scholarly journals Pengujian Perbandingan Ketahanan Berbagai Busi Sepeda Motor dengan Menggunakan Alat Busi Tester

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Indra Hasan ◽  
Denur
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Comparative Test ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Automotive Technology ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sophisticated Technology

The development of automotive technology is very fast, we can find this in today's vehicles that use a lot of very sophisticated technology, namely in terms of engines, electricity, and its newest features, especially on two-wheeled vehicles. Therefore, the user community is required to be more selective in choosing a vehicle both in terms of quality and quantity. Including in the selection of spare parts on vehicle engines must use good quality, this is useful as a motorbike power booster, especially in the ignition system, namely spark plugs as a vital tool that sprinkles sparks in the combustion chamber. Recently, many spark plugs have been found that are not good enough so that the power generated by the vehicle is reduced. The purpose of this test is as a Comparative Test of the Endurance of Various Motorcycle Spark Plugs by Using a Spark Plug Tester so that it can be seen that the spark plug is suitable or not used in the vehicle which aims to get maximum performance.

scholarly journals Analisa posisi derajat tonjolan magnet (trigger magnet) pada konsumsi bahan bakar

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Fatkur Rhohman ◽  
Susdi Subandriyo ◽  
Hesti Istiqlaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Rotation Rate ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Independent Variable

In automotive, many various modifications are made to improve engine performance. One that is done is to maximize the combustion that occurs in the combustion chamber. By maximizing the ignition system in the combustion process, it is expected to enlarge sparks from spark plugs. One of the components affecting the combustion process is Magnet, serves to generate electricity that will become a high voltage electric current and allow the occurrence of spark jumps on the spark plug. In this study, the independent variable is the modified tregger magnet which is reversed 0.50, to 9.50 and 90. in general there is no significant difference. Fcount value for result on magnetic trigger type = 3.00 <F (0.05; 2.24) = 3.40 (rejected H0) means reversing the 90 and 9.50 magnetic triggers does not significantly influence. In addition, Fcount for 6000, 7000, 8000 rpm engine yield = 1.00 <F (0.05; 2.24) = 3.40 (Rejected H0) means the engine's rotation rate has no significant effect. So there is no effect of fuel consumption on the modified magnetic trigger, nor at rpm 6000, rpm 7000 and rpm 8000.

Torch Ignition: Ideal for Lean Burn Premixed-Charge Engines

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Mavinahally ◽  
D. N. Assanis ◽  
K. R. Govinda Mallan ◽  
K. V. Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Load Conditions

Sluggish flame initiation and propagation, and even potential misfiring, become major problems with lean-fueled, premixed-charge, spark-ignited engines. This work studies torch ignition as a means for improving combustion, fuel economy, and emissions of a retrofitted, large combustion chamber with nonideal spark plug location. A number of alternative configurations, employing different torch chamber designs, spark-plug locations, and materials, were tested under full-load and part-load conditions. Results indicate a considerable extension of the lean operating limit of the engine, especially under part-load conditions. In addition, torch ignition can lead to substantial thermal efficiency gains for either leaner or richer air-fuel ratios than the optimum for the conventional ignition system. On the richer side, in particular, the torch-ignited engine is capable of operating at maximum brake torque spark timings, rather than compromised, knock-limited spark timings used with conventional ignition. This translates into thermal efficiency improvements as high as 8 percent at an air-fuel ratio of 20:1 and full load.

Catacomb culture wagons of the Eurasian steppes

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (340) ◽  
pp. 378-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Shishlina ◽  
D.S. Kovalev ◽  
E.R. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Catacomb Culture

The origin and development of wheeled vehicles continues to fascinate today no less than when Stuart Piggott (1974) first wrote about the subject inAntiquity40 years ago. A growing number of examples from the steppes of southern Russia and Ukraine are providing new insights into the design and construction of these complex artefacts. A recent example from the Ulan IV burial mound illustrates the techniques employed and the mastery of materials, with careful selection of the kinds of wood used for the wheels, axles and other elements. Stable isotope analysis of the individual interred in this grave showed that he had travelled widely, emphasising the mobility of steppe populations.

