scholarly journals ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENT IN BIOENERGETIC CULTURE GROWING IN THE ZONES OF FOREST OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Humentyk ◽  
Yuriy Hayda ◽  
Yaroslav Fuchylo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Energy Plantations ◽  
State Programs

Introduction. One of the most promising areas of renewable energy development is the use of biomass energy. It contributes to the economy of traditional fuels and does not increase the global greenhouse effect. However, insufficient economic efficiency of obtaining energy from biomass under the current conditions necessitates the state's "paternalism" to the bioenergy industry. Purpose. The article aims to carry out an economic assessment of the effectiveness of investing in the cultivation of highly productive energy crops (giant miscanthus and energy willow) using modern technologies under the conditions of the Ukrainian forest-steppe. Method. The research was conducted during 2012-2016 on the basis of experimental energy plantations in Ternopil, Volyn and Kyiv oblasts. The assessment of the effectiveness of investment in bioenergy crops is based on a set of criteria: net discounted profit (NPV), investment profitability index (PI), internal rate of return (IRR), discounted payback period (DPP). Results. It has been established that on plantations of willow, the volume of dry biomass on average over the five-year period of research amounted to 27,3 t · ha-1, and to the miscanthus - 25,3 t · ha-1. Accordingly, the energy output per unit area was somewhat higher in energy willow (573.3 GJ · ha-1 versus 516.2 GJ · ha-1). Willow and miscanthus are characterized by high-energy coefficients compared with other bioenergy crops, which can reach values 54.3 and 55. It indicates the significant energy efficiency of investing in the cultivation of these crops. The analysis of the sensitivity of bioenergy projects has found out that the most significant NPV investment in the plantation of the miscanthus can be influenced by the volatility of the productivity of the crop, the price of biofuels and planting material, and for the willow plantation - fluctuations in the yield of biomass, its price and discount rate. The estimation of the investment efficiency in the bio-energy plantations of the miscanthus and willows has revealed the need to work out state programs of financial support for the creation of plantations of bioenergy crops and legislative mechanisms for their implementation.

scholarly journals Celery-derived porous carbon materials for superior performance supercapacitor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirui Liu ◽  
Ya ping Xu ◽  
Jinggao Wu ◽  
Jing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials ◽  
Long Cycle Life ◽  
Sustainable Materials

Supercapacitors are of paramount importance for next-generation applications, demonstrating high energy output, an ultra-long cycle life and utilizing green and sustainable materials. Herein, we utilize celery, a common biomass from...

scholarly journals Impacts of Long- and Short-Term of Irrigation with Treated Wastewater and Synthetic Fertilizers on the Growth, Biomass, Heavy Metal Content, and Energy Traits of Three Potential Bioenergy Crops in Arid Regions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3037
Author(s):  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Nasser Al-Suhaibani ◽  
Salah El-Hendawy ◽  
Kamel Abdella ◽  
Majed Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
The Impact

The availability of suitable water is an important factor for increasing the cultivated areas and sustainability in arid (i.e., less than 200 mm precipitation per year) and semiarid regions (i.e., 200–700 mm precipitation per year). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of treated wastewater (TWW) and groundwater (GW) as well as synthetic fertilizers (50% and 100% of the recommended NPK dose; 150–150–60 kg N–P2O5–K2O ha−1) on the growth, biomass, energy traits, and macro and trace elements of maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L) grown in old cultivated (first location; L1) and virgin soil (L2 and L3) as potential bioenergy crops. The soil in L1 has been irrigated with treated wastewater for the last 15 years and continued to be irrigated with treated wastewater in this investigation. The virgin soil was divided into two parts: the first part was irrigated with TWW, and the second part was irrigated with GW. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot with a randomized complete block design with water treatments (TWW in old and virgin soil, and GW in virgin soil) in main plots, and the two treatments of fertilization (50% and 100% of the recommended NPK dose) were distributed randomly in subplots. Compared with the crops irrigated with GW, the crops irrigated with TWW, whether grown on old or virgin soil, showed higher plant height, total chlorophyll content, leaf area per plant, total biomass, energy content, and gross energy with low ash. They also contained higher (but lower than permissible limits) concentrations of macro-elements (NPK) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Co). In addition, the application of a 50% recommended dose of NPK with TWW showed equivalent results to a 100% recommended dose of NPK on all measured parameters with few exceptions. In conclusion, the TWW can be used to irrigate field crops allocated for bioenergy production in arid regions because it does not harm the plants and environment. In addition, the 50% recommended dose of NPK fertilizer exerted no negative effects on the growth and energy production of field crops, thereby protecting the environment and reducing the leaching of excessive fertilizers into GW.

