scholarly journals PENGARUH ORALIT WHO TERHADAP KADAR NATRIUM DAN KALIUM PLASMA PADA ANAK DIARE AKUT DENGAN DEHIDRASI

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Jacobs ◽  
Jeanette I.Ch. Manoppo ◽  
Sarah Warouw

Abstract: Acute diarrhea causes loss of large amounts of water and electrolytes especially sodium and potassium, which if not replaced can cause dehydration. In 2006, WHO recommended ORS with osmolarity 245 mmol/l as the administration of acute diarrhea with mild to moderate dehydration. The research objective is to determine the effect of WHO ORS to plasma sodium and potassium levels in children with acute diarrheal dehydration.Pre-experimental study with pre-post test approach absence of a control group, was conducted from  November, 2012 until January, 2013 at Pediatric section RSUP.Prof.DR.RD.Kandou Manado. Sample 20 patients acute diarrhea mild to moderate dehydration. Pasien blood samples were taken to measure sodium and potassium plasma level before and after treatment with WHO ORS 75 cc/kg for three hours. Results electrolyte levels when dehydration 60% isonatremia and 85% isokalemia Electrolyte level when rehydration  70% isonatremia and 70% isokalemia. Sodium mean levels  when dehydration  136.1±5.2 mmol/l and when rehydration 136.1±3.45 mmol/l with p=0.5. Potassium mean levels when dehydration 3.99±0.78 mmol/l and when rehydration 3.84±0.85 mmol/l with p=0.183. Conclusions: Most electrolyte levels before and after rehydration isonatremia and isokalemia. There is no significant differences in plasma sodium and potassium levels before and after rehydration with WHO ORS. Keywords Dehydration, Diarrhea, Potassium, Sodium, WHO ORS   Abstrak: Diare akut menyebabkan hilangnya sejumlah besar air dan elektrolit terutama natrium dan kalium yang apabila tidak diganti dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi.Tahun 2006, WHO merekomendasikan oralit dengan osmolaritas 245 Mmol/l sebagai tata laksana diare akut dengan dehidrasi ringan sedang. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh oralit WHO terhadap kadar natrium dan kalium plasma pada anak diare akut dengan dehidrasi. Penelitian pra-eksperimental dengan pendekatan pre-post test tanpa adanya kelompok kontrol, berlangsung selama November 2012 sampai Januari 2013 di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D.Kandou Manado. Sampel 20 pasien diare akut dehidrasi ringan sedang. Pasien diambil sampel darah untuk memeriksa kadar natrium dan kalium plasma sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan oralit WHO 75 cc/kgbb selama tiga jam. Hasil didapatkan gambaran elektrolit saat dehidrasi terbanyak adalah isonatremia 60 % dan isokalemia 85%. Gambaran elektrolit saat rehidrasi terbanyak adalah isonatremia 70% dan isokalemia 70%. Rerata kadar Natrium saat dehidrasi adalah 136,1±5,2 mmol/L dan saat rehidrasi adalah 136,1±3,45mmol/l dengan p=0,5. Rerata kadar Kalium saat dehidrasi adalah 3,99±0,78mmol/l dan saat rehidrasi adalah 3,84±0,85mmol/l dengan p=0,183. Simpulan: Gambaran elektrolit sebelum dan sesudah rehidrasi terbanyak adalah isonatremia dan isokalemia.Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar natrium dan kalium plasma sebelum dan sesudah rehidrasi dengan oralit WHO. Kata kunci Dehidrasi,Diare,Kalium,Natrium,Oralit WHO

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Samieh Noori ◽  
Mehry Haddad Narafshan

<em>The present quasi-experimental study addresses the impact of a Character Strength Based Positive Psychology Intervention (CSBPPI) on Goal Setting (GS) of TEFL university students in Iran. In so doing, the study utilized an experimental design with 18 participants in the control group and 18 participants in the experimental group which totalled 7 male and 29 female students. The pretest showed that the participants of the two groups were homogenous with regard to their proficiency level as well as their goal setting. Data was collected over five months using Erickson et al. (2015) goal setting questionnaire before and after an MA course. The results of the post-test revealed that PP has a positive and significant impact on learners’ goal setting. The findings from this research suggest positive paths from positive psychology to understanding, managing and successfully setting the goals. </em>


