EVALUATION OF INDOOR ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS IN OFFICES LOCATED IN BUILDINGS WITH LARGE GLAZED AREAS

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Šeduikytė ◽  
Valdas Paukštys
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Spaces ◽  
Objective And Subjective Evaluation

The field study was carried out during the heating season in two Lithuanian office buildings with large glazed areas. The methodology was prepared for evaluating indoor microclimate parameters while using objective and subjective evaluation. The results show that the average temperature in all tested offices was in the range of optimal zones, but in some offices the average temperature was not in compliance with the recommended temperature for offices. During the subjective evaluation, respondents working in these offices identified complains because of too high temperatures, stuffy air and irritation in eyes. The average relative humidity measured in all tested offices was not in compliance with the optimal requirements. Such SBS symptoms as irritation in eyes, cough and dry skin of the hands were identified as the most frequent symptoms in the second tested building. Main indoor microclimate problems arising in buildings with large glazed areas were related to overheating indoor spaces because of the direct sun and improper ventilation. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos patalpų mikroklimato sąlygos pastatuose esančiuose biuruose, turinčiuose didelius įstiklintus plotus. Didelių skaidrių atitvarų plotų įrengimas pastatuose ne tik didina energijos sąnaudas pastatams šildyti, vėsinti ir orui kondicionuoti, bet ir sukuria mikroklimato sąlygas, kuriose dirbantys žmonės dažnai patiria šiluminį diskomfortą, nors aplinkos parametrai atitinka normų reikalavimus. Natūriniams patalpų mikroklimato tyrimams sukurta patalpų mikroklimato tyrimo metodika, kuri sieja objektyvius ir subjektyvius tyrimo metodus patalpų sąlygoms optimaliai įvertinti. Patalpų mikroklimato sąlygos tiksliausiai įvertinamos pagal patalpų mikroklimato parametrų matavimo, papildyto subjektyvaus mikroklimato sąlygų įvertinimu, apibendrintos analizės rezultatus.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Pengeringan Biji Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Menggunakan Alat Pengering Surya Adriyarkara Termodifikasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360
Author(s):  
Athul Fadhli ◽  
Diswandi Nurba ◽  
Raida Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Relative Humidity

Abstrak. Jagung merupakan tanaman penghasil karbohidrat terpenting. Pengeringan jagung pipil menggunakan alat pengering merupakan proses untuk menghasilkan jagung pipil yang siap diolah untuk pembuatan tepung jagung dengan batas kadar air tertentu sehingga menghaslkan jagung pipil dengan kualitas yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakteristik pengeringan biji jagung menggunakan alat pengering surya Termodifikasi. Metode penelitian  menggunakan 3,15 kilogram jagung pipil dengan kadar air awal 22% untuk proses pengeringan. Parameter yang dianalisis terkait alat pengering kolektor surya yaitu temperatur, kelembaban relatif, kecepatan udara dan iradiasi surya, sedangkan parameter yang dianalisis terkait bahan yaitu kadar air, lama waktu pengeringan, laju pengeringan dan organoleptik. Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari pengujian kosong dan pengujian dengan menggunakan jagung pipil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa temperatur rata-rata dalam rak pengering sebelum dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 44,4oC, temperatur rata-rata setelah dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 55,5oC dan temperatur rata-rata rak pengering pada pengeringan menggunakan jagung pipil yaitu 46,96oC. Kelembaban relatif rata-rata dalam rak pengering sebelum dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 40,1%, kelembaban relatif rata-rata dalam rak pengering setelah modifikasi yaitu 35,1% dan kelembaban relatif rata-rata pengeringan menggunakan jagung pipil yaitu 44,45%. Dari hasil pengukuran tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai temperatur dan kelembaban pada alat setelah modifikasi lebih baik dibandingkan sebelum alat dimodifikasi. Pengukuran temperatur dan kelembaban relatif terdiri dari 4 titik pengukuran yaitu rak 1A,1B dan rak 2A, 2B. Kecepatan udara rata-rata yang diukur konstan yaitu 0,7 m/s pada ruang pengering, sedangkan lingkungan 1,1 m/s. Total iradiasi surya selama pengeringan yaitu 1848,84 W/m2. Kadar air jagung pipil masing-masing rak yaitu rak 1A 14,29%, rak 1B 14,47%, rak 2A 13,91% dan rak 2B 14,1%. Hasil dari pengujian organoleptik, panelis agak menyukai jagung pipil yang dikeringkan menggunakan alat pengering tersebut.Characteristics of Seed Drying (Zea mays L.) Using a Modified Adriyarkara Solar DryerAbstract. Corn is the most important carbohydrate plant. Drying corn using a drying tool is a process to produce corn that are ready to be processed for making corn flour with a certain water content limit so as to produce corn with good quality. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of drying of corn kernels using a modified solar dryer. The research method used 3,15 kilogram of corn milled with the initial moisture content of 22% for drying process. The parameters analyzed in relation to solar collector dryers are temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and solar irradiation, while the parameters analyzed are materials such as moisture content, drying time, drying rate and organoleptic. The research procedure consists of unloaded testing and testing using corn. The results showed that the average temperature in the dryer tray before modification was 44,4°C, the average temperature after modification was 55,5°C and the average temperature of the dryer tray on drying using corn was 46,96oC. The average relative humidity in the dryer tray before modification is 40,1%, the average relative humidity in the dryer tray after modification is 35,1% and the average relative humidity of drying using corn is 44,45%. From the measurement results show that the value of temperature and humidity in the tool after modification is better than before. Measurement of temperature and relative humidity consist of 4 point of measurement that is tray 1A, 1B and tray 2A, 2B. Average mean air velocity measured is 0,7 m/s at the dryer room, while the environment is 1,1 m/s. Total solar irradiation during drying is 1848,84 W/m2. Moisture level of corn each shelves tray 1A is 14,29%, tray 1B is 14.47%, tray 2A is 13,91% and tray 2B is 14,1%. As a result of organoleptic testing, panelists rather like dried corn using the dryer.

