions of machine operators and the occurrence of SHG (relatively strong), with chronic blepharoconjunctivitis and persistent corneal opacity (medium strength), which suggests the professional conditionality of this pathology.Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that the pathology of the anterior segment of the eye is professionally conditioned in metalworking machine operators and necessitate the introduction of preventive measures aimed at protecting the visual organ.

scholarly journals Developing psyhological resistance of dentists when rendering medical services at the (MAI) Municipal autonomous institition «(DP) Dental Clinic No 12»

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Чернавский ◽  
A. Chernavskiy ◽  
И. Петров ◽  
I. Petrov ◽  
О. Белова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
System Type ◽  
Major Subject ◽  
Emotional Resistance

<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Psychological resistance of a doctor refers to the ability to keep normal function of mind under changing circumstances and/or under pressure when giving medical treatment. The said ability is not a genetically built-in one, but is to be developed it together with forming a doctor’s personality during his or her study and work process. Psychological and emotional resistance of a doctor depends on the nervous system type (a person’s temper and individual qualities), on his or her background, skills, professional quali cation level, social manners and the nature of work. It is vital to create conditions conducive to developing psychological resistance of a dentist rendering medical services in a medical organization such as creating creating optimal working conditions to reduce the stress level, creating psychological and organization comfort at the work place; increasing the autonomy of a dentist when dealing with a patient by making him or her more competent not only in the major subject but also in such allied subjects as clinical psychology and science of con icts, creating a positive socio-psychological climate within an by way of conducting trainings, teaching dentists to relax, to conduct auto-training. </span></p>

scholarly journals Digital Workers of the World Unite! A Framework for Critically Theorising and Analysing Digital Labour

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fuchs ◽  
Marisol Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
New Products ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Work Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Power ◽  
Mode Of Production

The overall task of this paper is to elaborate a typology of the forms of labour that are needed for the production, circulation and use of digital media. First, we introduce a cultural-materialist perspective on theorising digital labour. Second, we discuss the relevance of Marx’s concept of the mode of production for the analysis of digital labour. Third, we introduce a typology of the dimensions of working conditions. Fourth, based on the preceding sections we present a digital labour analysis toolbox. Finally, we draw some conclusions. We engage with the question what labour is, how it differs from work, which basic dimensions it has and how these dimensions can be used for defining digital labour. We introduce the theoretical notion of the mode of production as analytical tool for conceptualizing digital labour. Modes of production are dialectical units of relations of production and productive forces. Relations of production are the basic social relations that shape the economy. Productive forces are a combination of labour power, objects and instruments of work in a work process, in which new products are created. We have a deeper look at dimensions of the work process and the conditions under which it takes place. We present a typology that identifies dimensions of working conditions. It is a general typology that can be used for the analysis of any production process.

scholarly journals Klippel–Feil Syndrome with Sprengel Deformity and Extensive Upper Extremity Deformity: A Case Report and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Stelzer ◽  
Miguel A. Flores ◽  
Waleed Mohammad ◽  
Nathan Esplin ◽  
Jonathan J. Mayl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Congenital Deformity ◽  
Radiographic Imaging ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
Woodward Procedure ◽  
Associated Abnormalities

Introduction. Klippel–Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital anomaly resulting from fusion of cervical vertebral bodies secondary to the dysregulation of signaling pathways during somite development. It is commonly associated with scoliosis and Sprengel deformity. We present a case of KFS with commonly associated abnormalities as well as deformities that have not yet been reported in the literature. Case Presentation. A 3-year-old girl presented for further evaluation of a left upper extremity deformity following a negative genetic workup. Upon physical exam and radiographic imaging, the patient was diagnosed with KFS and associated abnormalities including cervical scoliosis, Sprengel deformity, and congenital deformity of the left upper extremity. Deformities of the left upper extremity include radioulnar synostosis, a four-rayed hand, and absent thenar musculature. The Sprengel deformity was corrected surgically with a Woodward procedure. Discussion. Congenital musculoskeletal deformities can be differentiated based upon spinal and limb embryology. The presence of extraspinal abnormalities not originating from somite differentiation may suggest a severe form of KFS. Important considerations in the workup of the KFS patient include looking for deformities of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities to identify abnormalities for intervention at a young age.