Measuring Biomass Energy Flows of a Rural Energy Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1388-1393
Author(s):  
Xing Long Xie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Rural Energy ◽  
Geometry Model ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Energy Engineering

Energy consumption in the Chinese rural areas features massive use of low-grade energy commodities and the distempered structure of exorbitant leaning on biomass energy. This has provoked an increasingly exacerbating environment and exerted a depressing effect on agriculturally sustainable development. Pilot energy engineering practices of efficient utilization environment improvement have seen a surge on a vast extent of rural lands. As a typical engineering of energy resources for methane production, the four-dimension-inone-geometry model concerning ecological agriculture has triggered scholarly attention. The aim of this study is to deal with energy flows in this system whereby to put forward measures for its upgrading and ultimately offer policies for rural energy development and use. First, the study depicts the models structure and working process, and the methodology of estimating its energy flows. Next, taking a three member household as an example, the study estimates the quantity in its energy flows, finding that the whole system imports 1,195,102 MJ of energy and generates 35,728MJ, with 47.3% yielded by the breeding system, 32.1% by the anaerobic fermentation system, and 20.6% by the planting system. Comparatively, this model has neither achieved the artificially auxiliary energy-output ratio of 2.4:1, a criterion for high yield, nor reached the national high output standard of 38.1GJ/hm2 in inorganic energy investment and the height of 124.3 GJ/hm2 of farmland energy input in the bio-energy zones of good harvest. On this ground, this study presents countermeasures to further improve the models energy efficiency and strategies related to rural energy development. Those suggestions might apply to other rural areas.

scholarly journals Ground-based “Pot-in-Pot” system and its effectiveness in growing Thuja occidentalis “Smaragd” planting material in a nursery

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
A N Tseplyaev ◽  
A A Tseplyaeva
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Favorable Temperature ◽  
Intensive Growth

Abstract For the sparsely wooded regions of Russia, and in particular, the Central forest-steppe, new technologies for growing seedlings and seedlings of tree species are extremely important. It provids rapid growth and high survival rate, which is compared to classic technologies. The purpose of our experiment was to establish the effect of temperature screens from pots of various sizes on the temperature in the root zone of the substrate, and, as a consequence, on the growth and productivity of Thuja occidentalis “Smaragd” in plastic pots for three seasons. The most favorable temperature conditions for plants are formed in large pots, which is facilitated by smooth temperature drops in the substrate and a large area of contact between the substrate and the root system. Agrotechnical methods of growing plants have shown the main advantages of “Pot-in-Pot” technology. This is accelerated plant growth due to more efficient use of water and fertilizers on a specially prepared substrate under conditions of minimal temperature fluctuations. Plants, especially large ones, will have a favorable presentation due to better leafing, a well-developed crown, and a large crown diameter. High safety during wintering also increases the efficiency of the technology providing a higher yield and subsequent more intensive growth.

scholarly journals Assessment of Wind Characteristics and Wind Power Potential of Gharo, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zahid Hussain Hulio
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Wind Characteristics

The objective of this research work is to assess the wind characteristics and wind power potential of Gharo site. The wind parameters of the site have been used to calculate the wind power density, annual energy yield, and capacity factors at 10, 30, and 50 m. The wind frequency distribution including seasonal as well as percentage of seasonal frequency distribution has been investigated to determine accurately the wind power of the site. The coefficient of variation is calculated at three different heights. Also, economic assessment per kWh of energy has been carried out. The site-specific annual mean wind speeds were 6.89, 5.85, and 3.85 m/s at 50, 30, and 10 m heights with corresponding standard deviations of 2.946, 2.489, and 2.040. The mean values of the Weibull k parameter are estimated as 2.946, 2.489, and 2.040 while those of scale parameter are estimated as 7.634, 6.465, and 4.180 m/s at 50, 30, and 10 m, respectively. The respective mean wind power and energy density values are found to be 118.3, 92.20, and 46.10 W/m2 and 1036.6, 807.90, and 402.60 kWh/m2. As per cost estimation of wind turbines, the wind turbine WT-C has the lowest cost of US$ Cents 0.0346/kWh and highest capacity factors of 0.3278 (32.78%). Wind turbine WT-C is recommended for this site for the wind farm deployment due to high energy generation and minimum price of energy. The results show the appropriateness of the methodology for assessing the wind speed and economic assessment at the lowest price of energy.

