scholarly journals COLORIMETRIC VS. CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSES OF ALKALOIDS IN LUPIN SEEDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Paulina Wilczura ◽  
Wojciech Święcicki ◽  
Katarzyna Kamel ◽  
Wiesław Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Colorimetric Test ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Accurate Quantification

A characteristic trait of lupins is a production of alkaloids, which are a toxic and bitter taste compound ofseeds. Due to the lack of fast, sensitive and inexpensive screening techniques to identify and reject high alkaloidplant material, development of suitable tools is important challenges for lupins breeding and seed production.The aim of this study was to compare two alkaloid content estimation methods in Lupinus angustifoliusL. and Lupinus albus L.During the Wagner’s colorimetric test, which is recommended by the UPOV, seed halves were stained onfour colors depending on the alkaloid content but only the level of 0.5% – 0.6% showed clear color change.Gas chromatography allowed accurate quantification and qualification of alkaloid content.Since safe alkaloid content for consumption is 0.02% of seed dry weight, colorimetric method is less usefulfor dividing lupin cultivars into sweet and bitter, than gas chromatography but can be used as a screeningtechnique.

scholarly journals (41) Value-added Products from Agriculture: Sprouts from Canola and Lupin Seeds

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029D-1029
Author(s):  
Harbans Bhardwaj ◽  
Anwar Hamama
Keyword(s):  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Value Added Products

Sprouts from various seeds are considered healthy for human consumption. However, no information is available about sprouts made from canola (Brassica napus L.) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), two new potential alternate crops in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Canola sprouts, on an average, contained (g/100 g, dry weight basis) 38.9 oil, and 61.5, 18.6, 9.2, 7.4, 92.6, 64.8, and 27.8 percent of 18:1, 18:2, 18:3, total unsaturated, total saturated, MUFA, and PUFA fatty acids, respectively, in the oil. Corresponding values for white lupin sprouts were: 6.5, 43.0, 24.9, 9.3, 17.9, 82.1, 47.9, and 34.2. Canola sprouts contained 26.9% protein, whereas white lupin sprouts contained 26.3% protein. Details of these experiments and further results would be presented.

Treatment of Lupin Seed Using the Instantaneous Controlled Pressure Drop Technology to Reduce Alkaloid Content

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Haddad ◽  
M. Muzquiz ◽  
K. Allaf
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Total Alkaloid ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Lupinus Mutabilis ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content

Despite their high protein content, lupin seeds are not as fully utilised as some other grain legumes. The drawback in their utilisation is mainly due to the presence of water soluble, poisonous alkaloids. In this study, an instantaneous controlled pressure drop (DIC) treatment followed by an aqueous extraction was performed on lupin seeds. Two species Lupinus albus and Lupinus mutabilis with different initial total alkaloid content of 0.025% and 5.5% (d.b.), respectively have been studied. Lupanine was the major alkaloid found in both lupin species. Experimental results proved the feasibility of using DIC treatment to reduce the alkaloid content of lupin seeds. Optimised DIC treatment combined with an adequate 2h soaking in water reduced the alkaloid content from 5.5% to 2.2% of L. mutabilis and from 0.025% to 0.0075% of L. albus.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Gene-Targeted dCAPS Marker for Marker-Assisted Selection of Low-Alkaloid Content in Seeds of Narrow-Leafed Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kroc ◽  
Katarzyna Czepiel ◽  
Paulina Wilczura ◽  
Monika Mokrzycka ◽  
Wojciech Święcicki
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Dcaps Marker ◽  
Marker Band ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Development And Validation

Low-alkaloid content is an important breeding target to improve the quality of lupin seeds. An APETALA2/ethylene response transcription factor, RAP2-7, is likely a candidate gene for the major alkaloid locus iucundus, and plays a crucial role in regulation of seed alkaloid content in narrow-leafed lupin (NLL; Lupinus angustifolius L.). Here, we exploited a single-nucleotide polymorphism within RAP2-7 credibly associated with seed alkaloid content, to develop the co-dominant derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) marker iuc_RAP2-7. Marker validation in 202 NLL accessions demonstrated that seed alkaloid content ≥0.9% of the seed dry weight was associated with the high-alkaloid marker band (Iucundus genotypes), whereas alkaloid content up to 0.5% of the seed dry weight was associated with the low-alkaloid marker band (iucundus genotypes). Within a given detection limit, iuc_RAP2-7 unambiguously identified all but three low-alkaloid accessions. The latter accessions apparently have a different regulatory mechanism for seed alkaloid content because the RAP2-7 gene/putative promoter sequence and expression of alkaloid-associated genes in the leaves of the three ambiguous accessions were similar to those of bitter Iucundus lines. We consider the iuc_RAP2-7 marker is a powerful tool that will facilitate NLL marker-assisted selection by rapid rejection of bitter Iucundus genotypes and thus accelerate development of new low-alkaloid cultivars.