Towards a Modular and Wearable Support System for Industrial Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Weidner ◽  
Tobias Meyer ◽  
Andreas Argubi-Wollesen ◽  
Jens P. Wulfsberg
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
System Prototype ◽  
Head Level

Despite the increasing degree of automation many tasks are still performed manually, especially in production of individualized, sensitive or quality critical products. These tasks, e.g. tasks in or above head level, are often non ergonomic. Thus musculoskeletal diseases can occur. This paper presents a novel concept for a modular and wearable technical support system for reducing musculoskeletal stress. The support system which is based on the approach of Human Hybrid Robot (HHR) can be adapted easily to different users and activities. The system emphasizes on modularity and the use of soft materials for kinematic elements and interfaces in order to gain higher flexibility and increased human safety. The basic idea can be applied to various applications. The focus lies on a functional support system prototype for upper extremities. It comprises a Human-Machine-Interface using a vest equipped with soft kinematic elements as well as a control unit. Moreover, results from a biomechanical case study will be illustrated in order to confirm the ergonomic improvements, especially the comparison of the range of motion and the musculoskeletal stress during tasks.

scholarly journals WORKING CONDITIONS FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE ENTERPRISE OF WOODWORKING INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Petrova ◽  
V. S. Panshina ◽  
A. P. Figurovsky ◽  
I. O. Topanov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Finish Line ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Spray Booth ◽  
Machine Operator

The hygienic assessment of working conditions at the modern furniture company showed such conditions at main work places are referred to the third class of the first and second degrees of the hazard and danger. The most adverse working conditions (3 class, 2 degree) are typical for operators of woodworking machines, machine operator in a spray booth for the edges of the sorter-stacker at the discharge conveyor line trim boards and spray the frames, the sorter-stacker at the feed conveyor panels of finish line rollers. Man-made noise, low lightness of working places, and the hardness of the labor process are most harmful occupational factors. Implementation of paint operations on processing of furniture components is further accompanied by the air pollution of the working area by chemicals and exposure of the body of the worker to the heating microclimate of radiation-convection type. Most of workplaces are characterized by summing the classes of working conditions on a number of factors. It indicates to their complex impact on the body of the worker. The assessment of the risk of occupational hearing loss showed the most probability of its development in machine operators and packers.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk in petrochemical workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
Zulfiya F. Gimaeva ◽  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
V. A. Kaptsov ◽  
L. K. Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Introduction. The high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system of workers in various sectors of the economy, the lack of data on the effects of harmful production factors on the formation of cardiovascular diseases in petrochemical industry workers justify the importance of conducting special studies on these petrochemical complex plants with the aim of assessing cardiovascular risk with the subsequent development of preventive measures. Material and methods. The objects of the study were workers in the production of monomers (ethylene, propylene, ethylbenzene, isoprene, divinyl) of petrochemical enterprises. Hygienic studies of the working conditions of workers included an assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labor process using generally accepted methods. Comprehensive clinical examination of workers included periodic examinations (n = 2634) with calculation of total and relative cardiovascular risk using the SCORE system, using questionnaire data, a Reeder L questionnaire and an in-depth clinical diagnostic medical examination (n = 101) with the definition total cardiovascular risk. Results. The most significant occupational factors of the labor process for workers in the main profession - panmen were established to include the combination of a chemical factor with the occupational noise and labor intensity, with an overall assessment of working conditions 3.2. The class of working conditions of workers of the comparison group (locksmith in instrumentation and automation corresponds to the permissible). There were revealed a high prevalence of arterial hypertension and other factors of cardiovascular risk. A higher dependence of the arterial hypertension level on age and length of service in the group of panmen was established when compared to the mechanicians of instrumentation and automation. Using mathematical models of multiple regression, the likely dynamics of the level of arterial hypertension and the left ventricular myocardial mass index were calculated under the influence of increasing age and other risk predictors. Conclusion. The results of a clinical study showed workers with severe arterial hypertension, a high and very high risk of death from cardiovascular disease on the SCORE scale, a high and very high overall cardiovascular risk, signs of dyslipidemia, obesity, high stress levels to require close attention. It is important to timely diagnose lesions of target organs, to conduct rational prevention aimed at reducing risk factors. According to the results of the study, there were developed preventive measures aimed at reducing cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular risk, prolonging the longevity of workers in petrochemical industries.