Ignition System Designed to Extend the Plug Life, and the Lean Limit in a Natural Gas Engine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Chan ◽  
S. H. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Dc System ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Discharge Duration ◽  
Lean Limit

An ignition system that is based on the alternating (AC) rather than the traditional direct (DC) current in the spark plug discharge has been developed at the Caterpillar Technical Center. This system can generate a long duration discharge with controllable power. It is believed that such an ignition system can provide both a leaner operating limit and a longer spark plug life than a traditional DC system due to the long discharge duration and the low discharge power. The AC ignition system has successfully been tested on a Caterpillar single cylinder G3500 natural gas engine to determine the effects on the engine performance, combustion characteristics and emissions. The test results indicate that while the AC ignition system has only a small impact on engine performance (with respect to a traditional DC system), it does extend the lean limit with lower NOx emissions. Evidences also show the potential of reduce spark plug electrode erosions from the low breakdown and sustaining discharge powers from the AC ignition system. This paper summarizes the prototype design and engine demonstration results of the AC ignition system.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) DAN WEIGHTED PRODUCT (WP) DALAM SISTEM PENUNJANG PEMILIHAN LAPTOP TERFAVORIT MENGGUNAKAN GUI MATLAB

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Abdiel Pandapotan Manullang ◽  
Alan Prahutama ◽  
Rukun Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Access Memory ◽  
A Value ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
Color Screen ◽  
Selection Of

Laptops have become an important requirement for most students is to support educational activities and business activities. The number of brands of laptops or types of laptops that exist makes consumers especially students have their own preferences in choosing a laptop. The method can be used to select the favorite laptop are SAW (Simple Additive weighting) and WP (Weighted Product). Both of these methods are the methods used to solve the problem of MADM (Multi Attribute Decision Making). There are 30 types of laptops that will be used in the selection of the favorite laptops.For the selection criteria for the type of laptop that is priced, RAM (Random Access Memory), HDD (hard drive), a processor, a VGA (Video Graphics Array), weight, color, screen size, service centers, warranty, availability of spare parts, battery capacity, equipped with OS and application software. Selection of the favorite type of laptop is done with the help of MATLAB (Graphical User Interface) GUI (Matrix Laboratory) as a computing tool. SAW method and WP, in this research showed the same results that the most favored type of laptop laptop mode DEL INSPIRON 15Z-5523 with a value preference for SAW method amounted to 0.9518 while the WP method amounted to 0.9511.Keywords: SAW, WP, Laptop, favorite, GUI 

scholarly journals Use of the mathematical model of the ignition system to analyze the spark discharge, including the destruction of spark plug electrodes

Open Physics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Różowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Discharge ◽  
Fuel Additives ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract The paper presents the results of analytical and experimental studies concerning the influence of different kinds of fuel additives on the quality of the spark discharge for different configurations of the ignition system. The wear of the spark plug electrode and the value of spark discharge were determined for various impurities and configurations of the air-fuel mixture.

The effect of advanced ignition system on gasoline low temperature combustion

2019 ◽  
pp. 146808741986754
Author(s):  
Hanho Yun ◽  
Cherian Idicheria ◽  
Paul Najt
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Stable Combustion ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Valve Overlap

Engines operating in low temperature combustion during positive valve overlap operation offer significant benefits of high fuel economy over the low temperature combustion during negative valve overlap operation. Significant efficiency improvement was achieved by the increased gamma and lower pumping loss. However, NOx emissions were increased due to reliance on the flame-induced combustion. In this study, the corona ignition system was evaluated to reduce NOx emissions during positive valve overlap operation while maintaining the benefit of efficiency gain. The tests were performed in a 2.2-L multi-cylinder engine. The results show that the ignition delay is always shorter with the corona ignition system than with the spark plug. The corona ignition system is able to support stable combustion (coefficient of variation of indicated mean effective pressure <3%) in a lower load during positive valve overlap operation than the spark plug, which gives us additional efficiency benefit. Since the corona ignition system promotes simultaneous ignition of the mixture at multiple locations in the combustion chamber as opposed to ignition being limited to the spark gap channel, the dependence of the flame burn for stable combustion during positive valve overlap operation minimizes, which leads to lower NOx emissions over the spark plug.

