scholarly journals FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF BURN CASES AT PMCH WITH FEMALE CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Pankaj Kumar* ◽  
Sohan Prasad Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
Flame Burn

Burns of skin or other tissue are caused by re, radiant heat, radiation, chemical, or electrical contact. Burns are a critical public health problem, causing deaths, disability and disgurement. Most of the victims belonged to lower middle class and Hindu in religion, married, housewives, affected more commonly from urban area. Most common victims are female & belonged to Age group 20–40 years .Most of the victims was married since more than 7 years. This study denotes that most of the victims, suffer maximum in months of October to November usually in morning time Flame burn were most common cause of burns, followed by kerosene .Most of the victims affected by burns by an Accident, followed by suspicious mode .Most of the victims sustained 51–100% burns over body surface area & survived for period of 2–7 days , while Septicemia were most common cause of death

scholarly journals Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) Targeting Protein Misfolding in Drug Discovery for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Priscila Baltazar Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Carolina Rennó Sodero ◽  
Yraima Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Common Cause

The potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) of the major bioactive compound of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is well documented. Numerous findings now suggest that EGCG targets protein misfolding and aggregation, a common cause and pathological mechanism in many NDs. Several studies have shown that EGCG interacts with misfolded proteins such as amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ), linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and α-synuclein, linked to Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date, NDs constitute a serious public health problem, causing a financial burden for health care systems worldwide. Although current treatments provide symptomatic relief, they do not stop or even slow the progression of these devastating disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective drugs for these incurable ailments. It is expected that targeting protein misfolding can serve as a therapeutic strategy for many NDs since protein misfolding is a common cause of neurodegeneration. In this context, EGCG may offer great potential opportunities in drug discovery for NDs. Therefore, this review critically discusses the role of EGCG in NDs drug discovery and provides updated information on the scientific evidence that EGCG can potentially be used to treat many of these fatal brain disorders.

scholarly journals Study of anaemia profile in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Appu Patil
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem worldwide especially in developing countries like India. Nutritional cause of anaemia continues to predominate as the most common cause of anaemia. Objective of this study is to determine the clinical and laboratory profile of anaemia among patients admitted to our hospital.Methods: Our study was a prospective study in which thirty nine patients of anemia admitted to Medicine ward in SNMC and HSK hospital were studied for their clinical and laboratory characteristics. Duration of the study was 7 months from July 2019 to January 2020.Results: Anaemia was more common among females (65.1% of total patients). Patients aged less than 60 years contributed to 85% of patients. Pallor was the universal finding present in 100% of patients. On systemic examination haemic murmurs on auscultation was the most common finding present in 28.2% followed by hepatomegaly (17.94%). Microcytic and dimorphic anaemia constitute the bulk of anaemia.Conclusions: Nutritional anaemia particularly iron deficiency anaemia is the most common cause of anaemia. It tends to affect the working age group and females predominantly. Patients continue to present with severe anaemia to the hospital.

scholarly journals Experimental study on moisture transfer through firefighters' protective fabrics in radiant heat exposures

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1665-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Fanglong Zhu ◽  
Qianqian Feng ◽  
Kejing Li ◽  
Rangtong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Radiant Heat Flux ◽  
Thermal Protective Performance ◽  
Protective Fabrics ◽  
Protective Performance ◽  
Radiation Time

The effects of absorbed moisture on thermal protective performance of fire-fighters? clothing materials under radiant heat flux conditions were analyzed in this paper. A thermal protective performance tester and temperature sensor were used to measure the temperature variations for the facecloth side of four kinds of commonly used flame retardant fabrics in several radiant heat exposures, which varied in moisture content. Experimental results showed that, all of the temperature profiles of these four kinds of moistened fabrics under different radiant heat flux conditions presented the same variation trend. The addition of moisture had a positive influence on the thermal protective performance during the constant temperature period when heat radiation time was more than 60 seconds. As the heat radiation time increased beyond 500 seconds, the thermal protective performance of moistened fabrics became worse than that of dried fabrics in general.

scholarly journals A Critical Review of the Social and Behavioral Contributions to the Overdose Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
Noa Krawczyk ◽  
Leah Hamilton ◽  
Kara E. Rudolph ◽  
Samuel R. Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Public Health

