scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression among Individuals who are Confined to their Homes due to Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Sheena Shamoon ◽  
Khushbakht Ms. ◽  
Saleha Ahmed Khan ◽  
Maheen Sajid ◽  
Syeda Rija Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Aims/objectives: Coronavirus pandemic has been declared a health emergency worldwide. Millions of people have been affected by it. The objective of this study was to assess anxiety and depression among people who are confined to their homes due to the covid-19 pandemic so that measures can be taken to reduce the frequency and effects of psychological distress during mass lockdowns in the future.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of educated adults of Rawalpindi and Islamabad who have been under strict lockdown. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used. Informed consent was taken. Data were collected via a questionnaire based on the HADS scale. For data analysis, SPSS version 25 was used.Results: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 615 individuals, out of which 15 did not meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The majority were females (80.2%). The average age was 22.6 years. 37.5% were found to have anxiety, whereas 21% had depression. Borderline cases of anxiety and depression were 27.5% and 28.3%, respectively. The frequency of anxiety and depression was found to be higher in females than males, 39.5% vs 29.4%, and 22.4% vs 11.5% respectively. The correlation of HADS scores with other demographic parameters was studied, but no significant relationship was found.Conclusions: The study reveals a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among individuals during lockdowns. The development of a comprehensive educational and emotional support system is required for the improvement of the mental health of individuals.

scholarly journals Dentition status and treatment needs of human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients on anti retro viral therapy in Raichur taluk, Karnataka, India: A cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikanth Muralidharan ◽  
Arunkumar Acharya ◽  
Shanthi Margabandhu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Therapy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Convenience Sampling

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the study was to assess the dentition status and the treatment needs of the HIV-positive patients on ART for more than a year in Raichur, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: Convenience sampling was followed. The sample size was 170. The dentition status and treatment needs of the patients were recorded as per the WHO guidelines. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was 79.4%. Males had higher percentage of dental caries than the females, and this was found to be statistically significant. The prevalence of dental caries was higher among the participants who used finger to clean their teeth compared to the toothbrush, neem stick, and charcoal users, and this was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of dental caries was observed among the study population. Most of them required some type of treatment. Patients with a low CD4 count required higher treatments than the others.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Sahto ◽  
Amir Shahzad ◽  
Ruqayya
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: The aim behind this study was assess the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and associated risk factors in patients with hypertension. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: One year. Setting: Department of Medicine People’s Medical University, Shaheed Benazeerabad. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based study in which sampling was done through a purposive sampling technique. A total of 160 patients admitted with stroke were included in our study. After taking informed consent patient’s relevant history and examination were carried out. CT-Scan was done to confirm and different between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Ischemic stroke was observed in 105(66%) patients and 55(34%) were suffered hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was 100% in both types of storks in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.Rate of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were significantly high in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke in our population. Among associated factors gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking were prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

scholarly journals AWARENESS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY AS A PROFESSION AMONG PRE-MEDICAL STUDENTS OF PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT COLLEGES

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Sadaf Shafqat ◽  
Sarah Omer ◽  
Marina Ayub ◽  
Asma Faheem ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intermediate Students ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Convenience Sampling

OBJECTIVE To determine the awareness and perception of Physical Therapy as a career among the intermediate students of Karachi. STUDY DESIGN It is a cross sectional study. STUDY SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS The settings of this study were two Private and two Government sector Intermediate colleges, offering Pre-medical and participants were students studying in these colleges. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE Non-probability convenience sampling technique. RESULTS Results revealed that only 13.5% of students were well aware of physical therapy as a profession in government and private colleges whereas, 31% in government colleges and 26.5% in private colleges had little knowledge. While 28% government and 30.5% in private were totally unaware of it. 75.7% and 83.5% from government and private sector students responded that physical therapy will be most rewarded in Orthopedic/Musculoskeletal fields respectively. CONCLUSIONS The awareness of Physical Therapy as a career among intermediate students would help in creating more effective marketing strategies. Unfortunately, a small percentage of the students are aware of physiotherapy and the services provided by this profession which implies that there is an urgent need for marketing campaign.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on immunization status among children 12 to 24 months of age in urban field practice area of tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4289
Author(s):  
Arundhathi Baaki ◽  
Lavanya Katta ◽  
Sreelatha Panuganti ◽  
B. Kiranmai
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population