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature and Humidity May Reduce the Growth Rate of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Qin ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Jiani Shao ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The effects of temperature and humidity on the epidemic growth of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)remains unclear.Methods: Daily scatter plots between the epidemic growth rate (GR) and average temperature (AT) or average relative humidity (ARH) were presented with curve fitting through the “loess” method. The heterogeneity across days and provinces were calculated to assess the necessity of using a longitudinal model. Fixed effect models with polynomial terms were developed to quantify the relationship between variations in the GR and AT or ARH.Results: An increased AT dramatically reduced the GR when the AT was lower than −5°C, the GR was moderately reduced when the AT ranged from −5°C to 15°C, and the GR increased when the AT exceeded 15°C. An increasedARH increased theGR when the ARH was lower than 72% and reduced theGR when the ARH exceeded 72%.Conclusions: High temperatures and low humidity may reduce the GR of the COVID-19 epidemic. The temperature and humidity curves were not linearly associated with the COVID-19 GR.

scholarly journals Interrelationship between daily COVID-19 cases and average temperature as well as relative humidity in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naleen Chaminda Ganegoda ◽  
Karunia Putra Wijaya ◽  
Miracle Amadi ◽  
K. K. W. Hasitha Erandi ◽  
Dipo Aldila
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
System A ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic continues to obstruct social lives and the world economy other than questioning the healthcare capacity of many countries. Weather components recently came to notice as the northern hemisphere was hit by escalated incidence in winter. This study investigated the association between COVID-19 cases and two components, average temperature and relative humidity, in the 16 states of Germany. Three main approaches were carried out in this study, namely temporal correlation, spatial auto-correlation, and clustering-integrated panel regression. It is claimed that the daily COVID-19 cases correlate negatively with the average temperature and positively with the average relative humidity. To extract the spatial auto-correlation, both global Moran’s $${\mathscr {I}}$$ I and global Geary’s $${\mathscr {C}}$$ C were used whereby no significant difference in the results was observed. It is evident that randomness overwhelms the spatial pattern in all the states for most of the observations, except in recent observations where either local clusters or dispersion occurred. This is further supported by Moran’s scatter plot, where states’ dynamics to and fro cold and hot spots are identified, rendering a traveling-related early warning system. A random-effects model was used in the sense of case-weather regression including incidence clustering. Our task is to perceive which ranges of the incidence that are well predicted by the existing weather components rather than seeing which ranges of the weather components predicting the incidence. The proposed clustering-integrated model associated with optimal barriers articulates the data well whereby weather components outperform lag incidence cases in the prediction. Practical implications based on marginal effects follow posterior to model diagnostics.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Distribution of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Guangdong Province, China and Potential Predictors, 2009–2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijing Wang ◽  
Yingsi Lai ◽  
Zhicheng Du ◽  
Wangjian Zhang ◽  
Chenyang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Average Relative Humidity