More than 750,000 people in the United States died from an overdose between 1999 and 2018; two-thirds of those deaths involved an opioid. In this review, we present trends in opioid overdose rates during this period and discuss how the proliferation of opioid prescribing to treat chronic pain, changes in the heroin and illegally manufactured opioid synthetics markets, and social factors, including deindustrialization and concentrated poverty, contributed to the rise of the overdose epidemic. We also examine how current policies implemented to address the overdose epidemic may have contributed to reducing prescription opioid overdoses but increased overdoses involving illegal opioids. Finally, we identify new directions for research to understand the causes and solutions to this critical public health problem, including research on heterogeneous policy effects across social groups, effective approaches to reduce overdoses of illegal opioids, and the role of social contexts in shaping policy implementation and impact. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 42 is April 1, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Acute lethal poisonings in children: a 10-year retrospective study of the Moscow Region, Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semyon S. Plis ◽  
Olesya V. Veselkina ◽  
Vladimir A. Klevno ◽  
Vasiliy V. Vlassov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Fatal Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning In Children ◽  
Critical Public Health

Background: Poisoning is a critical public health problem. Toxic substances differ across time, region and age. Little is known about poisoning in Russia, and even less is known about lethal poisoning in children in Russia. We aimed to describe the characteristics of cases of lethal poisoning in children and adolescents.Design and methods: Our retrospective study was based on autopsy reports from archives of the Moscow Region Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination for the period of 2009 to 2018.Results: A total of 438 lethal poisoning cases were recorded. The average age of the poisoned children was 11.3 years. Deaths predominantly occurred in boys, mostly due to the higher frequency of poisoning with household and technical chemicals (p<0.01). Accidental deaths were also higher in males (p < 0.01). Therapeutic drug poisoning (p<0.01) and suicide (p < 0.01) were more frequent in females. The leading cause of lethal poisoning in children was exposure to carbon monoxide, especially in children aged 5 to 9 years (p<0.01) and 1 to 4 years (p<0.01). Carbon monoxide poisoning occurred more often in winter (p<0.01). Regarding the structure of poisoning with household and technical chemicals, the most frequent was poisoning by a mixture of utility gases.Conclusion: Our study shows that carbon monoxide poisoning is a serious problem in the region. This may be associated with the ongoing use of individual heating systems. A significant increase in the frequency of fatal poisoning by chemicals, especially by propane-butane gas mixtures while sniffing, has become a disturbing trend.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of patients with post burn contracture

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Arnav Tyagi ◽  
Manu Rajan ◽  
Sanjay Dvivedi ◽  
Kinnari A. V. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
East Asia Region ◽  
Flame Burn ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Background: Burns are a major, global public health problem, resulting in an estimated 195,000 deaths annually. Most burns occur in low-and middle-income countries, with almost half occurring in the south-east Asia region. The reasons for the high incidence include widespread ignorance of fire prevention, the rapid increase of poor socio-economic conditions, and the persistence of old traditions and customs.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRH University, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun over a period of 12months. Cases of the post burn contractures attended in the O.P.D were included in the study.Results: A total of 45 patients were included in the study. Of these, 22 (48.8%) were males and 23 (51.2%) were females. Ages ranged from 1 to 55year. Flame burn (20 cases = 44.4%) was the most common type of initial burn insult followed by scald burns (14 cases=31.1%).Conclusions: The pitfalls in initial burn care that lead to contractures in the patients include the failure to institute adequate surgical management of deep burns, the lack of physiotherapy/ROM exercises, and failure to provide proper anti-deformity splint age. There is need to revisit the prevalent acute burn care practices and establish focused preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Gamification Design Elements to Enhance Adolescent Motivation in Diagnosing Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Nurul Fasihah Jamaludin ◽  
Tengku Siti Meriam Tengku Wook ◽  
Siti Fadzilah Mat Noor ◽  
Faizan Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Motivation Enhancement ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Critical Public Health

