The Policy of the Dutch Government Towards Islam in Indonesia

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-94
Author(s):  
Ismail Hakki Goksoy
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Indian Company ◽  
The People ◽  
Muslim People ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This paper aims to examine the policy of the Dutch colonial government towards Islam in Indonesia, especially during the period of 1945-49 in which the lndonesians struggled for their independence from the Dutch. However, the attitudes of the Dutch East Indian Company towards the Indonesian Muslims in the 17th and 18th centuries and that of the Dutch colonial gov­ernment in later periods were also included in order to indicate the changes in policy. The government's policy towards Islam during the indepen­dence period was determined largely by its immediate aim to gain the support of the Muslim people for the reestablishment of the Dutch rule in fndonesia after the war. Therefore, the Dutch authorities in Jakarta tried to show a tolerant attitude towards the Muslim leaders, especially the ulama who had great influence upon the people, and they were inclined to give them more help in religious, social and educational fields, but without endangering the principle of the separation of religion and politics. In this respect, the attempts to establish close con­tact with the Muslim leaders and their organizations as well as the stimulation of ulama conferences and establishment of regional Islamic councils were discussed in detail. Based largely on the archival materials, the paper concludes that the Dutch needed to pursue a liberal policy after 1945 in contrast to a neu­tral one in previous times.

scholarly journals The Moving of Seaport from Labuhan Deli to Belawan in the Period of 1863-1942

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 3308-3313
Author(s):  
Suprayitno Suprayitno ◽  
Ratna Ratna ◽  
Rohani Rohani ◽  
Ganie Ganie ◽  
Handoko Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Maritime History ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Plantation economic growth has the impact on development in various aspects. One of them is shipping and trade development. Before the existence of plantations in East Sumatera, shipping and trade in Medan were centered at Labuhan Deli as a river-port. Since big ships could not sail on the river, it was considered not effective and efficient anymore. Therefore, the Dutch   Colonial Government planned to build a seaport located on the sea coast so that loading and unloading would be easy to do, and they selected Belawan to be the new seaport. The research problems were how about the existence of Labuhan Deli by the policy of the Dutch Government on moving the seaport to Belawan and what was their reason for it, and how about shipping and trade business in Belawan. This research used archives and other writing materials from the period of the Dutch Colonial Government in Medan and used historical method. The objective of the research was to find out whether plantation economic condition could change various aspects, including shipping and trade at the time. The result of this research was expected to become the reference for the writing on advanced maritime history, particularly on seaport. 

scholarly journals HEGEMONY OF DUTCH COLONIAL GOVERNMENT AGAINST THE EXISTENCE OF MINANGKABAU ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS WITH ARABIC-MALAY

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Yona Primadesi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Education System ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Manuscripts ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Dutch Colonial

HEGEMONI PEMERINTAH KOLONIAL BELANDA TERHADAP KEBERADAAN NASKAH-NASKAH KUNO MINANGKABAU BERAKSARA ARAB-MELAYUAbstractFar before the Netherland colonial came to Indonesia, Indonesian people is a very eductead people. Proves with the development of traditional education that use local font in the whole country, on of them is Minangkabau. Local font of Minangkabau is the adaptation of Arabian font along with the culture of the people there that is brought by the Arabia merchants, and well known with Arab-Melayu font or Arab without marker. Arab-Melayu font is thaught in the traditional Minangkabau education system through mosque. Besides, Arab-Melayu fontis the background of toward the existence of some texts which contains the value of life of Miangkabau people at that time. However, the existence of Arab-Melayu font try to move, especially when the Netherland colonial try to authorize by introducing latin font to Minangkabau people. The hegemony of latin font cause the degradation of Arab-Melayu font, that implicates to the dissapear of some texts like some scripts or memory that is saved in the old Minangkabau people’s mind. Other than that, the hegemony of politics that is offered by The Netherland’s government caused many Minangkabau scripts become not appropriate to be published and also most of the scripts is voluntary given to the Netherland’s government or as a gift. Key Words: Minangkabau scripts, The Netherland’s colonial, hegemony, local fontAbstrakJauh sebelum penjajah Belanda datang ke Indonesia, orang Indonesia adalah orang yang sangat edukatif. Terbukti dengan berkembangnya pendidikan tradisional yang menggunakan aksara lokal di seluruh negeri, di antaranya adalah Minangkabau. Aksara lokal Minangkabau adalah adaptasi dari aksara Arab bersama dengan budaya orang-orang di sana yang dibawa oleh para pedagang Arabia, dan terkenal dengan aksara Arab-Melayu atau Arab gundul. Aksara Arab-Melayu masuk dalam sistem pendidikan tradisional Minangkabau melalui masjid. Selain itu, aksara Arab-Melayu merupakan latar belakang adanya beberapa teks yang berisi nilai kehidupan orang-orang Minangkabau saat itu. Namun, keberadaan aksara Arab-Melayu mencoba terdesak, terutama saat penjajah Belanda mengenalkan aksara latin kepada masyarakat Minangkabau. Hegemoni aksara latin menyebabkan degradasi aksara Arab-Melayu, yang berimplikasi pada menghilangnya beberapa teks seperti beberapa skrip atau memori yang tersimpan dalam pikiran orang Minangkabau tua. Selain itu, hegemoni politik yang ditawarkan oleh pemerintah Belanda menyebabkan banyak naskah Minangkabau tidak sesuai untuk diterbitkan dan juga sebagian besar skripnya secara sukarela diberikan kepada pemerintah Belanda atau sebagai hadiah.Kata kunci: Skrip Minangkabau, hegemoni kolonial Belanda, aksara lokal