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease among children. Guangdong Province is one of the most severely affected provinces in south China. This study aims to identify the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and potential predictors of HFMD in Guangdong Province and provide a theoretical basis for the disease control and prevention. Methods: Case-based HFMD surveillance data from 2009 to 2012 was obtained from the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC). The Bayesian spatiotemporal model was used to evaluate the spatiotemporal variations of HFMD and identify the potential association with meteorological and socioeconomic factors. Results: Spatially, areas with higher relative risk (RR) of HFMD tended to be clustered around the Pearl River Delta region (the mid-east of the province). Temporally, we observed that the risk of HFMD peaked from April to July and October to December each year and detected an upward trend between 2009 and 2012. There was positive nonlinear enhancement between spatial and temporal effects, and the distribution of relative risk in space was not fixed, which had an irregular fluctuating trend in each month. The risk of HFMD was significantly associated with monthly average relative humidity (RR: 1.015, 95% CI: 1.006–1.024), monthly average temperature (RR: 1.045, 95% CI: 1.021–1.069), and monthly average rainfall (RR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.008), but not significantly associated with average GDP. Conclusions: The risk of HFMD in Guangdong showed significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. There was spatiotemporal interaction in the relative risk of HFMD. Adding a spatiotemporal interaction term could well explain the change of spatial effect with time, thus increasing the goodness of fit of the model. Meteorological factors, such as monthly average relative humidity, monthly average temperature, and monthly average rainfall, might be the driving factors of HFMD.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pemantau Suhu dan Kelembaban Udara Berbasis Nuvoton NUC140VE3CN dan Sensor HTU21D

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Jaenal Arifin ◽  
Arief Hendra Saptadi ◽  
Relesa Anggita Permata T. W
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Processing Application ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Status ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Monitoring Application

The parameter of temperature and relative humidity have an important role in the growth and development of horticultural crops. Based on this, monitoring application is designed to use personal computer (PC) as a data viewer of the measurement results. Hence, it allows users to observe these parameters with ease. In this study, Nuvoton NUC140VE3CN performs data processing of temperature and relative humidity from HTU21D sensor, after which the data will be displayed on 128x64 Black Dot Matrix LCD and they are also sent to the PC through serial communication (via FTDI232RL module). These data will be received by user's PC serial port, and be displayed by the Processing application that has been created. From the performed tests, the application had been able to display temperature, relative humidity, time, the status of temperature and relative humidity appropriately as planned. The application is capable to record data and save them in a CSV-formatted file. The status of temperature and relative humidity had been able to indicate optimal or non-optimal condition. The test for measurement accuracy was performed by comparing the readings from HTU21D sensor to referenced analog Thermo-hygrometer. The average temperature obtained from HTU21D sensor is 25.1ºC, while  Thermo-hygrometer results in 25º C. The measurement differences between them are 0.5ºC with average error of 2%. For average relative humidity, the result obtained from HTU21D sensor is 72.1% and it is 65.4% from Thermo-hygrometer . The differences between them are 6.8 % with average error of 10%.

scholarly journals Status and evaluation of soybean varieties against Mungbean Yellow Mosaic (MYMV) disease under changing climatic conditions of Kaymore plateau zone, Madhya Pradesh, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunika Silodia ◽  
Usha Bhale ◽  
MS Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Central India ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
First Time

