Ecological and biological characteristics of rare and endangered introduced species in the culture of the Central Chernozem Region

The article presents the results of the study of some rare and endangered species, mainly introduced ones, from arboretums of All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology and Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov (both in Voronezh, Russia). It examines their ecological and biological characteristics and phenological patterns. The paper presents phenological spectra with the phases of the seasonal development for the studied species. It also explores the issues of the stability and plasticity of the introduced species and designs methodologies for their conservation and reproduction. Based on many years of observations the paper concludes that the studied species have the potential to be used for forestry and gardening of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia.

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Features of the water regime of aboriginal and introduced species of the genus Iris L. in the Southern Ural

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2021-210-07-2-15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 210 (07) ◽

pp. 2-15

Author(s):

Liliya Beksheneva ◽

Antonina Reut

Keyword(s):

Introduced Species ◽

Water Scarcity ◽

Native Species ◽

Water Regime ◽

Meteorological Factors ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Mode I ◽

Native Flora ◽

Rare And Endangered Species ◽

Rare And Endangered

Abstract. The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the peculiarities of the water regime of 9 species of the genus Iris L. growing in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute UFRC RAS (I. sibirica L., I. pseudacorus L. ‒ species of native flora, I. aphylla L., I. biglumis Vahl., I. lacteal Pall., I. orientalis Mill., I. ruthenica Ker-Gawl., I. setosa Pall., I. spuria L. ‒ introduced species). The purpose is a comparative evaluation of the main parameters of the water regime within the generic complex and depending on the detection of meteorological factors in different phenological periods. Methods. Studies were performed in growing periods 2019–2020’s physiological using conventional techniques (artificial saturation method and wilting). Made a detailed analysis of daily and seasonal dynamics of the water regime of the three parameters: the total water content, water-holding capacity, water scarcity. Typical forest species Convallaria majalis L. was investigated for a comparative analysis of water regime indicators. Results. The similarities and differences in the peculiarities of the water regime were established between the studied species, the dependence of the indicators on meteorological conditions was revealed. According to the type of water regime cultivars were divided into four groups: a flexible water-quiet mode ‒ I. pseudacorus, flexible water-tight mode ‒ I. sibirica, I. ruthenica, stably-calm water mode ‒ I. aphylla, I. biglumis, I. setosa, stably-tight water mode ‒ I. spuria, I. lactea, I. orientalis. Among the studied parameters of water scarcity was the most dependent on meteorological factors. Scientific novelty. The study helps to identify ecological and physiological adaptations of exotic species in comparison with the native species that could become the basis for assessing the prospects of growing in the culture and conservation of rare and endangered species.

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BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY AND ACTUAL YIELD OF NON-NATIVE VARIETIES OF STRAWBERRY

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2018/4/27-31 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

M. I. Zubkova

Keyword(s):

Average Weight ◽

Biological Productivity ◽

Crop Breeding ◽

Central Chernozem Region ◽

Russian Research Institute ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Actual Yield ◽

Central Chernozem ◽

Strawberry Cultivars ◽

Russian Research

The aim of this study was to determine the biological productivity, actual yield and taste characteristics of introduced strawberry cultivars in conditions of the Orel region and to select promising genotypes for commercial use and breeding. The studies were carried out in 2016-2017 in the fields of the Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding in the Orel region. 8 Russian strawberry cultivars and 18 foreign cultivars were studied. Strawberry cultivars admitted for use in the Central-Chernozem region, i.e. Rubinovy Kulon (early ripening), Urozhainaya TzGL (average ripening) and Zenga Zengana (late ripening), were taken as control cultivars. The cultivars were placed in three repetitions in the amount of 10 plants in each repetition. The soil of the plots was dark-grey forest. Previously the field was planted with mustard. The location of the plots was randomized. Drip irrigation was used. The spacing of planting was 0.2 m X 1.0 m. The biological productivity was studied according to three indications: the amount of flower buds per plant, the amount of flowers per plant and the average weight of berries per plant. Clary, Alba, Solovushka, Asia, Sonata, Berginya, Molling Pandora, Alfa and Malvina had the greatest average weight of berries. Alba, Solovushka, Sara, Asia, Sonata and Bereginya had maximal indications of biological productivity. The greatest actual yield was observed in Vima Zanta, Solovushka, Sara and Berginya. Rosinka and Urozhainaya TzGL were the best ones in berry taste; Alba and Bereginya were the best ones in berry appearance; Sara and Antea had the most fragrant berries. Alba, Solovushka, Asia, Tzaritza, Bereginya and Sonata are the most promising strawberry cultivars according to the complex of the indications for growing in the Central -Chernozem region.

