scholarly journals MODELING OF POTATO MILL SEPARATION PROCESSES IN A DRUM SEPARATOR

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Soil Fraction ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Complex Mechanization ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Pile Model

In order to successfully enter Ukraine into the western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its products, which is achieved through the complex mechanization of technological processes, reduction of labor costs, increase in yield and quality of the products obtained. The most common method of mechanized harvesting of potatoes is the erosion of the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and the separation of tubers from heap, which contains vegetable impurities, soil tubers and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of solid soil clumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sown sandy soils with the help of special agrotechnical techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of tubers. However, such measures are local, not sufficiently reliable and significantly complicate technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily clogged with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of the planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lumps. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting, to develop a model of the process of separation of potato pile in a drum separator. The researches were carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting. During the research, the methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting, the main processes affecting the agrotechnical indices of the harvesting technique have been identified, a model of the process of separation of potato pile in a drum separator has been developed, which includes the following basic processes: model of sifting of a through fraction of soil from the top layer of pile; heap mixing model; model of destruction of soil lumps on the separator; model kinematic analysis of potato pile in a drum separator; model of sifting of the passable soil fraction from the bottom layer of the pile; model of damage to tubers and other structural and kinematic parameters of the working bodies of the drum separator.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE POTATO HARVESTING MACHINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Mechanization ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Working Bodies

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of structural and technological schemes of potato harvesters identified the most appropriate direction to improve existing and create new designs of potato harvesters, undermining working bodies and separators and substantiation of structural and technological parameters. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. Based on a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes revealed the main processes affecting the agronomic performance of harvesting equipment, as well as the principles of influence of different separators on the potato heap showed that they use inefficient types of deformation, namely: impact and compression. Instead, studies suggest that tensile and shear deformations are much more effective, which are not realized in the current designs of the separators, or are only partially realized. On the basis of complex researches the technological scheme of the potato digger which working bodies (a ploughshare-shelf digger and a drum separator interact with a potato heap through deformations of a tension and shift that allows to separate effectively soil in various conditions of harvesting of tubers and other constructive and kinematic parameters is offered. potato harvester.

scholarly journals MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CUTTING POTATO BUILDING WITH A BLADE OF A LEMECH

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Information Base ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Mechanization ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Working Bodies

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. The most common method of mechanized potato harvesting is undermining the tuber layer with its subsequent destruction and separation of tubers from the heap, which contains plant impurities, soil lumps and stones. The most difficult is the separation from the tubers of strong soil lumps and stones. Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by placing potatoes on well-sifted sandy soils, using special agronomic techniques that reduce, to some extent, the number of lumps. However, such measures are local in nature, not reliable enough and significantly complicate the technology. About 25% of the area occupied by potatoes is heavily littered with stones, the size of which is close to the size of tubers, and about 40% of planted potatoes are placed on soils prone to significant lump formation. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes, to develop a model for cutting a potato heap with a ploughshare blade. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. On the basis of the comparative analysis of technologies and machines for potato harvesting the main processes influencing agrotechnical indicators of harvesting equipment are revealed, the model of cutting of a potato heap by a ploughshare blade and other constructive and kinematic parameters of working bodies of a ploughshare blade is developed.

The number of employed as a macroeconomic indicator of working time dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-945
Author(s):  
I.A. Zaikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicator

Subject. The working time of workers at any stage of economic development is a value reflecting the level of labor productivity. Any progress in productivity contributes to changes in the volume of labor costs and the number of employed. Depending on the relationship between the total volume of labor costs and the number of employed, the duration of working time per one worker may change (it may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged). Objectives. The study aims to confirm the importance of such a macroeconomic indicator as the number of employed in varying working hours. Methods. The study rests on the comparative analysis of countries with developed economies based on some indicators like dynamics of the working time fund, dynamics of the number of employed, average number of hours worked during the year per employee, etc. The analyzed timespan is 25 years (from 1991 to 2016). Results. The comparative analysis revealed that in the non-production sphere and the economy as a whole the macroeconomic determinants correlate so that the length of working time per worker reduces. When considering the analysis results for the manufacturing sector, no single trend was identified. Conclusions. One of the key factors affecting the change in working hours is the number of employed. The relationship between the working time fund and the number of employed directly determines the dynamics of working time per worker.

DEVELOPMENT OF PRINCIPLES FOR THE DESIGN OF COMPLEX TECHNICAL MEANS AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF CROP PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
D. N. Radnaev ◽  
Yu. А. Sergeev ◽  
А. А. Abiduev ◽  
S. V. Petunov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Projected Process