ReCALL ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
NINETTE CARTES-ENRIQUEZ ◽  
M. I. SOLAR RODRIGUEZ ◽  
R. QUINTANA LETELIER

This is an experimental study in the area of Didactics applied to the learning of English as a foreign language and complemented by CALL. The main objective of this work is to know the degree of incidence existing between two groups of students: one, based on conference-style classes where students, guided by the teacher, have to search for information about a topic in the computer lab and present it in front of the class and, in the other, where students are taught by the teacher according to a printed text. The experimental design consisted of a pre-test/post-test plus the application of different techniques to develop the different linguistic and cognitive strategies, between these tests. The methodology used by the Experimental Group forced learners to generate their own knowledge, so they had to apply the information and work by themselves in Workshops; and the Control Group participated in the classroom according to the communicative approach, guided by the teacher in the traditional class. Statistics were applied to the scores obtained between both tests, and the scores obtained weekly in the different competences contributed to knowing whether there were significant differences between both groups.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Yanik Muyassaroh ◽  
Ana Afifah

Malnutrition in pregnant women has an impact on the health of the next generation. Therefore, nutrition counseling first 1000 days of life needs to be given. Good nutrition during the period of 1000 days starting from early pregnancy until the child’s second birthday. This study aims to determine the effect of counseling with “Kalpin” or Smart Calendar on knowledge and attitude of pregnant women about the first 1000 days of life. This type of research is a comparative analytic design with pre-test and post-test control group. Nutrition counseling activities carried out by the lecture method using a smart calendar. Measurement of knowledge and attitude of pregnant women perfomed twice: before and after the extension granted. Analysis of the data used were bivariate analysis test Independent T-Test and Mann Whitney. The result shows influence of counseling about first 1000 days of life with Kalpin to knowledge (p = 0,000) and attitude of pregnant woman (p = 0,000) about first 1000 days of life. For health service can be a new input in efforts to improve the quality of service with realization the Program Healthy Indonesia that include first 1000 days of life.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Fatih Ocal

Integrating the properties of computer algebra systems and dynamic geometry environments, Geogebra became an effective and powerful tool for teaching and learning mathematics. One of the reasons that teachers use Geogebra in mathematics classrooms is to make students learn mathematics meaningfully and conceptually. From this perspective, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether instruction with Geogebra has effect on students’ achievements regarding their conceptual and procedural knowledge on the applications of derivative subject. This study adopted the quantitative approach with pre-test post-test control group true experimental design. The participants were composed of two calculus classrooms involving 31 and 24 students, respectively. The experimental group with 31 students received instruction with Geogebra while the control group received traditional instruction in learning the applications of derivative. Independent samples t-test was used in the analysis of the data gathered from students’ responses to Applications of Derivative Test which was subjected to them before and after teaching processes. The findings indicated that instruction with Geogebra had positive effect on students’ scores regarding conceptual knowledge and their overall scores. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between experimental and control group students’ scores regarding procedural knowledge. It could be concluded that students in both groups were focused on procedural knowledge to be successful in learning calculus subjects including applications of derivative in both groups. On the other hand, instruction with Geogebra supported students’ learning these subjects meaningfully and conceptually.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Tawali Tawali

This research is aimed to find out the effect of definitions toward students’ vocabulary mastery: it was an experimental study at the second grade student of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang. The subject of this research was the second grade of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang.The research was used experimental method with quantitative approach. The population of this research consist of 55 students, and the sample is 29 for experimental group while 26 for control group. The technique of collecting data was used definition for experimental group and matching word with antonym for control group. The data was collected by using post-test only and the data was analyzed by t-test formula. Based on data analysis the mean score of experimental group was 76,4 and control group was 69,23, beside of that standard deviation for experimental group was 114,28 and for control group was 113,09 and the value of t-test was 2,44 and t-table was 2,000. Degree of freedom is 53 with significant level 0,05. It means that the value of t-test was higher than t-table (t-test ˃ t-table). The alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Thus, the conclusion of this research was there was an effect of definition toward students’ vocabulary mastery: an experimental study at the second grade students of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang-sayang.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Rr.Tutik Sri Hariyati ◽  
Krisna Yetti Malawat ◽  
Retno Purwandari ◽  
Effy Afifah