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Are Non-Native Gastropods a Threat to Endangered Lichens?

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v123i2.697 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 123 (2) ◽

pp. 169 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Robert Cameron

Keyword(s):

Nova Scotia ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Introduced Species ◽

Lichen Species ◽

Rare And Endangered Species ◽

Extensive Grazing ◽

Arion Subfuscus ◽

Rare And Endangered ◽

Potential Impact

Extensive grazing by gastropods was found on endangered Boreal Felt Lichen (Erioderma pedicellatum) at Sixth Lake, Nova Scotia, in 2004. At least 80% of arboreal gastropods observed at the site were the introduced species Arion subfuscus. Subsequent surveys at five other locations in Nova Scotia showed 90% of arboreal gastropod individuals observed were introduced species. Potential impact on native lichen species, and in particular on rare and endangered species, is discussed.

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Seasonal development and perspectivity of introduced species Pinus L. in the taiga area (Karelia)

Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Биология»=Bulletin of Perm University. Biology ◽

10.17072/1994-9952-2021-3-149-157 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 149-157

Author(s):

I. T. Kishchenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Introduced Species ◽

Temperature Regime ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Middle Taiga ◽

Seasonal Development ◽

State University ◽

Low Degree ◽

Almost All ◽

State Of The Environment

The results of studies carried out in 1988–2016 are presented, from April to October in the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (South Karelia, middle taiga subzone). The objects of research were representatives of 4 introduced species of the genus Pinus: P. strobus L., P. montana Mill., P. pu-mila (Pall.) Regel., P. sibirica Du Tour. The timing of the onset of almost all phenophases in the species of the species Pinus under study largely depends on the current temperature regime of the air, the state of the environment for several days prior to the beginning of a particular phenophase, and also on the values – of the main environmental factors during the formation of wintering buds of the last year. A straight-forward correlation was found between the dynamics of the studied environmental factors and the timing of the onset of phenophases. The earliest dates of the onset and end of phenophases were noted in P. pu-mila, and the latest in P. strobus. A comprehensive assessment of the prospects of the studied species made it possible to establish that P. sibirica, P. montana, and P. pumila (58–65 points) are quite promis-ing, and P. strobus are promising (57 points). These species can be recommended for introduction into cultural communities and landscaping of settlements with a low degree of pollution by pollutants.

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Morpho-biological features of rosewort(rhodiola rosea l.) under the conditions of introduction

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017603009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 03009

Author(s):

M. Y. Karpukhin ◽

A. V. Abramchuk

Keyword(s):

Development Process ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Seasonal Development ◽

Active Growth ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Single Vertex ◽

Rare And Endangered Species ◽

Polar Urals ◽

Biological Features ◽

Rare And Endangered

The uncontrolled harvesting of rosewort has led to a sharp decline in its natural populations in the Nether-Polar Urals, and in a number of places in Altai and Sayany - to almost complete extermination of the plant. Nowadays rosewort is classified as rare and endangered species, in many regions - as a protected plant. One reliable way to preserve this plant is to introduce it into culture. The article presents the results obtained during the experiment (during 2010-2014) on the study of morpho-biological features of rosewort(Rhodiolarosea) L.) under the conditions of introduction. Theexperimental design included 3 options, differing in the area of nutrition: 1 var. — 50 x 50 cm (4 plants/m2), taken for control; 2 var. — 33 x 50 cm (6 plants/m) 2. ); 3 var. - 25x50 cm (8 plants/ m2). During the study, the optimal growing space was established - 50x50 cm, at which, during all years of observation, there was a more active growth of rosewort plants. Seasonal development process in all variants is represented by a single-vertex curve, with a pronounced maximum, the magnitude of which depended on the average daily growth of plants. The highest average daily increase in the experiment was observed in different terms: in the 1st var. — in the second decade of June; in the 2nd var. — in the third decade of June; in the 3rd var. — in the first decade of July; it varied from 1.28 cm (3 var.) to 1.71 cm (1 var.).