Currently, agricultural science and practice has a large amount of experimental data that need to be taken into account in the development of new technological processes and working bodies. Therefore, there is a need to design technical processes in order to identify their effectiveness. In this regard, the use of methods of synthesis of technological processes based on the characteristics of tillage, seeding and production system of the economy, in which it is necessary to implement the projected process. In the General statement of the problem, the design of technological processes is one of the complex problems with the following characteristic feature: lack of knowledge about the methods of designing technological processes, suitable for system - structural modeling and algorithmization of design processes. To overcome this incompleteness, a systematic approach is needed. The system approach proceeds from the fact that the specificity of complex objects and processes is not limited to the features of its constituent parts and elements, but lies in the nature of relationships and relationships between them. In this paper, the design methodology is based on the formulated fundamental assumptions and principles of the whole system of more specific statements, revealing the structure and content of design operations, the synthesis of the choice of solutions. The principles of technological compatibility and emergence suitable for system-structural analysis of complex technical means and technological processes, consisting of statements having a hierarchical structure, where the degree of detail of the goals from level to level increases, and the approval of the last level determines the direction of the search for the optimal solution to the problem.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF SOY DRYING

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bandura ◽  
Oleksandr Popiak
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
State Standard ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
The State ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Technological Processes

Different technologies of soybean seed drying are considered, their positive and negative sides are revealed. A comparative analysis of drying methods was carried out. It is established that the drying of soybean seeds in an electromagnetic field is one of the most promising. A combination of two methods of drying infrared and microwave soybean seeds in a single technological process is proposed. The requirements for the quality of soybean seeds are considered when stored in accordance with the State Standard, in particular the observance of humidity, which should not be more than 12%.

scholarly journals Improvement of the working bodies of the harvesting machines by means of the use of composite materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00191
Author(s):  
Nikita Zhbanov ◽  
Nikolay Byshow ◽  
Natalia Kostenko ◽  
George Rembalovich ◽  
Mihail Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Working Bodies

Potato production is associated with high energy and labor costs, and the final part (harvesting) accounts for the bulk of the costs. When designing potato harvesting technology, the main focus is on the separation of soil impurities, which make up about 97 % with a high yield of 300 kg/ha, and lower yields increase them to 98–99 %. Nowadays, with the advent of new materials and new technologies in agricultural engineering, there is modernization of existing structures using innovative materials, as a result of which some new and having no analogues models are created that can improve the quality of the machine, increase its service life, and reduce energy costs. The effectiveness of the working bodies of potato harvesters determines the ratio of the separating ability of the working body to its energy consumption. As a result of the studies, power parameters and the separating ability of the main working bodies were generalized. The modernization of the separating elevator consists in replacing the metal rods of an existing elevator apron with a similar apron with rods of some composite material. This modernization can significantly reduce the mass of the working body and the whole combine as a whole and reduce energy consumption.

Technology for restoring virgin and fallow lands

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Anastasiya V. Mironova ◽  
Igor’ V. Liskin ◽  
Andrey I. Panov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Soil Recovery ◽  
Agricultural Machines

The soils that are subject to restoration include virgin and fallow lands, neglected pastures, soils overgrown with shrubs and young trees, swampy, with admixtures of hummocks and debris. The article shows the shortest period of restoration of virgin and fallow lands. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in comparative analysis of the need for equipment, economic and labor costs for the restoration of fallow lands using traditional and proposed by VIM technologies. (Materials and methods) Authors determined the indicators that characterize the properties of the soil for its restoration. It has been taken into account that for the treatment of this fallow soil, it is preferable to use combined aggregates or equipment with replaceable working bodies. Authors have compiled a set of aggregates for the proposed by VIM technology for soil recovery. The article shows the most productive and economically viable technology. The calculations of the cost of the necessary units, fuel and lubricants consumption, and labor costs are presented. (Results and discussion) It was determined that the restoration of fallow lands using the technology proposed by VIM reduces the cost of using the machine and tractor fleet by 35 percent by reducing the number of agricultural machines, fuel and lubricants by 17 percent, and the labor costs by 12 percent. The article shows that the efficiency of implementing the technology proposed by VIM for restoring virgin and fallow lands without shrubs and trees can reach 28 percent or more. (Conclusions) From the point of view of ecology, resource and energy saving, the most preferable are soil-processing combined units or agricultural machinery with changing working bodies (including those that perform various tasks). When restoring a 200-hectare section of fallow land with a heavy clay mechanical composition on soils that have not been treated for four consecutive years, according to the proposed VIM technology, the cost of restoration decreased by an average of 28 percent.

scholarly journals Organizational and technological compatibility of the technological processes of second and third line maintenance of KhTZ-3522 tractors

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Roman Kyzminskyj ◽  
Ruslan Barabash
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
Third Line

The work is devoted to systematic substantiation of productivity, production structure and specialization of service stations of KhTZ-3522 tractors. Based on the technical and economic comparative analysis of the results of the technological processes modeling of the second and third line maintenance of KhTZ-3522 tractors, the parametrical series of production structures of service stations both mono- and polytechnological specialization, which can work effectively in a wide range of the general annual program of orders, and in the conditions of seasonal fluctuations of orders for the maintenance of these tractors, are found. The results of calculations of the indicators system for organizational and technological compatibility of technological processes of the second and third line maintenance of KhTZ-3522 tractors in the joint technological flow are presented. The dependencies of these indicators on the total annual program of orders for service stations of different productivity are analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, the polytechnological specialization of such service stations is substantiated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document