scholarly journals Visão dos pais sobre a participação de seus filhos em um programa esportivo social

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Carlos Guelton Martins Guimarães ◽  
Siomara Aparecida Silva ◽  
Jenipher Emanuelle de Lima Campos Zampier
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sports Programs ◽  
Program Objective ◽  
And Behavior

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi apontar os pontos de vista dos pais sobre a participação de seus filhos em um programa esportivo social, o Programa Segundo Tempo. Métodos: Participaram 106 pais responsáveis por 145 beneficiados. A metodologia partiu da aplicação de um questionário, composto por 23 perguntas que foram agrupadas e descritas por temas, em cada tema foram apontadas as respostas mais frequentes. Foram descritos os conteúdos das temáticas amizades e comportamento escolar, mudanças individuais, amizades e comportamento social, comportamento motor e opiniões gerais sobre o programa. Resultados: A partir das respostas apontadas, foi possível observar que os pais atribuem grande importância à participação de seus filhos no programa, destacando a promoção de atividades que não seriam disponibilizadas aos filhos por limitações financeiras. Conclusão: Há a necessidade de estudos complementares que possibilitem uma avaliação dos programas sociais esportivos sob o olhar de outros participantes como os próprios beneficiados, os monitores e os coordenadores. ABSTRACT. Parents’ overiew about the participation of their children in a social sports program. Objective: The aim of this study was to point out the parents’ overview about the participation of their children in a Social Sports Program, the Second Time Program. Methods: It has participated 106 parents responsible for 145 beneficiaries. The methodology was based on the application of a questionnaire consisting of 23 questions that were grouped and described by subject and, in each subject, were identified the most frequent responses. It was decribe the contents of the topics of schoolar friendships and behavior, individual changes, friendships and social behavior, motor behavior and general opinions about the program were described. Results: From these responses, it was observed that parents attribute great importance to the participation of their children in program, highlighting the promotion of activities that would not be available to children for financial constraints. Conclusion: There is a need for additional studies that provide a more comprehensive assessment of social sports programs through the perspective of other participants, as the beneficiaries themselves, monitors and coordinators.

scholarly journals Performance and ingestive and social behavior of young cattle with different sexual conditions supplemented in Aruana pasture

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2565
Author(s):  
Odilene De Souza Teixeira ◽  
Ivan Luiz Brondani ◽  
Dari Celestino Alves Filho ◽  
José Laerte Nörnberg ◽  
Jonatas Cattelam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Agonistic Behavior ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Energy Supplementation ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

This study was conducted aiming at measuring the performance and behavior of beef cattle surgically castrated, immunocastrated or non-castrated, finished at 18 months old in Aruana pasture and with energy supplementation. Thirty-nine male bovines with an initial average body weight and age of 284.1 ± 31.4 kg and 14 months old, respectively, were used. The bromatological composition analysis and productive parameters of the pasture did not differ between treatments. The performance of young cattle was not changed by the sexual condition. When evaluating the agonistic behavior, the non-castrated bovine presented a higher number of activities, such as threats and fights, in relation to those immunocastrated. The time spent on the feeder by non-castrated young cattle (56.20 minutes) was higher than that observed for surgically castrated or immunocastrated (41.43 and 32.38 minutes, respectively). The combination between the correct management of Aruana pasture and use of supplementation showed to be promising for finishing bovines. Both surgically castrated and immunocastrated steers demonstrated to be equivalents in the performed evaluations. Therefore, if the farmer chooses castration, the use of immunocastration is suggested. This practice is less invasive, preserves animal welfare more than surgical castration, and has a lower cost.

scholarly journals Aggression Type Influences Perceptions of a Woman’s Body Size, Personality, and Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147470492091793
Author(s):  
Jaime L. Palmer-Hague
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Mate Value ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
And Behavior