Quasi regenerative amplifier of high energy output

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 51002
Author(s):  
邓青华 Deng Qinghua ◽  
高松 Gao Song ◽  
傅学军 Fu Xuejun ◽  
唐军 Tang Jun ◽  
谢旭东 Xie Xudong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Regenerative Amplifier

scholarly journals Technological Innovation in Biomass Energy for the Sustainable Growth of Textile Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel Nunes ◽  
Radu Godina ◽  
João Matias
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Steam Generation

The growing increase in world energy consumption favors the search for renewable energy sources. One of the existing options for the growth and sustainable development of such types of sources is through the use of biomass as an input. The employment of biomass as solid fuel is widely studied and is no longer a novelty nor presents any difficulty from the technical point of view. It presents, however, logistic obstacles, thus not allowing their direct dissemination in every organization that is willing to replace it as an energy source. Use of biomass can be rewarding due to the fact that it can bring significant economic gains attained due to the steadiness of the biomass price in Portugal. However, the price may rise as predicted in the coming years, although it will be a gradual rising. The main goal of this study was to analyze whether biomass in the case of the Portuguese textile industry can be a viable alternative that separates the possibility of sustainable growth from the lack of competitiveness due to high energy costs. The study showed that biomass can be a reliable, sustainable and permanent energy alternative to more traditional energy sources such as propane gas, naphtha and natural gas for the textile industry. At the same time, it can bring savings of 35% in energy costs related to steam generation. Also, with new technology systems related to the Internet of Things, a better on-time aware of needs, energy production and logistic chain information will be possible.

scholarly journals Investigation of Non-Isothermal Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters for the Pyrolysis of Different Date Palm Parts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6553
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Galiwango ◽  
Ali H. Al-Marzuoqi ◽  
Abbas A. Khaleel ◽  
Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Isothermal Kinetics ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Average Percentage

Using the thermalgravimetric technique, we investigated the non-isothermal combustion kinetics of abundant and low-cost date palm wastes (leaflet, rachis, fibers, and their composite) as potential biomass energy sources. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined by Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger–Akahila–Sunose (KAS), and Starink methods. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed a major peak for the degradation of volatiles between 127–138 °C with average percentage mass loss of 68.04 ± 1.5, 65.57 ± 0.6, 62.97 ± 5.5, and 59.26 ± 3.2, for rachis, composite, leaflet, and fibers, respectively. The FWO model showed the lowest activation energy, Eα, of 157 ± 25.6, 158 ± 25.7, 164 ± 40.1, and 169 ± 51.8 kJ mol−1 for the composite, rachis, leaflet, and fibers, respectively. The positive enthalpy values confirmed an endothermic pyrolysis reaction. For all models, a minimal difference of 4.40, 5.57, 6.55, and 7.51 kJ mol−1 between activation energy and enthalpy for rachis, fibers, composite, and leaflet ensued, respectively. The KAS model was best suited to describe chemical equilibrium with average ΔG values of 90.3 ± 28.8, 99.3 ± 34.9, 178.9 ± 27.3, and 186.5 ± 38.2 kJ mol−1 for rachis, fibers, composite, and leaflet, respectively. The reaction mechanism by the Malek and Popescu methods was ((g(α)=[−ln(1−α)]14) across the conversion range of 0.1–0.9 for all heating rates. The high energy content and volatile matter combined with low energy barriers make date palm waste a potential candidate in a biorefinery.

Artificial electrode interfaces enable stable operation of freestanding anodes for high-performance flexible lithium ion batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 14097-14107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Liu ◽  
Minshen Zhu ◽  
Shaozhuan Huang ◽  
Xueyi Lu ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Stable Operation

Artificial electrode interfaces enable stable operation of freestanding electrodes with high energy output and mechanical robustness.

scholarly journals Energy Value of Yield and Biomass Quality of Poplar Grown in Two Consecutive 4-Year Harvest Rotations in the North-East of Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski ◽  
Kazimierz Warmiński ◽  
Michał Krzyżaniak
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Biomass Quality ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Low Levels

Bioenergy accounts for 61.7% of all renewable energy sources, with solid fuels accounting for 43% of this amount. Poplar plantations can deliver woody biomass for energy purposes. A field experiment with poplar was located in the north-east of Poland on good quality soil formed from medium loam. The study aimed to determine the yield, the energy value of the yield and the thermophysical properties and elemental composition of the biomass of four poplar clones harvested in two consecutive 4-year harvest rotations. The highest biomass energy value was determined in the UWM 2 clone in the second harvest rotation (231 GJ ha−1·year−1). This value was 27–47% lower for the other clones. The biomass quality showed that poplar wood contained high levels of moisture and low levels of ash, sulphur, nitrogen and chlorine. This indicates that poplar can be grown in the north-east of Poland and that it gives a yield with a high energy value and beneficial biomass properties from the energy generation perspective.

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