scholarly journals War of Ngali Toward Dutch Colonialism in Bima

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Sukarddin Sukarddin ◽  
Akhamad Ari Musaded ◽  
Suryo Ediyono
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The People ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dutch Colonial ◽  
Dutch Colonialism

Sultanate of Bima has been bound by government of Dutch colonial with Lange Contract agreement (long contract), occurred in 1908-1909 That the Sultanate of Bima is a very strategic area. These conditions caused the VOC and the government of Dutch to seek intervention through the Lange Contract agreement (long contract) which has led to the entry of the Sultanate of Bima in the Pax Neerlandica neighborhood. War of Ngali occurred for several reasons namely 1) Feelings of dissatisfaction with the actions of the Dutch government which impose various tax rules in the Sultanate of Bima. 2) The Sultanate of Bima as part of the Dutch East Indies sovereignty was seized by a Lange Contract agreement in 1908. 3) Customary law and Islamic law were replaced by Dutch law. 4) The head or belasting duty system is denied and punished for taxing the unbelievers. The conclusion in this study is that people of Ngali against the government of Dutch colonial because they wanted to control the entire Milky, the resistance made by people Ngalisolely to maintain the customs, religions, and independence owned by the people of Bima.

http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/196

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Ayaz Ahmad Rind ◽  
◽  
Sohail Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Political Position ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Contribution ◽  
Colonial Government

Sufi poetry have great influence on the lives of the people of Punjab in Pakistan and among the several important Sufis are famous due to their literary services which they have contributed in the reconstruction of the society. In South Punjab, from Dera Ghazi Khan Division one of the famous Sufi poets is Khawaja Ghulam Farid. His Shire is located at Kot Mithan. Khawaja Fareed is considered important mystic Saraiki poet of South Punjab. His poetry provided oxygen to the society and source of inspiration. The teachings of Khawaja Farid guided the people of the region during colonial Period. He was great critic of Colonial Government and he highlighted the worst aspects superstitious of colonial system. He tried his best to awaken the people through his poetry۔. So that the social and political position of the people can be improved by giving them awareness and they can be saved from humiliating slavery. Although he had mastery of languages as called a poet of seven languages but he is famous for Saraiki poetry and many scholars called him “Ghalib of Saraiki Language’” This research paper covers his socio-political contribution and literary services through Saraiki Poetry for the society during colonial era.