scholarly journals INTELLIGENT SOLUTIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN BALING MACHINES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Kokunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Forage Harvester

The article shows the role of digital machine technologies used in feed production. The analysis of intelligent solutions used in the designs of modern balers from the world's leading manufacturers of agricultural machinery is carried out. It is noted that electronic systems not only perform information functions during the operation of forage harvesters, but also provide control over the operation of both individual assemblies and systems of balers, and the entire machine-tractor unit. Digital technologies make it possible to optimize the operation of the forage harvester, improve the quality of harvested forage, reduce environmental risks, improve the working conditions of machine operators, as well as increase the attractiveness and prestige of agricultural professions, and attract promising young personnel to agricultural production.

scholarly journals Aspectos que Determinam as Doenças Osteomusculares em Profissionais de Enfermagem e seus Impactos Psicossociais

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cotian Oliveira ◽  
Rogério José de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
De Se ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Nursing Professionals

As doenças osteomusculares já se configuram como um dos grandes problemas que afligem a saúde ocupacional do enfermeiro. Objetivo foi analisar os determinantes, que contribuem para o aparecimento de doenças osteomusculares em profissionais da enfermagem e seus impactos psicossociais. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura optando-se por privilegiar periódicos de indexação científica com pesquisas nos Periódicos Capes, PubMed e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, cuja amostra final foi de 18 artigos. Foram analisadas duas categorias do fenômeno: aspectos determinantes de doenças osteomusculares em profissionais da enfermagem; e impactos psicossociais das doenças osteomusculares na vida dos trabalhadores em enfermagem. Constatou-se que os determinantes para o surgimento de doenças osteomusculares estão relacionados à postura, ao esforço físico e aos fatores ambientais. O déficit de profissionais, turnos prolongados e condições inadequadas de trabalhocontribuem para o aparecimento destes agravos. Os aspectos psicossociais se relacionam com sentimento de tristeza e insatisfação, tanto pela capacidade de trabalho diminuída, quanto pela ineficácia dos tratamentos realizados. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de se buscar melhorias, nas condições de trabalho em enfermagem, com vistas a diminuir o risco de desenvolvimento de distúrbios osteomusculares.Palavras-chave: Enfermagem. Osteomuscular. Saúde Ocupacional. Trabalho.AbstractThe musculoskeletal diseases are already one of the major problems afflicting occupational health nurse. Objective: to analyze the determinants that contribute to the onset of musculoskeletal disorders in nursing professionals and their psychosocial impact. Method: this is an integrative literature review opting for privileging scientific indexing journals with research in the CAPES Journals, PubMed and Virtual Health Library, whose final sample was 18 articles. Two phenomena categories were analyzed: key aspects of musculoskeletal disorders in nursing professionals; and psychological impact of musculoskeletal disorders in the nursing workers’ lives. It was found that the determinants for the emergence of musculoskeletal diseases are related to posture, physical exertion and environmental factors. The deficit of professionals, extended shifts and inadequate working conditions contribute to the onset of these diseases. Psychosocial aspects relate to feelings of sadness and dissatisfaction both regarding the decreased working capacity andthe treatments ineffectiveness. It was highlighted the need to seek improvements in working conditions in nursing, in order to reduce the musculoskeletal disorders risk.Keywords: Nursing. Musculoskeletal. Occupational Health. Work.

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