Although women engage in both physical and nonphysical aggression, little is known about how aggression type influences perceptions of their morphology, personality, and social behavior. Evolutionary theory predicts that women avoid physical aggression due to risk of injury, which could compromise reproductive success. Engaging in physical aggression might therefore decrease women’s perceived mate value. However, physical aggression could be advantageous for some women, such as those who are larger in size and less vulnerable to injury. This presents the possibility that physically aggressive women might be perceived as larger and not necessarily lower in mate value. These hypotheses have not been tested. Across three studies, I used narratives to test the effect of aggression type (physical, verbal, indirect, nonaggressive) on perceptions of women’s height, weight, masculinity, attractiveness, and social status. In Studies 1 and 2, participants perceived a physically aggressive woman to be both larger and more masculine than nonphysically aggressive women. In Study 3, participants perceived both a physically aggressive woman and a nonaggressive woman to be larger than an indirectly aggressive woman; the effect of aggression type on perceptions of a hypothetical man’s height was not significant. I also found some evidence that aggression type influenced perceptions of attractiveness and social status, but these were small and inconsistent effects that warrant further study. Taken together, the results suggest that physical and indirect aggressive behavior may be associated with certain morphological and behavioral profiles in women.

scholarly journals Effects of Diet and Behavior Therapy on Social and Motor Behavior of Retarded Phenylketonuric Adults: An Experimental Analysis

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marholin ◽  
Robert E Pohl ◽  
R Malcolm Stewart ◽  
Paul E Touchette ◽  
Nancy M Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

A Longitudinal Study: Some Preliminary Results of Association of Prenatal Maternal Stress and Fetal Movements, Temperament Factors in Early Childhood and Behavior at Age 2 Years

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Niederhofer
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Fetal Movements ◽  
And Behavior

Niederhofer (1994) found that maternal stress during pregnancy was significantly associated with development of personality in early childhood. This study examined the correlation between maternal stress (self-report) during pregnancy for 22 women, its ultrasound objectification by observation of intrauterine fetal movements, child's temperament in early childhood, and child's Independence and social behavior at the age of 2 years while controlling for possible confounding variables. Only intrauterine fetal movements (head/arm/leg) were not associated with stress during pregnancy, temperament, or independence.

scholarly journals Chronic Variable Stress Induces Sex-Specific Alterations in Social Behavior and Neuropeptide Expression in the Mouse

Endocrinology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (7) ◽  
pp. 2803-2814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda P Borrow ◽  
Natalie J Bales ◽  
Sally A Stover ◽  
Robert J Handa
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Chronic Stressor ◽  
Chronic Variable Stress ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Chronic exposure to stressors impairs the function of multiple organ systems and has been implicated in increased disease risk. In the rodent, the chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm has successfully modeled several stress-related illnesses. Despite striking disparities between men and women in the prevalence and etiology of disorders associated with chronic stress, most preclinical research examining chronic stressor exposure has focused on male subjects. One potential mediator of the consequences of CVS is oxytocin (OT), a known regulator of stress neurocircuitry and behavior. To ascertain the sex-specific effects of CVS in the C57BL/6 mouse on OT and the structurally similar neuropeptide arginine vasopressin (AVP), the numbers of immunoreactive and mRNA-containing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) were determined using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. In addition, the mice underwent a battery of behavioral tests to determine whether CVS affects social behaviors known to be regulated by OT and AVP. Six weeks of CVS increased sociability in the female mouse and decreased PVN OT immunoreactivity (ir) and AVP mRNA. In the male mice, CVS decreased PVN OT mRNA but had no effect on social behavior, AVP, or OT-ir. CVS also increased the soma volume for PVN OT neurons. In contrast, OT and AVP neurons in the SON were unaffected by CVS treatment. These findings demonstrate clear sex differences in the effects of CVS on neuropeptides in the mouse, suggest a pathway through which CVS alters sociability and stress-coping responses in females and reveals a vulnerability to CVS in the C57BL/6 mouse strain.

scholarly journals A study of the knowledge, attitude and behavior among patients with psoriasis vulgaris during the COVID-19 lockdown period

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3120
Author(s):  
Sukanya G. ◽  
Richa Jotwani ◽  
Manoharan D. ◽  
Shreya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Behavior

Background: Patients with psoriasis may have been directly impacted by the COVID-19 lockdown and this may have had a significant effect on disease severity and treatment compliance. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude and the behavioral practices of patients with psoriasis during the lockdown period.Methods: A self-assessed questionnaire was employed for the purpose of this study and was answered by 100 patients of clinically diagnosed psoriasis.Results: Although several patients were aware of their condition and its implications, a significant number of responders were found to have a faulty treatment compliance due to the COVID-19 lockdown.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the knowledge, attitude and behaviour during the COVID-19 lockdown period of individuals who have been clinically diagnosed with psoriasis. This study raises the possibility that the sustained psychosocial stress induced by the current pandemic can potentially lead to exacerbations or onset of common inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis. The overall compliance to dermatologic therapy was slightly poor as there were frequent concerns regarding the safety of visiting a hospital or a doctor as well as possible financial constraints. As per this study, there is an urgent need to convey the right information about managing psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic among both the general population and patients alike. 