For the first time in central India, an epidemic of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus disease transmitted through white flies in soybean at R1-R3 stage was noticed as scattered yellow specks were noticed on upper leaves of soybean variety JS 335 during first week of August 2015 at Research Experimental Fields, JNKVV, Jabalpur. During 31st week (July, 2015), the rainfall (149.40mm, average temperature 26.70C, and average relative humidity 80%, rainfall of 149.0mm) enhanced dramatically the population of whiteflies (from 2-25 flies/leaf) that resulted in the epidemic. At farmer’s field covering 8 villages; the overall incidence was in the range of 53-70%. In seed production units, incidence was in the range of 63.0-70.0% in JS 335, JS 95-60, JS 93-05 and JS 90-41. During first week of August to Ist week of September, the average temperature was 27.77 0 C and relative humidity was 76.5%. Evaluation studies of 28 varieties, under Seed multiplication chain, indicate that most of the varieties exhibited the infection of MYMV (in the range of 40-70%), however, PS 1225 did not exhibit any infection among the same set of environment. Jawahar Soybean (JS 20-69) exhibited infection up to 5% only. Other variety of soybean JS 20-34 exhibited infection upto 40%.

scholarly journals Climatic Variables of 50 Years and their Trends over Rajshahi and Rangpur Division

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Ferdous ◽  
MA Baten
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

An agro-climatic study was conducted at three regions of Rajshahi division with 50 (1961-2010) years of climatic data (temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine) to observe the climatic variability. The annual average temperature was showed decreasing trends over Rajshahi, Rangpur and Dinajpur regions by 0.0134, 0.0262 and 0.01180C/year. Annual average rainfall showed increasing trends over Rangpur and Dinajpur region by 14.971, 18.673mm/year and decreasing trends over Rajshahi region by 3.0698mm/year. Average relative humidity was showed increasing trends over Rajshahi, and Dinajpur region by 0.0261, and 0.0269%/year. Over Rangpur region, the decreasing trend was observed by 0.0599%/year. Decreasing trends of sunshine were observed for all regions. Distributions of regional average of climate factors in the study area were observed TRangpur> TRajshahi> TDinajpur, RRangpur> RDinajpur> RRajshahi, RHRangpur> RHDinajpur> RHRajshahi and SDinajpur> SRajshahi> SRangpur for temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine, respectively.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v4i2.10165J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 4(2): 147-150, 2011

scholarly journals Effects of environmental factors on population dynamics of rice earhead bug and their management with newer insecticide combinations and sole insecticide

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-979
Author(s):  
Kamal Ravi Sharma ◽  
S.V.S. Raju ◽  
D. Rakshith Roshan
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Weather Parameters

An experiment was conducted to study the population dynamics of rice earhead bug and to evaluate the efficacy of newer insecticide combinations and sole insecticide along with untreated control. The rice earhead bug population was first recorded on 36th standard week as 1 nos./10 sweep nets and peak population (17 nos./10 sweep nets) was observed during 44th standard week. The correlation analysis revealed that rice earhead bug showed significant negative correlation with rainfall while the remaining weather parameters like average relative humidity and average temperature were found negative and non-significantly correlated. The overall data of efficacy revealed that all insecticidal treatments were significantly superior over untreated control. However, the plots treated with fipronil 5% + buprofezin 20% SC recorded the lowest number of rice earhead bug population (2.10 and 3.51 nos./5 sweep nets) after first and second insecticidal sprays, respectively, followed by indoxacarb 10% + thiamethoxam 10% WG (2.47 and 4.25 nos./5 sweep nets, respectively). Whereas, application of thiamethoxam 25% WG and buprofezin 25% singly SC were recorded as third and fourth best treatments, respectively.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Pengeringan Biji Pala (Myristica fragranshoutt) Menggunakan Alat Pengering Hybrid dengan Sumber Panas Dari energi Surya dan Serbuk Kayu

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-858
Author(s):  
Debi Sarnadi ◽  
Raida Agustina ◽  
Rita Khathir
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Drying Chamber