scholarly journals Alkaloids in White Lupin and Their Effects on Symbiotic N Fixation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina D. Staples ◽  
Anwar A. Hamama ◽  
Regina Knight-Mason ◽  
Harbans L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Root Nodulation ◽  
Numerical Scale ◽  
Colorimetric Test ◽  
Alkaloid Contents

Seeds of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), known to potentially fix 150 to 200 kg/ha N via Symbiotic N Fixation (SNF), are classified as sweet or bitter based on their alkaloid contents: sweet lupins contain very low whereas bitter lupins contain high contents of alkaloids. However, precise information about effects of alkaloid content on SNF is not very well unknown. Experiments were conducted to determine if alkaloid content in the seed is related to that in other plant tissue such as leaves and pod shells, characterization of relationship between alkaloid concentration and SNF, and to study variation among 126 white lupin accessions for concentration of alkaloids. In the first experiment, the Dragendorff test, a colorimetric test, was used to categorize field-grown lupin lines into 6 categories: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with 0 representing sweet and 5 representing extreme bitterness with bitterness increasing from 0 to 5. In the second experiment, ten lupin lines differing in their Dragendorff score from 0 to four were inoculated with seven bradyrhizobial strains and studied for SNF in a greenhouse. A numerical scale from 0 to 4 with 1 representing absence of nodules and 4 representing many functional nodules was used as a measure of SNF. In the third experiment, concentrations of alkaloids (Dragendorff scores), oil, and protein were studied in 126 accessions.Results indicated that all progenies with Dragendorff score of 1 for the seeds also had the same score for leaves and pod shells. However, this was not true for other progenies. In the case of progenies with Dragendorff scores of 0, 2, 3, or 4 in the seed, the Dragendorff scores for leaves and pod shells were above and below the seed scores indicating existence of variation for alkaloids in various tissues of the lupin plant. Alkaloid content also had significant effects on root nodulation. The interaction between alkaloid categories and bradyrhizobial strains was non-significant. The root nodulation score for lupin lines in alkaloid categories 0, 3, and 4 were similar, indicating that the same bradyrhizobial strain could be used to effectively inoculate sweet and bitter white lupin lines. The root nodulation induced by the seven bradyrhizobial strains were statistically different. It was observed that S96-A15, S96-A19, and S96-B9 were more efficient bradyrhizobial strains whereas S96-A5 was observed to be less efficient for root nodulation. Significant variation existed among 126 white lupin accessions for Dragendorff score and concentrations of oil and protein. The alkaloid content did not affect oil content in the seed, however, alkaloid content significantly affected protein content. The results indicated that bitter seeds had higher protein content.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Glucosinolates and the Sensory Characteristics of Steamed-Pureed Turnip (Brassica Rapa subsp. Rapa L.)

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Nurfarhana Diana Mohd Nor ◽  
Stella Lignou ◽  
Luke Bell ◽  
Carmel Houston-Price ◽  
Kate Harvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sensory Panel ◽  
Brassica Vegetables ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are phytochemical compounds that can be found in Brassica vegetables. Seven separate batches of steamed-pureed turnip were assessed for GSL content using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and for sensory attributes by sensory profiling (carried out by a trained sensory panel). Twelve individual GSLs, which included 7 aliphatic, 4 indole and 1 arylaliphatic GSL, were identified across all batches. There were significant differences in individual GSL content between batches, with gluconasturtiin as the most abundant GSL. The total GSL content ranged from 16.07 to 44.74 μmol g−1 dry weight (DW). Sensory profiling concluded there were positive correlations between GSLs and bitter taste and negative correlations between GSLs (except glucobrassicanapin) and sweet taste. The batches, which had been purchased across different seasons, all led to cooked turnip that contained substantial levels of GSLs which were subsequently all rated as bitter.

scholarly journals White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) – nutritional and health values in human nutrition – a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prusinski Janusz
Keyword(s):  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Health Values ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Lupin Seeds

White lupin seeds have been used in human nutrition and treatment for several thousand years. Nowadays the use of white lupin seeds is limited by a small scale of their production. However, in the last 20 years quite new properties of white lupin have been discovered for the application in the production of different kinds of functional food. Unique traits of protein, fatty acids with a desirable ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 acids, and fibre as well as other specific components, for example oligosaccharides and antioxidants or non-starch carbohydrates, make white lupin an excellent component in many healthy diets. The effects of white lupin components concern the physiological condition of the human body, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, lipid concentration, glycaemia, appetite, insulin resistance, and colorectal cancer. Seeds are used among others for the production of gluten-free flour, bacterial and fungal fermented products, noodle and pasta products, as substitutes of meat, egg protein and sausages, also are cooked, roasted and ground and mixed with cereal flour in the production of bread, crisps and pasta, crisps and dietary dishes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Parts of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. from Different Chinese Areas by Multicomponent Content Determination and Pattern Recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Min Wei ◽  
Yangling Tuo ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Qi Deng ◽  
Cuiying Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Accurate Quantification

