scholarly journals JUAN MANUEL CAGIGAL (1803-1856) Y SU MEMORIA SOBRE LAS INTEGRALES LIMITADAS: UNA AVENTURA DEL PENSAMIENTO

PARADIGMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 253-285
Author(s):  
Walter O. Beyer K.
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Integral Calculus ◽  
Mathematical Writing ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Political Economic

El presente estudio consiste en una descripción y análisis crítico del libro Memoria sobre las integrales limitadas, escrita por Juan Manuel Cagigal (1803-1856) y editada póstumamente en 1929. Elaborada en una fecha aún no determinada con precisión es el único escrito matemático suyo que aún existe. Circuló inicialmente en forma manuscrita y fue empleada como texto en la Academia de Matemáticas de Caracas. Su Memoria no pretende ser un aporte original a las matemáticas teniendo una finalidad didáctica y de difusión de los avances del Cálculo Integral de su época, siguiendo muy de cerca las ideas de Cauchy. La obra coexistió con diversos libros de cálculo escritos por distintos autores europeos. El análisis está circunscrito por la realidad socio-política, económica y educativa de la Venezuela del siglo XIX. Como punto importante se consideran algunos aspectos polémicos e inciertos acerca de la vida del autor.Palabras clave: Integrales limitadas, Juan Manuel Cagigal, Academia de Matemáticas de Caracas.Juan Manuel Cagigal (1803-1856) e sua Memoria sobre las integrales limitadas: Uma Aventura do PensamentoResumoEste estudo consiste na descrição e análise crítica do livro Memoria sobre las integrales limitadas, escrito por Juan Manuel Cagigal (1803-1856) e publicado postumamente em 1929. Elaborado em data ainda não determinada com precisão, é a única escrita matemática sua que ainda existe. Inicialmente, circulou na forma manuscrita e foi usado como texto na Academia de Matemática de Caracas. Sua Memória não pretende ser uma contribuição original à matemática, tendo uma finalidade didática e difundir os avanços do Cálculo Integral de sua época, seguindo de perto as idéias de Cauchy. A obra coexistiu com vários livros de cálculo escritos por diferentes autores europeus. A análise é circunscrita pela realidade sócio-política, econômica e educacional da Venezuela do século XIX. Como ponto importante, são considerados alguns aspectos controversos e incertos sobre a vida do autor.Palavras chave: Integrais limitados, Juan Manuel Cagigal, Academia de Matemática de CaracasJuan Manuel Cagigal (1803-1856) and his Memoria sobre las integrales limitadas: An Adventure of ThoughtAbstractThis study consists of a description and critical analysis of the book Memoria sobre las integrales limitadas, written by Juan Manuel Cagigal (1803-1856) and published posthumously in 1929. Prepared on a date not yet precisely determined, it is the only mathematical writing of his that still exists. It initially circulated in handwritten form and was used as a text in the Academy of Mathematics of Caracas. His Memoria does not pretend to be an original contribution to mathematics having a didactic purpose and to disseminate the advances in Integral Calculus of its time, closely following Cauchy's ideas. The work coexisted with various calculus books written by different European authors. The analysis is circumscribed by the socio-political, economic and educational reality of 19th Venezuelan century. As an important point, some controversial and uncertain aspects about the author's life are also considered.Key Words: Limited integrals, Juan Manuel Cagigal, Academy of Mathematics of Caracas

Global Sport

2018 ◽  
pp. 596-612
Author(s):  
Richard Giulianotti
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Sport For Development ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Sociocultural Issues ◽  
The Olympic Games

World sport often appears as one of the most powerful illustrations of globalization in action. This chapter provides a critical analysis of global sport. Four major areas of research and debate on global sport are examined: political–economic issues, centering particularly on the commercial growth of sport and inequalities between different regions; global sport mega-events such as the Olympic Games or World Cup finals in football; the emergence and institutionalization of the global sport for development and peace; and sociocultural issues, notably the importance of global sport to diverse and shifting forms of identity and belonging. Concluding recommendations are provided on areas for future research into global sport.