scholarly journals Extracting temporal relationships between weakly coupled peptidergic and motoneuronal signaling: application to Drosophila ecdysis behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Piñeiro ◽  
Wilson Mena ◽  
John Ewer ◽  
Patricio Orio
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Motor Sequence ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Animal Physiology ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Weakly Coupled ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
And Behavior

Neuromodulators, such as neuropeptides, can regulate and reconfigure neural circuits to alter their output, affecting in this way animal physiology and behavior. The interplay between the activity of neuronal circuits, their modulation by neuropeptides, and the resulting behavior, is still poorly understood. Here, we present a quantitative framework to study the relationships between the temporal pattern of activity of peptidergic neurons and of motoneurons during Drosophila ecdysis behavior, a highly stereotyped motor sequence that is critical for insect growth. We analyzed, in the time and frequency domains, simultaneous intracellular calcium recordings of peptidergic CCAP (crustacean cardioactive peptide) neurons and motoneurons obtained from isolated central nervous systems throughout fictive ecdysis behavior induced ex vivo by Ecdysis triggering hormone. We found that the activity of both neuronal populations is tightly coupled in a cross-frequency manner, suggesting that CCAP neurons modulate the faster oscillation of motoneurons. To explore this idea further, we used a probabilistic logistic model to show that calcium dynamics in CCAP neurons can predict the oscillation of motoneurons, both in a simple model and in a conductance-base model capable of simulating many of the observed neural dynamics features. Finally, we developed an algorithm to quantify the motor behavior observed in videos of pupal ecdysis, and compared their features to the patterns of neuronal calcium activity recorded ex vivo . We found that the motor activity of the intact animal is more regular than the motoneuronal activity recorded from the ex vivo preparations during fictive ecdysis behavior; the analysis of movement patterns also allowed us to identify a new post-ecdysis phase.

scholarly journals REGULATORY COMPONENT OF ACTIVITY WITHIN THE CRITERIA OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF A CHILD’S READYNESS FOR SCHOOL LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (36) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
L. Soloviova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
School Life ◽  
Voluntary Attention ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
Attention And Perception ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Rules Of The Game

The article considers the problem of a child’s readiness for school in the conditions of modern educational changes. Works of scientists are presented, in which the role of arbitrary regulation of the behavior of a preschool child in the formation of readiness for school is determined. Methods of studying the development of children’s ability to arbitrary regulation proposed by psychologists are analyzed. They determine the ability of children to subordinate their actions to verbal instructions, patterns, rules of the game and build these actions accordingly; identify the level of development of voluntary attention and perception, the ability to purposefully find a solution; establish opportunities for preschoolers to focus on goals, actively achieve meaningful goals, overcome difficulties. It is emphasized that the best results of the development of arbitrary regulation of behavior children demonstrate during the diagnosis, organized in the form of story-role play, play with rules or game task. Regulatory component of activity is singled out as criterion of comprehensive assessment of child’s readiness for school life. Essence of the concept is revealed and indicators of its manifestation in children’s activity are determined. The mechanism of conscious regulation is based on the ability to control psychical activities and behavior — to direct actions in accordance with the task or requirement, to subordinate them to specific goals. The regulatory component of the activity as a criterion of the child’s readiness for school life characterizes the child’s ability to actively implement the acquired experience in the activity, to manage behavior. Following achievements in the volitional sphere will be considered as indicators of manifestation of a regulatory component of activity of the child of senior preschool age: — ability to perform actions according to the sample; — ability to perform actions according to the verbal instructions (follow rules of the game and relationships, your own design); — ability to show purposefulness, activity in achieving the goal, willingness to overcome difficulties. These indicators have their characteristic manifestations in each of the specific children’s activities, organized by children independently and with the support of an adult: play, communication, speech, health, household, artistic and creative, cognitive and research. It is noted, that a comprehensive assessment of child’s readiness for school life will reflect the results of studying regulatory, emotional, cognitive, creative content components of activities, which together will create a real picture of the child’s personal development, bases of the formed key competencies of senior preschoolers.

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