scholarly journals Patients’ adherence to antimalarial medication; self-report of patients at the Volta regional hospital of Ho, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agani Afaya ◽  
Solomon Mohammed Salia ◽  
Frederick Yaw Opare ◽  
Samira Ali ◽  
Richard Adongo Afaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Background: Despite the advancement in malaria treatments and management; malaria morbidity and mortality is still on the increase. This phenomenon has been mostly attributed to the emergence and transmission resistance of the plasmodium parasite to drugs; which is as a result of non-adherence to anti-malaria medication. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess patients’ adherence to anti-malarial medications and the factors influencing their adherence in the Volta regional hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed. Convenience sampling technique was used in recruiting respondents. Data were collected within a period of 8 weeks from April to May 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations which was generated by the use of IBM statistical package for social sciences version 23.Results: The average age of respondents surveyed for this study was 32.27±11.09 ranging from of 19 to 68 years. Majority (51.7%) of respondents were females and 76.7% of them being Christians. The study findings revealed that 36.6% of patient were completely adherent to anti-malarial medication. Over 90% of respondents agreed that the malarial medication had bad taste and it was an unpleasant feeling for them taking it.Conclusions: Poor adherence to antimalaria medications could play a role in the future development of drug resistance. As such, identifying ways to improve anti-malarial compliance will help mitigate drug resistance. Therefore, further studies should be carried out on ways to improve patients’ adherence to antimalarial medication.

scholarly journals AWARENESS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY AS A PROFESSION AMONG PRE-MEDICAL STUDENTS OF PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT COLLEGES

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Sadaf Shafqat ◽  
Sarah Omer ◽  
Marina Ayub ◽  
Asma Faheem ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intermediate Students ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Convenience Sampling

OBJECTIVE To determine the awareness and perception of Physical Therapy as a career among the intermediate students of Karachi. STUDY DESIGN It is a cross sectional study. STUDY SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS The settings of this study were two Private and two Government sector Intermediate colleges, offering Pre-medical and participants were students studying in these colleges. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE Non-probability convenience sampling technique. RESULTS Results revealed that only 13.5% of students were well aware of physical therapy as a profession in government and private colleges whereas, 31% in government colleges and 26.5% in private colleges had little knowledge. While 28% government and 30.5% in private were totally unaware of it. 75.7% and 83.5% from government and private sector students responded that physical therapy will be most rewarded in Orthopedic/Musculoskeletal fields respectively. CONCLUSIONS The awareness of Physical Therapy as a career among intermediate students would help in creating more effective marketing strategies. Unfortunately, a small percentage of the students are aware of physiotherapy and the services provided by this profession which implies that there is an urgent need for marketing campaign.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression among Individuals who are Confined to their Homes due to Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Sheena Shamoon ◽  
Khushbakht Ms. ◽  
Saleha Ahmed Khan ◽  
Maheen Sajid ◽  
Syeda Rija Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Aims/objectives: Coronavirus pandemic has been declared a health emergency worldwide. Millions of people have been affected by it. The objective of this study was to assess anxiety and depression among people who are confined to their homes due to the covid-19 pandemic so that measures can be taken to reduce the frequency and effects of psychological distress during mass lockdowns in the future.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of educated adults of Rawalpindi and Islamabad who have been under strict lockdown. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used. Informed consent was taken. Data were collected via a questionnaire based on the HADS scale. For data analysis, SPSS version 25 was used.Results: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 615 individuals, out of which 15 did not meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The majority were females (80.2%). The average age was 22.6 years. 37.5% were found to have anxiety, whereas 21% had depression. Borderline cases of anxiety and depression were 27.5% and 28.3%, respectively. The frequency of anxiety and depression was found to be higher in females than males, 39.5% vs 29.4%, and 22.4% vs 11.5% respectively. The correlation of HADS scores with other demographic parameters was studied, but no significant relationship was found.Conclusions: The study reveals a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among individuals during lockdowns. The development of a comprehensive educational and emotional support system is required for the improvement of the mental health of individuals.

scholarly journals Morphology of Maxillary Labial Frenum in Chepang Community of Chitwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Rajib Chaulagain ◽  
Nikita Khanal ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social