The purpose of this work is to establish a new method using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) with chemometrics analysis to determine the content of catechin, isoquercetin, astragalin, phloridzin, trilobatin, and phloretin for one flavanol and five flavonoids, filter out the key compounds, and evaluate the quality of 26 batches of tender leaves and flower spikes of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. (LP) from ten areas in China. The result showed that the HPLC-DAD method had excellent performance for accurate quantification analysis. S3 (tender leaf from Lushan, Sichuan) had the highest contents for six measured chemicals with trilobatin content of up to 27.82% in dry weight. S22 (flower spike from Liangping, Chongqing) had the highest content of phloridzin (up to 7.28%). All samples were divided into three types based on spatial distribution using principal component analysis. The result showed that the tender leaves and flower spikes from the same areas had many similar properties, and there were significant differences between the samples from different regions. Furthermore, phloridzin and trilobatin were identified as chemical markers for quality evaluation of two parts with different tender leaves and flower spikes of LP from geographical areas by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis. These results will be helpful to establish an effective and comprehensive evaluation system of the development and utilization of LP resources.

scholarly journals Quantification of Biologically Fixed Nitrogen by White Lupin (Lupins albus L.) and Its Subsequent Uptake by Winter Wheat Using the 15N Isotope Dilution Method

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Stanisław Kalembasa ◽  
Jerzy Szukała ◽  
Agnieszka Faligowska ◽  
Dorota Kalembasa ◽  
Barbara Symanowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Isotope Dilution Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
First Year ◽  
Lupin Seeds

A field experiment was carried out in 2016–2018 in a white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Bogatka’) crop rotation. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of nitrogen (N) that was biologically fixed by the white lupin crop in the first year of the rotation and to estimate how much of this N was then taken up from the lupin residues by winter wheat in the second and third years of the rotation. Biologically fixed N was determined by the isotope-dilution method (ID15N) by applying 30 kg N ha−1 of 15N-labeled fertilizer (15NH4)2SO4 (containing 20.1 at.% 15N) to the white lupin and the reference plant spring wheat. The yields of white lupin seeds and crop residues were 3.92 t ha−1 and 4.30 t ha−1, respectively. The total amount of N in the white lupin biomass was 243.2 kg ha−1, which included 209.3 kg ha−1 in the seeds and 33.9 kg ha−1 in the residues. The 15N-labeled residue of white lupin was cut and ploughed into soil. Our results indicate that 111.2 kg N ha−1 was fixed from the atmosphere by the lupin plants, with 93.7 kg ha−1 found in the seeds and 17.5 kg ha−1 in the residues. In the second and third years of the rotation when winter wheat was cultivated, the plots were divided into two groups of subplots (1) without N-fertilization (control) and (2) with an application of 100 kg N ha−1. In the first year of winter wheat cultivation, 20.0% and 21.0% of N from the crop residues was taken up by the control and N-fertilization plots, respectively, while in the second year, uptake was lower at 7.12% and 9.27% in the control and N-fertilized plots, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of extruding on ruminal disappearance and lower gastrointestinal tract digestion of white lupin seeds

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Kibelolaud ◽  
M. Vernay ◽  
C. Bayourthe ◽  
R. Moncoulon
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Outflow Rate ◽  
Lupin Seeds

The effect of extruding white lupin (Lupinus albus 'Lublanc') seeds (WLS) at 110, 130, 150 or 180 °C on the in vitro solubility of crude protein (CP) and in sacco rumen degradation and intestinal digestion of rumen escape CP and fiber was determined. Rumen degradation was estimated by incubating nylon bags in the rumen of cows for 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h. Extruding WLS at 110, 130, 150 and 180 °C reduced the CP-solubility by 32.8, 47.7, 58.4 and 67.5%, respectively. The effective ruminal degradabilities of CP, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were evaluated assuming a ruminal outflow rate of 0.06 h−1. Heating WLS at 110, 130, 150 and 180 °C decreased the ruminal degradability of CP value: 89.8, 79.9, 65.1, 61.8 vs. 93.4% (raw), respectively; the corresponding values for ADF and NDF were: 38.4, 35.3, 34.2, 27.6 vs. 43.6% (raw) and 37.7, 33.1, 32.2, 26.5 vs. 39.4% (raw). Postruminal digestion was estimated using a sequence of ruminal in situ incubation for 4, 8 and 16 h, in vitro incubation in an acid-pepsin bath for 3 h and a mobile nylon bag technique distal to the abomasum. Extrusion of WLS decreased the degradability of CP, ADF and NDF in the rumen with a corresponding increase in the amounts digested in the postruminal sections; the whole-tract digestibility was generally unchanged. Therefore, the processing shifted the digestion of these components from rumen to the lower gastrointestinal tract. Key words: White lupin seed, in vitro solubility, rumen degradability, postruminal digestion, crude protein, detergent fiber

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