Background: Completeness of documentation as a legal aspect and proof a nursing activity. Nothing documentation means nothing activity.Objective: The Purpose of research to identify the legal aspect and completeness of nursing documentation after applying electronic nursing documentation. Methods: Report study approach and using pre and post-test with the control group. Thirty Four documentation collected using consecutive sampling on one-week observation before and after using electronic nursing information. The research compared the legal aspect and completeness of data conducted before and after the implementation of the new system.Results: The study showed improvement of the legal aspects increased by 50% (4,40 to 8,00) and completeness documentation by 10.39%  (43,00 to 49,00) after used of a system.   Conclusion: Nursing Electronic Documentation improved legal aspect, completeness nursing and enhance the quality of nursing care. Recommendation: Electronic nursing documentation can be done to support and increase the quality of nursing.  


2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
S. Neelavathy ◽  
R. P. Balasubramania

Emotion is the ability of a person to express the state of mind which he is, but when a person is mentally, physically, emotionally, and spiritually unstable results in a psychological change and helpless on situations. The purpose of the study was to nd out Effect of SKY yoga and pranayama on emotion among college girls .To achieve the purpose of the study 45 College girls were selected randomly from Coimbatore as the subjects. The subject's age ranged from 18 to 21 years. . The selected subjects were divided into 3 groups. Experimental Group I under went on sky yoga only & Experimental Group II went on pranayama only for 50 minutes per day, six days a week for 12 weeks. The control group was not given any practice. The pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the training for all three groups. The data collected from the groups before and after the training period were statistically analysed by using Analysis of Co-Variance (ANACOVA) to determine the signicant difference and tested at 0.05 level of signicance. The result of the study showed that there was signicant improvement in the emotion of the Experimental Groups I, II subjects than the Controlled group. Through the SKY yoga and Pranayama Emotion got controlled. The conclusion was that SKY yoga controlled emotions and got reduced the psychological effects depression and stress etc. among college girls.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-814
Author(s):  
Hilal Kılınç ◽  
Hacı Bayram Temur ◽  
Hacalet Mollaoğulları

Bu çalışma 8-10 yaş arası erkek çocuklarda yüzme egzersiz ve bosu çalışmalarının dinamik dengeye etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Yaşları ortalaması 8,9333±,78492 yıl olan 30 katılımcı veli ve antrenörlerinden gönüllü katılımları ile ilgili aydınlanmış̧ onamları alınarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bunların 20' si egzersiz grubu diğer 10'u da kontrol grubudur. Egzersiz grubunun en az 1 yıl yüzme eğitimi almış olmalarına ve haftada 3 gün düzenli olarak yüzme antrenmanı yapıyor olmalarına dikkat edildi. Egzersiz grubu rastgele yöntemle 2 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba yüzme ve bosu çalışmaları, ikinci gruba ise sadece yüzme egzersizleri yaptırıldı. Bu çalışma 10 hafta süreyle uygulandı. Katılımcıların antropometrik ölçümler ile dinamik denge ölçümleri planlanan antrenman programı öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere iki defa alındı. Çalışma Van Olimpik yüzme havuzunda uygulandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 21 paket programı kullanıldı.  Analizler sonucunda yüzme eğitimi alan grubun A (Anterior), PM (Posteromedial) ve PL (Posterolateral) ön test - son test ölçüm  değerleri arasında anlamlı (p<0,01) fark olduğu saptandı. Yine yüzme ve bosu eğitimi alan grubun PM ve PL ön test - son test ölçüm  değerleri arasında anlamlı (p<0,01) fark olduğu belirlendi. Seçilmiş değişkenlerin ön test- son test ölçüm değerleri arasındaki farkların gruplar arasında anlamlı (p<0,05)  bir farklılığın olmadığı görüldü.   ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet This study was carried out to investigate the effect of swimming exercise and bosu studies on dynamic equilibrium in 8-10 years old boys. They were included in the study by taking their enlightened consent about their voluntary participation from 30 participants parents and coaches with an average age of 8,9333 ±, 78492 years. 20 of them were exercise group and 10 of them were control group. The exercise group had at least 1 year of swimming training and swimming training 3 days a week was paid attention to be doing regularly. The exercise group was randomly divided into two groups. The first group had swimming and bosu exercises and the second group had only swimming exercises. This study was performed for 10 weeks. The participants' anthropometric measurements and dynamic balance measurements were taken twice before and after the planned training program. The work was carried out at the Olympic swimming pool in Van. SPSS 21 package program was used to analyze the data. As a result of the analyzes, it was found that there was a significant difference (p<0.01) between the A (Anterior), PM (Poateromedial) and PL (Poaterolateral) pre-test and post-test measurements of the swimming group. It was determined that there was a significant difference (p <0.01) between the PM and PL pretest - posttest measurements of the group receiving swimming and bosu training. There was no significant difference (p <0.05) between the pre-test and post-test values ​​of the selected variables.