Background: Labial frenum is a fold of mucous membrane whose function is to attach lips and cheek to the alveolar mucosa, gingiva and underlying periosteum. The maxillary labial frenum has lot of variation in shape, size location. This study was aimed to assess the variation of maxillary labial frenum in the indigenous Chepang community of Nepal.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the Chepang community at Madi municipality in Chitwan, Nepal. The clinical examination was done by distending the upper lip upward for viewing. The obtained data was classified according to Mirko and Sewerin classification. Data was entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16 and descriptive statistics was performed.Results: All the Chepang participants 102 (100 %) had mucosal type of maxillary frenum. Among the variations normal frenum was mostly present 74 (72.5%). This type was mostly present in male participants 44 (43.1%). Apart from this frenum with nodules and appendix was also observed.Conclusions: The mucosal type of frenal attachment was prevalent in Chepang Community and normal frenum was the most common type of frenal morphology. Keywords: Chepang community; maxillary labial frenum; mucosal

scholarly journals An Evaluation on Use of Stress Ball Exercise on Stress Management among Student Population – A Cross Section Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 506-514
Author(s):  
R. Srivarsan ◽  
G. Sridevi ◽  
S. Preetha
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Background: Stress ball is a new favourite gadget people like to use to fight stress, reduce tension. But there are not many scientific reports on the benefits of stress ball exercises. Objective: the present study aimed to investigate the level of stress among student population and the effectiveness of the use of stress ball exercises among student population. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted through a convenience sampling method. The participants were administered with a self developed questionnaire consisting of 17 questions. The responses were collected using google forms. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and chi square test was used to analyze the data. Results: Males are more stressed than female in college environment and after stress ball exercise students feels reduced irritability and nervousness thus using stress ball exercise during stress management is more significant. Conclusion: The study concluded an innovative finding that Majority of the student population were stressed due to academic reasons and respondents feel that stress ball users showed a satisfactory recovery from their stress.

scholarly journals How Do Out-of-Pocket Expenditures Affect Healthcare: A Qualitative Insight of Acute Exacerbation among Asthma Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Fahad I. Al-Saikhan ◽  
Nehad J. Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Introduction: This study was designed to determine the out of pocket costs (OOPCs) of acute exacerbation of asthma (AEA) in asthma patients attending a public hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done by interviewing the patients using the convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained based on per episode of AEA. OOPCs were calculated based on direct and indirect costs. A total of 128 patients participated in the study. The data were analyzed with SPSS ver 23. Results: The study group comprised of 88 males (68.8%), 57 (44.5%) singles and 67 (52.3%) less than 40 years of age. There were considerable differences found between the severity levels and lengths of hospital stay towards the OOPCs. Conclusion: The severity of the AEA and length of stay in the hospital increase the per episode OOPCs of AEA among asthma patients.

Variations in Maxillary Frenal Morphology in a Sample of Newari Children of Bhaktapur

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Ujjwal Joshi ◽  
Megha Pradhan ◽  
Aastha Neupane ◽  
Nita Lawaju ◽  
Nirma Khadka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Clinical Problems

Introduction: Frenum attachments are fold of mucous membrane attaching the lips to alveolar mucosa and underlying periosteum. Aberrant location of attachment of maxillary labial frenum poses many clinical problems such as mucogingival problems and midline diastema. Objective: The study was performed to assess the variations in morphology of maxillary labial frenum in a sample of Newari children of Bhaktapur, Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed enrolling 340 Newari children residing in Bhaktapur from August 14, 2020 to March 30, 2021. The study comprised both genders within age group of 6 to 16 years. The frenal attachment was recorded according to Mirko and Sewerin classification. The data was analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16 using descriptive statistics. Results: In total, 340 Newari children participated in this study. The mucosal type was observed in 204 (60%) of the participants followed by gingival type 101 (29.7%). More than 80% of the participants had simple frenum (283, 83.2%). The frenum with nodule was present in 25 (7.4%) and frenum with appendix in 22 (6.5%) of study participants. Frenum with appendix was mostly present in males 18 (10.1%) than females 4 (2.5%). Conclusion: Within the Newari children, the mucosal type of maxillary labial frenum was more prevalent followed by gingival type. The simple frenum was the most common type on basis of morphology.  

scholarly journals Evaluating Nursing Students’ Academic Motivation through Academic Motivational Scale: A Cross-Sectional Study of Two Colleges

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motivation For Learning ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Second Year