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DEN POBEDY IS THE NEW VARIETY OF APPLE TREE

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2020/5/33-35 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 33-35

Author(s):

Е. N. Sedov ◽

T. V. Yanchuk

Keyword(s):

Apple Tree ◽

Average Density ◽

New Variety ◽

State Register ◽

Central Chernozem Region ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Main Color ◽

Central Chernozem ◽

Time Of Harvest ◽

Medium Weight

In 2020, the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War was celebrated. Many soldiers and did not survive to see the end of the war. It is important that people living now remember and honor those who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of our country and those who came from the war in difficult conditions to restore the national economy of the country. In memory of those who courageously defended the independence of our great country, we named a new apple cultivar ‘Den Pobedy’ (Victory Day), which took 33 years to create. In 2020, this cultivar was included in the State Register of breeding achievements and it is recommended for cultivation in the Central-Chernozem region including Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetzk, Orel and Tambov regions. This cultivar was developed by crossing are quite commonly known winter cultivar ‘Veteran’ and foreign cultivar ‘Horcout’. Trees have a drooping crown. The main branches are curves. A characteristic feature of this cultivar is that the branches from the trunk depart at an angle close to straight. The main number of fruits is located on short fruit formations. Fruits are of medium weight (140 g), conical, wide-ribbed. The main color of the fruit at the time of harvest is greenish. The cover color occupies most of the surface of the fruit in the form of red blush. The fruit flesh is white, greenish of average density. The appearance (attractiveness) of the fruit is estimated at 4.4 points, and the taste - at 4.3 points (5-point rating). Fruits contain 14.7 % of sugars and 9.2 mg/100 g of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Harvest in Orel region is in mid-September, the consumer period of fruits is until mid-March. The cultivar regularly bears fruit and has high product and consumer qualities.

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Cryobanking of Amphibian Genetic Recourses in Russia: Past and Future

Russian Journal of Herpetology ◽

10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-6-319-324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 319-324

Author(s):

Victor K. Uteshev ◽

Edith N. Gakhova ◽

Ludmila I. Kramarova ◽

Natalia V. Shishova ◽

Svetlana A. Kaurova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Material ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Cell Biophysics ◽

Amphibian Species ◽

Modern Biology ◽

Rare And Endangered Species ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Current State ◽

Rare And Endangered ◽

Academy Of Sciences

In modern biology, a search for efficient and safe ways of long-term storage of animal genomes is vital for the survival of rare and endangered species. To date, the only reliable method of prolonging the preservation of genome is deep freezing of somatic and reproductive cells, including spermatozoa. Here we overview the current state of reproductive technologies and present the cryopresevation strategies of genetic material of selected amphibian species. These strategies were developed at the Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia. Cryopreservation could help managing the threatened populations of amphibian species through genome storage and mediate the production of healthy animals from the stored material.

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ЗУБРЫ НА СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ — НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И БУДУЩЕЕ

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2019.3.31722 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 42-44

Author(s):

I.V. GUSAROV ◽

V.A. OSTAPENKO ◽

T.V. NOVIKOVА

Keyword(s):

Biological Diversity ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

European Bison ◽

Rare And Endangered Species ◽

The North ◽

Rare And Endangered ◽

Relationship Of ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship

Впервые в мире создана популяция зубров на территории 60 градусов северной широты. В новых климатических условиях разведения и сохранения зубров определены и проанализированы факторы существования вида на севере Европейской части РФ. Выявлены признаки, динамика численности, которые являются составной частью системы, предназначенной для управления биоразнообразием. Интродукция, являясь процессом введения в экосистему нехарактерных для нее видов, может усиливать изменения биоценозов как положительно, так и отрицательно. Насколько быстро и успешно проходит процесс адаптации заселенного вида, и усматривается его влияние на окружающую среду зависит дальнейшее существование зубров и в целом биоразнообразия. В статье обсуждаются вопросы взаимоотношения зубров с другими видами копытных и хозяйственной деятельностью человека, а также дальнейшим использованием зубров в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Пластичность зубров, выявление изменений и их анализ при вселении видов в новые условия обитания необходимы не только для определения развития или деградации биоценозов и в целом экосистемы, но и прогноза социально-экономических последствий интродукции как одного из методов сохранения редких и исчезающих видов фауны.For the first time in the world, a bison population has been created in an area of 60 degrees north latitude. In the new climatic conditions of breeding and preservation of bison, the factors of the species existence in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation are identified and analyzed. The signs, dynamics of abundance, which are an integral part of the system designed to manage biodiversity are identified, since the preservation of biological diversity on the planet is one of the main problems of our time. Introduction, being the process of introducing non-typical species into an ecosystem, can enhance changes in biocenoses, both positively and negatively. The question posing sounds especially when it comes to such a large hoofed animal as the European bison. How quickly and successfully the process of adaptation of the universe takes place and its environmental impact is seen depends on the continued existence of bison and biodiversity in general. The article discusses the relationship of bison with other types of ungulates and human activities, as well as the further use of bison in agricultural production. How these issues will be resolved positively depends on the future of these animals. Thus, the plasticity of bison, the identification of changes and their analysis, with the introduction of species into new habitat conditions is necessary not only to determine the development or degradation of biocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole, but also to predict the socio-economic consequences due to the introduction as one of the methods of preserving rare and endangered species of fauna.

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