Development of an Open Path Laser Ignition System for a Large Bore Natural Gas Engine: Part 1 — System Design

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Ahrens ◽  
Azer P. Yalin ◽  
Daniel B. Olsen ◽  
Gi-Heon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Electrode Erosion ◽  
Laser Ignition ◽  
Ignition System ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Engine Part ◽  
Beam Delivery

Using a laser, as opposed to a conventional (electrical) spark plug, to create a combustion initiating spark is potentially advantageous for several reasons: flexibility in choosing and optimizing the spark location, in particular to move the spark away from solid heat sinks; production of a more robust spark containing more energy; and obviation of electrode erosion problems. These advantages may lead to an extension of the lean limit, an increase in engine thermal efficiency, and the concomitant benefits of reduced pollutant emissions. This paper presents the design of a laser ignition system appropriate for a large bore natural gas engine. Design considerations include: optimization of spark location, design of beam delivery system and optical plug, and mitigation of vibration and thermal effects. Engine test results will be presented in the second paper of this two-paper series.

Propulsion Dynamic Requirements Analysis for Multi-Axle Skid-Steer Wheeled Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Yacoub ◽  
Ahmed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Turning Radius ◽  
Four Wheel Drive ◽  
Driving Torque ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Multi-axle skid-steer wheeled vehicles have the advantages of simplicity and enhanced traction. That’s why they are used in off-road environments and also in mobile robots. In the present work, a dynamic analysis of the propulsion system requirements for multi-axle wheeled vehicles is investigated. As the multi-axle wheeled vehicle differentially steers at a smaller turning radius, the driving torque requirements approach their peak. The adhesion at each tire of the multi-axle vehicle and its relation to the contact patches are analyzed. The analysis presented starts with four wheel drive, six wheel drive and eight wheel drive vehicles, then it is widened to n-wheel drive vehicles. A generic formula for obtaining the propulsion torque requirements for multi-axle skid-steer wheeled vehicles is presented. The analysis is extended to include experimental validation of the obtained analytical results. The experimental work includes three small electrically driven skid-steer vehicles; four wheel drive vehicle, six wheel drive vehicle and eight wheel drive vehicle. The selection of the drive motors for each of those vehicles was based on the proposed formula. Each of the three vehicles was tested in the worst case adhesion torque requirement. The experimental results showed that the proposed formula is capable, to a great extent, to predict the torque requirements for the multi-axle skid-steer wheeled vehicles in the design phase.

THE OXIDATION, IGNITION, AND DETONATION OF FUEL VAPORS AND GASES: XV. THE CONCENTRATION OF FINELY DIVIDED CARBON IN TOWN GAS-AIR MIXTURES REQUIRED TO INDUCE SEVERE KNOCKING COMBUSTION

1950 ◽  
Vol 28f (6) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
R. O. King ◽  
E. J. Durand ◽  
A. B. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Carbon Deposit ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Measured Rate ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Crank Angle

When using gaseous fuels for the C.F.R. engine, the lubricating oil decomposed to finely divided carbon when the gas was hydrogen and optimum spark advance nearly zero. When town gas was used, optimum spark advance varied from 85 to 15 degrees of crank angle, according to mixture strength, and the lubricant yielded carbon of the hard adherent graphitic variety. When using an L head engine having a combustion chamber with a large surface-to-volume ratio and with the spark plug so placed that optimum spark advance for town gas was approximately half that required with the C.F.R. engine, no appreciable carbon deposit of any variety was obtained. Conditions were therefore such that knocking combustion observed on adding finely divided carbon to the gas–air mixture was not caused to any appreciable degree by carbon derived from the lubricant. It was then found on adding carbon, as graphite dust, at a measured rate to the entering mixture, that approximately 0.3 mgm. in the end gas caused a knock intensity of the degree required to reduce brake horsepower by from 10 to 14%.

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