Background: Learning is an ongoing process. To achieve desired learning outcomes of the academic journey, students must possess motivation, resilience, and effective communication skills. The positive motivation regarding the academic journey increase students' motivation for learning. This will benefit students to achieve desired results without major obstacles. Objective: To identify the nursing students’ motivation towards their academic journey. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Nursing students of first & second year were invited to participate voluntarily. Informed consent was employed before data collection. Two Nursing Colleges affiliated with Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women Nawabshah were selected as a study site and the duration was from 16th February to 28th February 2021. The convenience sampling technique was used to collect data through a structured, 28-item Academic Motivational Scale. Results: The response rate was of the survey was 100% as all the approached participants responded and completed the survey. The results showed that nursing students were extrinsically motivated (x̅=3.78 & SD =1.192) than internally motivated (x̅ =3.41 & SD=1.128). The main reasons for their extrinsic motivation were to seek a good salary job and live a good life. Conclusion: Students were extrinsically motivated therefore the intrinsic motivation needs to be enhanced through improving the image of the profession among students, making them autonomous, self-directed, and listening to them for understanding their life situations.

scholarly journals Propylthiouracil: A Thyro-Suppressive as well as Haemato-Suppressive to Induce Agranulocytosis in Hyperthyroid Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Naz Agro ◽  
Uzma Naz Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Ali Ghoto ◽  
Abdullah Dayo ◽  
Mudassar Iqbal Arain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Rational Therapy ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Background: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a thyro-suppressive medication commonly used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, but may cause agranulocytosis, which rises the mortality of patients. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of agranulocytosis in hyperthyroid patients after the use of Propylthiouracil. The aim of the current research is to access the drug utilization and investigation of PTU which aids in accessing rational therapy and other aspects related to the patient’s safety. Methodology: A cross- sectional study conducted from May 2016 to April 2017 at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hospital Hyderabad/ Jamshoro. 150 prescriptions were collected by non-probability consecutive sampling technique from the adults with Hyperthyroidism patients using Propylthiouracil. Thyroid function tests were conducted using Immunoassay Elecysis 2010. The blood profile tests were evaluated on Sysmex kx21. The collected data was evaluated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The data revealed that the propylthiouracil-induced agranulocytosis in 4 hyperthyroid patients (n=2 males, n=2 females) and the prevalence of Propylthiouracil-induced agranulocytosis was 2.7%. Conclusion: It was observed that Propylthiouracil damages the hematopoietic stem cells and precursors of granulocytes in bone marrow can cause agranulocytosis.

scholarly journals Ocular conditions among singed–hide butchers at The Kumasi abattoir

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
David Ben Kumah ◽  
James Duah Bisiw ◽  
Mohammed Abdul–Kabir ◽  
Eugene Appenteng Osae
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analyze Data

This study attempted to determine the prevalent eye conditions among singed-hide butchers at the Kumasi abattoir (slaughterhouse) in Ghana. A cross-sectional study comprising 80 conveniently chosen singed-hide butchers at the abattoir was conducted. History taken from participants included participants’ demographics and ocular and occupational history. Ocular examination included ophthalmoscopy and visual acuity. Diagnoses were made on the presence of a condition(s) in either or both eyes. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 was used to analyze data collected. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact testwere employed. The overall prevalence of ocular morbidities was 63.8% among the respondents.Ocular itchiness (77.5%) was the most widely reported symptom followed by teary eyes (70.0%). All respondents suffered from one or more oculo-visual symptoms. The commonest ocular diseases were pinguecula (38.8%), followed by pterygium (20.0%), conjunctivitis (2.5%) and cataract (2.5%). It was observed that singed-hide butchers at the Kumasi abattoir were at high risk of developing eye diseases attributable to the working environment. 

Use of PowerPoint Presentation by the Teachers for Instruction in Selected Dental Colleges of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
Md Ismail Khan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Font Color ◽  
Selection Of

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the views of undergraduate dental college teachers about the PowerPoint presentations as instructional media used by teachers in dental colleges of Bangladesh. The study period was from January 2018 to December 2018. The study was carried out among the teachers of all 4 phases of BDS course of 2 government and 2 non-government dental colleges of Bangladesh. Out of 4 dental colleges, 2 were within Dhaka and 2 were outside Dhaka. The sample size was 100 for teachers. Convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaires using five points Likert scale were used for collections of data from teachers. The study revealed that 72% teachers consider Eye appealing appearance for choosing PowerPoint slides and 58% teachers did not use master slide. For selection of font style, 67% teacher agreed they consider readability, 88% agreed they consider visibility from last bench of classroom to select font size but 61% teacher disagree that they consider background for selecting font color. The study recommended, during the preparation of a PowerPoint presentation by teachers some areas like using the master slide, background, the number of words and lines need attention. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(1) 2021: 10-15

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