scholarly journals Energy Poverty and Sustainable Economic Development: An Exploration of Correlations and Interdependencies in European Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7640
Author(s):  
Blanka Tundys ◽  
Agnieszka Bretyn ◽  
Maciej Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Energy And Climate Policy

The problem of energy poverty exists in practically every European country. Its size and scope are determined by a variety of factors, ranging from economic development to the direction of energy and climate policy implementation to cultural factors. Our aim in this paper was to carry out a comparative analysis of indicators related to energy poverty and sustainable development to identify correlations and links between the two issues and determine how they are related. The fact that the analysis was performed for most European countries is new and represents a broad spectrum of research; we were not limited to studies of countries bound by formal political-economic arrangements or by consideration of the degree of economic development. This approach enabled explication of how diverse the situation is in Europe. The research methods used included a critical analysis of the literature and the use of descriptive and mathematical-statistical tools. The main conclusions and findings of the analysis were that in some countries in economically developed Europe, energy poverty is a major problem, and that, in this respect, there are large differences between “old European Union” and “new European Union” countries, and in the countries that do not belong to political-economic structures in Europe. It is clear, from the research, which countries are rapidly and effectively reducing their energy poverty problems and which factors are the determinants of this. These results are linked to the new direction of energy policy and the shift towards more environmentally friendly energy use. In conclusion, it has been possible to identify the causes of energy poverty and how the energy poverty situation in Europe is changing.

The Marxist Origins of Qadhafi's Economic Thought

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami G. Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Green Book ◽  
Political Economic

My aim is to provide an exposition and a critical analysis of Mu'ammar al-Qadhafi's economic theory as derived from Part II of his Green Book, and since it is basically an essay of conclusions, sweeping generalisations, and ‘final’ or ‘ultimate’ solutions to man's political, economic, and social problems, my primary interest is to examine his intellectual sources.

scholarly journals Politics of Education in Curriculum Development Policy in Indonesia from 1947 to 2013: A Documentary Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-56
Author(s):  
Alhamuddin ◽  
Ahmad Fanani ◽  
Ilyas Yasin ◽  
Andi Murniati
Keyword(s):  
Curriculum Development ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Politics Of Education ◽  
Curriculum Policy ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Political Economic

The dynamics of curriculum development in Indonesia from 1947 to the latest 2013 curriculum cannot be separated from political influence. This paper investigates the politics of educational policy in Indonesia’s curriculum development from 1947 to 2013, a critical analysis of various polemics about Indonesian education’s aims and contents in schools. This paper is documentary research, which refers to related previous documents or literature. The study results indicate that the development of Indonesia’s education curriculum is closely influenced by political, economic, social, cultural, and globalization factors. The formulated curriculum content cannot be separated from these factors’ influence, as the 2013 curriculum was recently implemented. Of all these factors, government interests and political paradigms have the most significant influence in changing, developing, and refining the curriculum from time to time. The 2013 curriculum policy is intended to improve the various deficiencies that existed in the previous curriculum. The 2013 curriculum is structured by developing and strengthening attitudes, knowledge, and skills in a balanced manner. This research’s implication is hoped that policymakers can consider it in developing curriculum in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Neoliberalism Within Psychology Higher Education in Indonesia: A Critical Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Wijaya Mulya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Political Economic

Critical scholars have demonstrated the ways in which neoliberalism has increasingly become a dominant organising principle in current global political, economic, and social practices, including in higher education. This article aims to explore how and to what extent neo-liberal discourses have operated in a specific context, namely, in psychology higher education in Indonesia. To this end, the author examined policy documents published by relevant authorities such as AP2TPI, Dirjen DIKTI, and BAN-PT; and reflect on how those policies were enacted in the author’s 10-year experience as a psychology lecturer in a university in Indonesia. The results show that neoliberal discourses such as standardisation, competitiveness, and market orientation have underpinned the policies, curricula, and practices of psychology higher education in Indonesia. The author argues that such discourses (re)produce psychology students, graduates, and lecturers who are competitive, result-oriented, and market-driven. Consequently, democratic, humane, and organic ways of learning and practicing psychology have given way to more mechanistic, standardised, and box-ticking approaches to human behaviour.