Abstrak. Manfaat dari proses pengeringan pala yaitu untuk tujuan pengawetan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji proses pengeringan biji pala menggunakan alat pengering hybrid dengan sumber energi matahari dan biomassa serbuk kayu. Total biji pala yang dikeringkan adalah 15 kg. Pembakaran serbuk kayu dilakukan selama pengeringan di malam hari dengan laju 3kg/jam. Parameter penelitian meliputi iradiasi surya, temperatur, kelembaban relatif, kadar air, dan uji organoleptik terhadap warna dan aroma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 131,61 W/m2 pada hari pertama dan dihari kedua 131,08  W/m2. Temperatur dalam ruang pengering (44°C) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan temperatur lingkungan (33,5°C). Kelembaban relatif rata-rata ruang pengering (27,7%) lebih rendah dari kelembaban relatif rata-rata di lingkungan (42,7%). Untuk mencapai kadar air biji pala 10% dibutuhkan waktu 32 jam secara kontinu dengan alat pengering  dan 39 jam selama 4 hari secara intermitten dengan metode penjemuran. Kapasitas alat pengering 2x lebih besar dari kapasitas penjemuran, dan biji pala kering menggunakan alat pengering lebih disukai oleh panelis dari segi warna dan aromanya.Drying Characteristics of Nutmeg Seed (Myristica Fragranshoutt) by Using a Hybrid Dryer Used Heat Sources from Solar and Sawdust EnergyAbstract. The benefit of drying process of nutmeg seed is to prolong its life. The objective of the study was to observe the drying method of nutmeg seed by using a hybrid dryer used the heat sources from solar and biomass (sawdust) energy. The total nutmeg seed used in this study was approximately 15 kg. The combustion rate of biomass during the night was 3kg/h. The parameters investigated were solar irradiation, temperature, relative humidity, moisture content and organoleptic test on color and flavor. The results showed that the average solar irradiation was 131.61 W/m2 on the first and second day drying. The average temperature in the drying chamber (44°C) was higher than the average ambient temperature (33.5°C). The average relative humidity in the drying chamber (27.7%) was lower than the average ambient relative humidity (42.7%). To have the final moisture of nutmeg seed 10%, the drying time needed was 32 hours continuously by using hybrid dryer and 39 hours for 4 days intermittent by sundrying method.The dryer capacity was double of sundrying capacity, and the color and flavor of dried nutmeg seed produced by using hybrid dryer was preferred by respondents.Abstract. The benefit of drying process of nutmeg seed is to prolong its life. The objective of the study was to observe the drying method of nutmeg seed by using a hybrid dryer used the heat sources from solar and biomass (sawdust) energy. The total nutmeg seed used in this study was approximately 15 kg. The combustion rate of biomass during the night was 3kg/h. The parameters investigated were solar irradiation, temperature, relative humidity, moisture content and organoleptic test on color and flavor. The results showed that the average solar irradiation was 131.61 W/m2 on the first and second day drying. The average temperature in the drying chamber (44°C) was higher than the average ambient temperature (33.5°C). The average relative humidity in the drying chamber (27.7%) was lower than the average ambient relative humidity (42.7%). To have the final moisture of nutmeg seed 10%, the drying time needed was 32 hours continuously by using hybrid dryer and 39 hours for 4 days intermittent by sundrying method. The dryer capacity was double of sundrying capacity, and the color and flavor of dried nutmeg seed produced by using hybrid dryer was preferred by respondents.

scholarly journals Analysis of the variation in potential evapotranspiration and surface wet conditions in the Hancang River Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Average Relative Humidity

AbstractEvapotranspiration is an important component of the water cycle, and possible trends in evapotranspiration can, among others, influence water management and agricultural production. Potential evapotranspiration (ETp) is a measure of the ability of the atmosphere to remove water from the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration. It plays an important role in assessing regional dry–wet conditions and variations in meteorological conditions. This study analyzed the change trends of monthly ETp and surface dryness and wetness in the Hancang River Basin and, through principal component analysis and correlation analysis, explored the main meteorological factors that affected ETp and the interactions between meteorological factors; ETp values were estimated using the FAO-56 Penman–Monteith method. The results showed that there was a large gap in ETp between different months in the Hancang River Basin, with a trend of first increasing and then decreasing within a year. The highest monthly evapotranspiration was 114.119 mm (July), and the lowest was 42.761 mm (January). The maximum relative humidity index was 0.822 (August), and the minimum was -0.979 (January). The average temperature, precipitation, average relative humidity, and solar radiation are positive factors that affect ETp, while average air pressure is a negative factor that affects ETp. This study provides a reference for the wet conditions of small watersheds and for countermeasures to address climate change.

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