Depression is a critical public health problem, mainly when it affects young people (adolescents). This condition is most challenging to detect in this group because they tend to think about other people's negative assumptions. Adolescents with depressive symptoms refuse to seek professional help due to their stigma and their future if they were labeled as depressed teenagers. Depression is a severe mental issue that should be detected from an early stage so that the problem can be curbed and resolved immediately. Diagnosis should be carried out to assess mental health, followed by referral to professional help. This study aims to motivate adolescents to diagnose depression levels through gamification techniques. Fifty-three secondary students participated in a survey designed in this study to measure motivation enhancement factors. The result of this study was used to develop a depression diagnosis model. The proposed model applied a gamification design technique consisting of three main ideas: gamification elements, user types, and motivational elements. This model will serve as the foundation to develop a mobile application system that can benefit users, especially adolescents, in self-diagnosing depression.

scholarly journals Study of the pattern and management of blunt chest injuries in rural setup

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3482
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Sharma ◽  
Sushrut Pradeep Tated ◽  
Ashish Ashokrao Hatkar
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Chest Injuries ◽  
The Common ◽  
Two Wheeler

Background: Trauma is recognized as a serious public health problem. In fact, it is the leading cause of death and disability in the first four decades of life and is the third most common cause of death overall. Trauma may lead to short or long-term disability. Objective was to study the pattern of chest injuries with resultant underlying damage, in rural set up.Methods: The present study was carried out among 500 cases of age group 15 to 75 years, all religions and both sexes. All patients received in the Emergency Room (ER/Casualty) were immediately attended and history, primary survey and resuscitation were done simultaneously. X ray chest-erect position was taken and subsequent management either operative or non-operative was done according to clinic-radiological findings. After discharge, patients were followed on OPD basis till the time they return to the normal activity.Results: Majority of patients (31%) were from 55 to 65 years of age group and were male (64.2%). Vehicular accident was the commonest (56.8 %) cause of injury. Vehicular accidents were the most common cause of chest injuries. In vehicular accidents two-wheeler riders were the common victims (55.28%). Assault was 2nd most common mode of injury. Among those patients who sustained chest trauma had average VAS 6 (49.2%) followed by 4 (45%). Majority of patient were treated conservatively (93.6%).Conclusions: The most active age group and males were affected with commonly vehicular accidents. They mainly suffered chest injuries. 

Analysis of a Common Cause Hypothesis in a Forensic Product Defect Analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Carnahan ◽  
Roland L. Ruhl ◽  
Mark G. Strauss ◽  
Laura R. Genson
Keyword(s):  
Federal Court ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Defect Analysis ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Failure Distribution ◽  
Product Defect ◽  
Legal Meaning

Forensic analysis of an accident involving machinery or equipment requires the engineering investigator to determine what role the equipment played in the accident. That analysis involves consideration of “defect” and “proximate cause,” items that have very specific legal meaning. The authors will discuss legal requirements relating to the investigator’s role in product defect analysis and will provide examples of scientific methodology deemed admissible in Federal Court. Two case examples are given where a reliability analysis based on the Weibull failure distribution was used to support, in part, the expert’s conclusions.

scholarly journals From End Treatment to Source Prevention: Socio-Ecological Approaches to Promote Research on the Environment and Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases with Special Reference to China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Xi-Zhang Shan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Kun Lai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Integrative Research ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Effective Source

Globally, the pandemic of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) has become a critical public health problem. Although NCD prevention has been shifting from individual behavioral interventions to broad environmental interventions, it is still necessary to promote research on the environment and NCDs as a whole. Therefore, this conceptual paper aimed to develop a general and novel framework to advance this line of research. The framework uses socio-ecological approaches that emphasize source prevention rather than the end treatment. Specifically, this framework comprehensively covered integrative research approaches, prioritized areas, urgent efforts, innovative methodologies, and improved funding. The framework used China as a typical context, where its public health policies, similar to other nations, still focus on the end treatment of NCDs, placing emphasis on biomedical approaches and technologies. China’s relevant efforts may furnish new insights and approaches concerning NCD prevention, and these efforts may benefit the improvement of global health and well-being. Such social-ecological research efforts can help to accelerate a shift from existing individual interventions to environmental interventions, thereby ultimately achieving the effective source prevention of NCDs in China and around the globe.

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