scholarly journals Integration processes in the post-Soviet space: achievements and problems

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 4 (18)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Artur Avakov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is devoted to the most famous integration organizations and programs in the post-Soviet space: CIS, CSTO, EAEU, GUAM, Union State of Belarus and Russia, Eastern Partnership. The work analyzes the stages of their formation, achievements and problems. For this, a systematic approach, a method of critical analysis, comparative historical and other scientific methods of cognition were used. Despite the collapse of the Soviet Union, political, economic and cultural ties between the new republics were preserved. After the USSR ceased to exist, a demand arose in the states of the post-Soviet space for new legal mechanisms and organizational formalization of these ties. The coexistence and struggle of various interests in the post-Soviet space predetermined a number of features in the emergence and functioning of integration projects.  

scholarly journals Las pestilentes “mansiones de la muerte”. Los cementerios de la ciudad de México 1870-1890

Revista Trace ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Sonia Alcaraz Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premier Lieu ◽  
Porfirio Diaz ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The City

Para el gobierno de Porfirio Díaz y Manuel González (1876-1911), la propagación de una epidemia en la capital se vislumbraba no sólo como un problema de salud pública sino, además, como una amenaza a los intereses políticos, económicos y sociales de la nación. A finales del siglo XIX, la insalubridad de los cementerios de la ciudad de México provocaba una consternación general que se refleja en los escritos de todos los observadores. En primer lugar, los escritores y cronistas hacen un balance del estado de los cementerios de la ciudad; por su parte, los médicos e higienistas proponen soluciones prácticas para que los cementerios se transformen en ámbitos saludables. Finalmente, las autoridades sanitarias de la ciudad toman el relevo e imponen medidas de higiene pública en materia funeraria entre los años 1870 y los años 1890.Abstract: For the government of Porfirio Diaz and Manuel González (1876-1911), the spreading of a major epidemic over the city was considered not only as a public health problem but also as a threat to the nation’s political, economic and social interests. At the end of the XIXth Century, the unhealthy conditions of the cemeteries of Mexico city was a matter of a great concern among different social observers. Writers and chroniclers criticize the cemeteries conditions in that period. For their part, physicians and hygienists propose practical solutions to transform the cemeteries into healthy ambiances. Finally, the sanitary authorities impose measurements of public hygiene in funeral matters in the years 1870-1890.Résumé : Pour le gouvernement de Porfirio Díaz et Manuel González (1876-1911), la diffusion d’une épidémie dans la capitale était considérée tant comme un problème de santé publique que comme une menace à l’encontre des intérêts politiques, économiques et sociaux de la nation. À la fin du XIXe siècle, l’insalubrité des cimetières de la ville de Mexico provoqua une consternation générale qui se reflète sous la plume de tous les observateurs. En premier lieu, écrivains et chroniqueurs font l’état des lieux des cimetières de la ville. Médecins et hygiénistes pour leur part proposent des solutions pratiques pour faire en sorte que les cimetières deviennent des espaces salutaires. Enfin, les autorités sanitaires de la ville prennent le relais, imposent des mesures d’hygiène publique en matière funéraire dans les années 1870-1890.

scholarly journals La Hermenéutica frente al desafío de la técnica digital. | Hermeneutics and the challenge of digital technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Capurro
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The One ◽  
La Red ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Siglo Xx