From Self-Defense to an Instrument of War: Dutch Privateering Around the Malay Peninsula in the Early Seventeenth Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Borschberg
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Indian Company ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
Company Directors

Abstract This article examines the transition of the Dutch East Indian Company (VOC) from a policy of self-defense into its full espousal of large-scale privateering and plundering. I argue that this shift was driven by both economic and political factors, and can be traced to the very formation of the Company as a unified trading venture. The taking of prizes became a cornerstone not only of the economic fortunes of the company, but the establishment of the Dutch colonial empire in Asia. Of particular interest is not only the instructions emanating from the company directors and the Dutch government in the metropolis, but especially the implementation and adaptation of these directives on the ground. It is this local context that adds a crucial dimension to interpretations of the eager espousal of maritime violence by the VOC and its agents in Asian waters.

scholarly journals Power Over Sexuality in Joss Wibisono’s Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Evelin Giovani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Anxiety And Fear ◽  
Dutch Colonial

<em>This research is aimed to describe the power of sexuality in Joss Wibisono's Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte short story using Foucault's concept of power juridic-discursive which investigates the negative relation rulers toward homosexual and assertively power some rules by creating a cycle of prohibition, censorship, and uniformity of the apparatus. This research was conducted by using qualitative research techniques that analyzed the short story Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte by Joss Wibisono through a post-structural approach. Data is obtained through hermeneutic reading. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that in this short story the power over sexuality was regulated by the Dutch colonial government through the implantation of inferior idea on the values and culture of Bumiputra; the sexuality policymaking that applies to the people of Bumiputra; the creation of discomfort, anxiety, and fear of discuss about homosexuality; and the uniformity of Dutch colonial values over its colonies. The relation between text and actualization in society is the force of power over sexuality that has been going on for a long time and also influenced by the Dutch colonial government’s point of view over homosexual.</em>

scholarly journals Konstelasi Politik Pasca Perang Ngali di Bima

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Sukarddin Sukarddin ◽  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Faujiah Faujiah
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
The People ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Sultanate of Bima faces various challenges, especially in the economic and political fields of government. Trade freedom had been the main pillar of the economy, threatened by the Dutch trade monopoly. Sovereignty and territorial integrity are threatened by the " Lange Contract " ( long contract ) which was imposed by the Dutch colonial government . The agreement " Lange Contract " ( long contract ) with the Netherlands has made people's anger overflowed. Anger was manifested by the resistance of the people of N g Ali against occupation of the Netherlands in the years 1908-1909. The purpose of writing this is to examine more deeply about the background behind the constellation of politics in the Sultanate of Bima so that the P groaned Ngali , and the impact of P groaned Ngali.

scholarly journals Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Surulangun Pasca Menjadi ibukota Onder Adeling Rawas Tahun 1901-1942

Diakronika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Susilo ◽  
Sarkowi Sarkowi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Major Event ◽  
Status Change ◽  
Trading System ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Economic Standpoint ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The event of the conquest of the Palembang Sultanate from the Dutch Colonial nation became a major event. As a large Islamic Sultanate in the archipelago until finally after going through several phases of war must be subdued and accept the defeat agreement from the Netherlands. After mastering the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate, the Dutch Colonial government changed the order of the Sultanate's administration into an Palembang Residency. Of course the status change also affects the area below. This was done by the Dutch colonial government in an effort to regulate a democratic government system in order to support its policies. The Surulangun Rawas area is an area that previously belonged to the Palembang Sultanate, but after coming to power the Dutch Colonial government raised the status of Surulangun Rawas to become the capital of Onder Adeling Rawas. Surulangun became the capital of Onder Adeling Rawas making this area more lively and crowded, because it became the center of the Dutch Colonial government. In the social environment there are many newcomers to this area, not only the Colonial community, but also residents from other regions outside the Surulangun Rawas area. Then pluralism appears in this region. From an economic standpoint, after Surulangun became the capital of Onder Afdeling Rawas, many people were introduced to various new agricultural systems. Many new plants such as rubber, oil palm began to be planted by the people of Surulangun as supporting the export life of the Dutch Colonial government. In the trading system it was also more alive, where the Rawas river was traversed and visited by traders from various regions around Rawas and beyond Rawas.