Background: Immunization is a process in which a person is made resistant to infectious disease, by the administration of vaccine. Immunization is averting an estimated 2-3 million deaths every year. Deaths among under 5 children from measles and its complication is the major killer worldwide. As per 2017 global coverage of measles is 89% and pentavalent (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) its 85%. Still 71 countries have yet to achieve global vaccine action plan (GVAP) target of 90% coverage of 3 doses of DTP. India is one among these countries with only 63.9% coverage, and the state of Telangana has coverage of 67.5% according to National family health survey-4 (NFHS-4) (2015-2016).Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 12-24 months age children, sample size of 199 is calculated by using the formula of 4pq/l2 and by considering the immunization coverage of 66.7% according to the NFHS-4 (2015-2016) of Telangana state and allowable absolute error of 7% and nonresponsive rate of 10%, simple random sampling technique was used and data collected by using semi-structured questionnaire, data was analysed using MS-office and OpenEpi.Results: Among 199 study population 136 children were Hindus and 53 were Muslims and 10 from other religion. Mean age and standard deviation of study population was 14±4.56. Among total population 72.9% (145) are completely immunized, 25% (50) are partially immunized 2.04% (4) are unimmunized.Conclusion: Immunization coverage was higher in the present study then the state of Telangana i.e., 67.5% as per NFHS-4.the rural population.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN KB IUD PADA IBU PASCA MELAHIRKAN DI RUANG BERSALIN BRSU WANGAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ketut Noriani ◽  
Ayu Yulia Reswati Teja ◽  
Pande Sri Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Contraceptive Service ◽  
Questionnaire Result ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Background: Postpartumintrauterine device (IUD) is a contraceptive service provided directly to the patients after they give birth. Postpartum IUD is recommended because in this period the cervix remains open and soft, thus facilitate the IUD insertion. Women’s motivation is very important to bring success to the IUD postpartum program Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the motivation of postpartum mothers using IUD in the postpartum ward in Wangaya Hospital, 2016.Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sampling technique used non probability sampling (census), in which the total population was used as the sample. There were 30 respondents who have fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria involved in this study. The date were collected by using a questionnaire. Result: The result showed that the motivation of postpartum mothers using IUD in wangaya hospital in the postpartum ward was high (100%). Conclusion: All respondents in the postpartum ward, Wangaya Hospital Denpasar had a good understanding on the benefit of using the postpartum IUD, thus influence the high use of postpartum IUD.  Keywords: Motivation of mothers, Postpartum IUD

scholarly journals SUBSTANCE ABUSE

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 316-319
Author(s):  
Shehzad Adil Mansoor ◽  
Muhammad Muazzam ◽  
Humayun Suqrat Hasan Imam
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Day By Day

Objectives: To study the prevalence of substance abuse among prisoners and itseffects on other inmates. Study design: A cross sectional study. Place and duration of study:Central jail Faisal Abad Pakistan during Jan. 2012 to Feb 2012. Methodology: All the convictedand condemned prisoners were included in the study and those exclusively charged for drugsabuse crimes were excluded. A snow ball convenient sampling technique was adopted. Samplesize was not predetermined. The study population was (1080) male and above the age of 18years. Results: About one hundred and eighty four (184) prisoners were found using differentdrugs. Among them seventy six 76 (41.3%) started using drugs on entering the prison and onehundred and eight 108 (58.7%) were using drugs before coming to prison. The 91(49.5 %)belonged to rural area and 93 (50.5%) belonged to urban areas. The most commonly used drugwas heroin 181(96.7%) and 3(.6%) used different drugs like injections or pills. Conclusions:Substance abuse among prisoners was increasing day by day leading to increased crimes,health issues, and significant economic constrains in every country especially among poornations. Strong political will and public motivation was the need of time to deal with the issue.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF CHANGES IN BOWEL HABITS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Mello DEL GRANDE ◽  
Luis Fernando Paes LEME ◽  
Francisco Pimenta MARQUES ◽  
Andressa Teruya RAMOS ◽  
Paula Teruya RAMOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bowel Habits ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Study Population

ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of cholecystolithiasis is approximately 15% of the population. It is believed that between 30-40% of cholecystectomy patients have symptoms after surgery, being changes in bowel habits the most common among them. Aim: 1) Defining the prevalence, and 2) identifying predictors of changes in bowel habits after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with an initial sample of 150 patients diagnosed with cholecystolithiasis operated between July and September 2014. Patients were submitted to a questionnaire about the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and changes in stools consistency before and after the surgical procedure. They were divided into two groups (with or without changes in bowel habits) being combined with the following variables: high blood pressure, body mass index, hypothyroidism, adherence to postoperative dietary orientations, previous abdominal and bariatric surgery. Results: The prevalence of changes in bowel habits in the study population was 35.1%. The association between it and gastrointestinal symptoms was demonstrated to be statistically significant (‰2=7.981; p=0.005), and people who did not have gastrointestinal symptoms had 2.34 times the odds of not presenting changes in bowel habits. None of the other investigated factors had shown to be a predictor of risk for post-cholecystectomy changes in bowel habits. Conclusion: 1) There was a high prevalence of changes in bowel habits, and 2) there was association between changes in bowel habits and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals Patients’ adherence to antimalarial medication; self-report of patients at the Volta regional hospital of Ho, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agani Afaya ◽  
Solomon Mohammed Salia ◽  
Frederick Yaw Opare ◽  
Samira Ali ◽  
Richard Adongo Afaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Background: Despite the advancement in malaria treatments and management; malaria morbidity and mortality is still on the increase. This phenomenon has been mostly attributed to the emergence and transmission resistance of the plasmodium parasite to drugs; which is as a result of non-adherence to anti-malaria medication. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess patients’ adherence to anti-malarial medications and the factors influencing their adherence in the Volta regional hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed. Convenience sampling technique was used in recruiting respondents. Data were collected within a period of 8 weeks from April to May 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations which was generated by the use of IBM statistical package for social sciences version 23.Results: The average age of respondents surveyed for this study was 32.27±11.09 ranging from of 19 to 68 years. Majority (51.7%) of respondents were females and 76.7% of them being Christians. The study findings revealed that 36.6% of patient were completely adherent to anti-malarial medication. Over 90% of respondents agreed that the malarial medication had bad taste and it was an unpleasant feeling for them taking it.Conclusions: Poor adherence to antimalaria medications could play a role in the future development of drug resistance. As such, identifying ways to improve anti-malarial compliance will help mitigate drug resistance. Therefore, further studies should be carried out on ways to improve patients’ adherence to antimalarial medication.

scholarly journals How Do Out-of-Pocket Expenditures Affect Healthcare: A Qualitative Insight of Acute Exacerbation among Asthma Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Fahad I. Al-Saikhan ◽  
Nehad J. Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Introduction: This study was designed to determine the out of pocket costs (OOPCs) of acute exacerbation of asthma (AEA) in asthma patients attending a public hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done by interviewing the patients using the convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained based on per episode of AEA. OOPCs were calculated based on direct and indirect costs. A total of 128 patients participated in the study. The data were analyzed with SPSS ver 23. Results: The study group comprised of 88 males (68.8%), 57 (44.5%) singles and 67 (52.3%) less than 40 years of age. There were considerable differences found between the severity levels and lengths of hospital stay towards the OOPCs. Conclusion: The severity of the AEA and length of stay in the hospital increase the per episode OOPCs of AEA among asthma patients.

Level of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of University of Hail, Saudi Arabia

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nabila Anwar ◽  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Rana Homoud Alenzi ◽  
Bashayer Hamd Alshmmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: Dental students have been identified as having a high level of stress. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of university of Hail and to determine the association of anxiety and depression in terms of gender and respective year of study. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Nonprobability sampling technique was used to assess the prevalence and association of anxiety and depression among male and female dental students of preclinical and clinical years of College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Students were contacted personally, explained the purpose of the study and asked to participate in the study. Students were asked to complete both Beck’s depression inventory and Beck’s anxiety inventory to assess the level of their respective status. RESULTS: The results of the survey revealed that a greater number of females suffered from ‘moderate’ level of anxiety (12.3%) as compared to males (3.2%). Additionally, the percentage for females to experience ‘borderline’ (11.6%) and ‘moderate’ (9.7%) level of depression was higher than their male counterparts –‘borderline’ (7.7%) and ‘moderate’ (2.6%). The level of anxiety and depression compared with genders was found to be statistically significant. It was noted that final year students (8.4%) experienced ‘moderate’ level of anxiety and there was a peak rise in level of depression among 4th year (6.5%) and 6th year (5.8%) students as compared with other years. CONCLUSION: The finding of the study emphasizes that the overall percentage of level of depression is comparatively higher than level of anxiety among dental students.

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