Resumen Vivimos en sociedades basadas en redes digitales de communicación, popularizadas y globalizadas. Tal vez sea esta una razón que explique por qué la hermenéutica haya perdido aparentemente el interés académico que tuvo en el siglo XIX como metodología de las ciencias humanas y en el siglo XX como autocomprensión de la existencia humana. La hermenéutica del siglo XXI enfrenta el desafío teórico y práctico de la técnica digital al que puede responder con un digital turn que desemboque en una hermenéutica digital. Este trabajo investiga el origen de la conjunción entre hermenéutica y técnica de la información. La hermenéutica de la red digital es paradójica ya que es la técnica digital misma la que posibilita el distanciamiento crítico de un sujeto hermenéutico “fuerte” y al mismo tiempo es dicho distanciamiento el que posibilita la crítica a un posible endurecimiento del code informacional cuya posibilidad prevee Lawrence Lessig.  Palavras llave hermenéutica; técnica de la información; red digital Abstract We live in societies based on digital networks of communication that have become popular and globalized. This may account for the loss of the academic interest that hermeneutics enjoyed in the 19th century as methodology, and in the 20th century as self-understanding of human existence. Hermeneutics in the 21st century faces the challenge of digital technology. Can there be a digital hermeneutics? This paper explores the origin of the conjunction between hermeneutics and information technology. A hermeneutics of the digital network is paradoxical because digital technology itself enables both a critical analysis of a “strong” hermeneutical subject and a powerful informational code such as the one criticized by, for example, Lawrence Lessig. Key words hermeneutics; information technology; digital networks 

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-102
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Sunni Islam ◽  
Shi‘I Islam ◽  
Contemporary Islam

What is the situation of religious freedom in contemporary Islam? What are the positions of conservative and reformist Muslims on blasphemy, apostasy and heresy? Are there any substantive differences between Sunnis and Shi‘is on the main points of this subject? What is this book’s original contribution to scholarship? Although the focus of this book is the critical analysis of religious freedom and the penalty sanctioned for the commission of blasphemy and apostasy from a Shi‘i perspective, this inquiry would be incomplete without a review of the general outline of Sunni Muslim positions on the same subjects. Thus, Section one of this Introduction explores the literature review on religious freedom, blasphemy and apostasy in contemporary Sunni Islam. Section two, which is more detailed, engages in a similar literature review, but from the perspective of contemporary Shi‘i Islam. These two sections allow a comparative study of Islam’s two major denominations, their exchanges, influences and effects. Section three describes the story of how this book unfolded, analyses the genealogy of the author’s ideas in detail, introduces novel ideas applied by other Sunni and Shi‘i thinkers, and highlights the original contribution made by this book.

scholarly journals Colonial World of Postcolonial Historians: Reification, Theoreticism, and the Neoliberal Reinvention of Tribal Identity in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 002190962093004
Author(s):  
Bhabani Shankar Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Tribal Identity ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
Neoliberal India ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Identity Formations

This article develops a critical analysis of the colonial world of the postcolonial historians whose works inadvertently contribute to the process of reconstituting the colonial construction of tribal identities in neoliberal India. The monolithic and colonial construction of tribal identities in postcolonial India reinforces and preserves tribal identities along the lines of the colonial methods of identity formation based on territorialization. The article highlights the problematic features of the territorialization and deterritorialization of tribal identities and their reconstitution. Territorial-based identity formation is now being used and sustained by the neoliberal political and economic ruling and non-ruling elites in order to exploit tribal communities. The existence of upper-caste and class-based Hindu social order is concomitant with a social hierarchy based on the exploitation of tribal communities in India. This article locates the colonial and neoliberal capitalist logic of identity formation that serves elites, and helps to advance the neoliberal political-economic project of the Hindu right. A postmodern logic of identity formation facilitates the expansion of the neoliberal capitalist economy with the process of Hinduization. It contributes to identity formations that divide the people on territorial grounds. The article is divided into four parts. The first outlines the philosophical basis of identity formation and its links with neoliberalism; the second deals with identity formation based on territory; part three documents the debates on tribal identity formation in postcolonial India; and the final part elucidates the capitalist logic inherent in territorial-based identity formations.

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