2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartono Gunadi ◽  
Rini Sekartini ◽  
Retno Asti Werdhani ◽  
Ardi Findyartini ◽  
Muhammad Arvianda Kevin Kurnia

Background Immunization is recognized as one of the strategiesto reduce vaccine preventable diseases. Competency related toimmunization are consequently important for medical students andthe medical school needs to assure the competence acquisition.Objective To assess competence related to immunization andits retention following lectures with simulations compared tolectures only.Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted to the 5th yearstudents of University of Indonesia Medical School during the ChildAdolescent Health Module in 2012-2013. The intervention grouphad lectures with simulations and the control group had lecturesonly. Immunization knowledge was assessed with a 30 multiplechoice question (MCA) items performed before and after themodule. Competence retention was assessed by MCQ (knowledge)and OSCE (skills) 2-6 months afterwards.Results Sixty eight subjects for each group with similarcharacteristics were analyzed. There was significant differenceafter module MCQ score between two groups. Competenceretention in 2-6 months after module completion was betterin intervention group, both for the knowledge (median MCQscore of 70.00 (range 37-93) vs. mean score of 58.01 (SD 12.22),respectively; P<0.001) and skill (OSCE mean scores of 75.21 (SD10.74) vs. 62.62 (SD 11.89), respectively; P < 0.001). Proportionof subjects in the intervention group who passed both the MCQand OSCE were also significantly greater.Conclusion Lectures with simulations are proved to bemore effective in improving medical students’ immunizationcompetence as well as its retention compared to lectures onlyapproach.


Author(s):  
Said Yousef Swilem

The purpose of this study is to examine the efficiency of a group counseling program based on psychodrama in improving self-awareness and reducing tension among tenth grade students in Qalqilia City and examining the nature and the direction of the relationship between self-consciousness and tension, the sample of study consisted of (20) students whom were distributed randomly equally to two groups the first is an experimental contains (10) students and the second is a control group contains (10) students in light of a tension variable, they are drawn out from (152) students in governmental schools who obtained the highest stress scale for the current study, a counseling program has been built based on the principles and methodology methods of psychodrama which contained (13) sessions, the current study used a measure of self-awareness and tension before and after the program. The researcher used the semi-experimental design to verify the validity of the two instruments they were presented to a group of specialized consultants. The stability coefficient was then calculated using Cronbach Alpha, where the stability value of the self-awareness scale was 0.81 and tension scale was 0.90. The mean and standard deviations were calculated and the Shapiro-Wilk test was used to examine the normal distribution probability of the variables of self-awareness and tension. The results revealed in the non-moderate distribution of individual responses to the two variables. The Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, and the Spearman Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient test were used. The results showed differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-test of self-awareness and stress measures and for group members this is an indication of the effectiveness of the psychodrama -based counseling program in improving self-awareness and reducing stress among tenth grade students in Qalqilia city and the absence of differences in experimental group members between the tribal and remote testing methods of self-awareness and differences in group members for testing between the two pre-test and post- test of stress. The researcher recommends that self-awareness and stress in the adolescent group should be addressed through the psychodrama -based counseling programs.    


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