scholarly journals Jama’ah Rifa`iyah: From Radicalism to Indonesian Islamic Fundamentalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit Atamimi ◽  
Mulyana Mulyana ◽  
Siti Nurhasanah
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The Rifa`iyah Jama'ah is one of the Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia founded by Kiai Ahmad Rifa` I who seems to have disappeared from circulation because of the views handed down from the days of the Dutch colonial administration, that this group or teachings were heretical and opposed to more ulama moderate against the Netherlands. The purpose of this article is to find out the movements and teachings of the Raifa`iyah Jama'ah which are considered by some to be radical, and exclusivist organizations, but over time the Rifa`iyah congregation becomes a more lenient fundamentalist organization towards the government as an effort of existence organization to be accepted by the Indonesian people in general and not be considered a radical and heretical organization by the wider community. This research is library research. This study found three main findings that the teachings and political thought of KiaiRifa'i focused on three things: first, the Dutch colonial government was Kafir, and it was haram to be followed because it was oppressing the people. Secondly, the traditional bureaucrats, including the princes and ulemas who collaborated with the Dutch, were Dutch accomplices and they were wicked. Third, the practice of religion must not be mixed with the beliefs of the ancestors, which are considered heretical and polytheistic. Of course, such teachings were considered very dangerous by the Dutch. So on May 15, 1859, he was arrested and then exiled to Ambon, Maluku. Ten years in Ambon, he was moved to Sulawesi until he died in 1869. He was buried in the Kyai Mojo tomb complex, on a hill about one km from Kampung Jawa Tondano, Minahasa, Manado, North Sulawesi. 

scholarly journals PANASNYA MATAHARI TERBIT DERITA RAKYAT SUKABUMI PADA MASA PENDUDUKAN JEPANG 1942-1945

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Sulasman .
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Religious Symbols ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The People ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Dutch Colonial

AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan menggambarkan penderitaan rakyat Sukabumi masa Pendudukan Jepang. Untuk merekonstruksi peristiwa itu digunakan metode sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada awal kedatangannya, tentara Jepang disambut dengan antusias oleh masyarakat Sukabumi. Dengan harapan mereka dapat membebaskan belenggu dari penjajahan Belanda. Banyak tokoh di Sukabumi yang membantu proses pengambilalihan kekuasaan dari tangan Belanda ke Pemerintah Pendudukan Jepang. Ternyata harapan itu tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan. Kebijakan-kebijakannya banyak merugikan bangsa Indonesia. Kebijakannya lebih menekannkan ke arah bagaimana Bangsa Indonesia bisa membantu kepentingannya untuk menjadi imperium baru menggantikan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda. Pemerintah Pendudukan Jepang telah menggunakan simbol-simbol agama, seperti ulama dan kiai sebagai alat propaganda untuk mendukung program ekonomi perangnya. Ulama dan kiai dididik melalui Program Pendidikan Kader Ulama. Setelah mereka mengikuti pendidikan, diwajibkan menjadi propagandis Pemerintah Pendudukan Jepang dalam program wajib serah padi dan romusha. Kebijakan Pemerintahan Pendudukan Jepang yang melibatkan tokoh tokoh ulama telah menempatkan posisi ulama dan kiai yang tadinya terhormat menjadi tidak terhormat, karena mereka dianggap terlibat dalam peristiwa yang membuat masyarakat Sukabumi mengalami penderitaan. Masyarakat Sukabumi jatuh dalam kemiskinan dan penderitaan ekonomi secara sistematis. Kehidupan masyarakat Sukabumi di bawah Pemerintahan Pendudukan Jepang mengalami penderitaan lahir dan batin. AbstractThis text aims to describe the Sukabumi’s people sufferings at the time of Japanese occupation in Indonesia. For reconstructing the event, it uses the historical method which includes Heuristics, Critics, Interpretation, and Historiography. The result of this study shows that at the beginning of its arrival, the Japanese Troops was enthusiastically welcomed by the Sukabumi’s people. They hoped that the troops can free the people from the Dutch imperialism. There were many figures from Sukabumi who helped the Japanese troops to take over the power from Dutch. In fact, that hope was not realized. The Japanese policies were disadvantageous for Indonesian people. Those policies were emphasized more on how the Indonesian people help the Japanese tobecome the new imperium which substitute the Dutch Colonial Government. The Japanese troops had used the religious symbols such as the scholars and the Kiai as a tool of propaganda to support their economic war program. The scholars and Kiai were trained through The Scholar Cadre Training Program. After trained, they should become the Japanese propagandists in order to tell and ask people to join the paddy grain sharing program and also romusha program. The Japanese policies that involved the scholar figures had replaced the scholars’ and Kiais’ position from the honoured one to become the dishonoured one. It was because they were assumed to be responsible for the Sukabumi’s people suffering. The Sukabumi’s people suffered from the poverty and also suffered from the systematically economic decreasing. The Sukabumi’s people life was physically and psychologically suffering under the Japanese occupation.

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