Effect of Irbesartan-Poloxamer-188 Solid Dispersion on Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 and Interleukin-8 on Hypertension Rats

BACKGROUND: Based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) system, irbesartan is a drug that belongs to the class II BCS group which has limitations in terms of dissolution rates with low bioavailability of 26% -60%. These limitations to bioavailability can be overcome by solid dispersion with hydrophilic matrices such as Poloxamer. Irbesartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker. At present, it is widely used in dealing with hypertension due to endothelial dysfunction. AIM: This study aims to determine endothelial function blood markers can be examined, such as adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and IL-8 pro-inflammatory cytokines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Research on the effects of irbesartan-poloxamer-188 solid dispersion on ICAM-1 and IL-8 in hypertensive rats has been carried out. The formation of solid dispersion through dissolution method while induction of hypertension using 2.5% NaCl and prednisone 1.5 mg/Kg BB orally in 3 treatment groups, irbesartan dose was 13.5 mg/kg. The parameters observed were serum ICAM-1 and IL-8 levels. RESULTS: The result showed that the solid dispersion of irbesartan-poloxamer-188 could reduce ICAM-1 and IL-8 levels in hypertensive rats which differed significantly from the positive control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the solid dispersion of irbesartan-poloxamer-188 effects and decreases ICAM-1 levels in the serum of hypertensive rats. Solid dispersion of irbesartan-poloxamer-188 can influence and reduce IL-8 in the serum of hypertensive rats.

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Coenzyme q10 is potentially usedto improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184707006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 07006

Author(s):

Saryono Saryono ◽

Hesti Devinta ◽

Abdul Haris Budi Widodo ◽

Arif Imam Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Positive Control ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pap Method ◽

Post Hoc

Contaminated water often affects the occurrence of periodontitis in the coastal area. The diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in Indonesia is very high. The use of coenzyme Q10 to treat this disease has never been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimedto analyze the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the lipid profile of diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis.Twenty four rats were randomized into 6 groups (G1-G6). The groups (G1-G3) are healthy, negative and positive control group respectively. The treatment groups (G4-G6) are diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced rats given coenzyme q10 dose of 13,5; 27 and 54 mg/kg respectively. Rats were induced by periodontitis, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 was administered orally using 2 mL gastric tube once a day for 14 days. Lipid profile including triglycerides, HDL, and atherogenic index (IA) was measured enzymatically by the CHOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test.Coenzyme Q10 with a dose of 54 mg/kgis effective in lowering triglyceride, and atherogenic index and increasing HDL level in diabetic hyperlipidemia-induced periodontitis rats model. This research supports the potential effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area.

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Piper sarmentosum Leaves Aqueous Extract Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/7198592 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Fatimatuzzahra Hashim Fauzy ◽

Maizura Mohd Zainudin ◽

Hidayatul Radziah Ismawi ◽

Taher F. T. Elshami

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽

Positive Control ◽

No Production ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Endothelin System

Piper sarmentosum is a tropical plant in Southeast Asia known for its traditional use in curing various ailments including hypertension. Previous research works have provided evidence for the herb’s antihypertensive property. However, the exact mechanisms involved are still in question. The present study investigated the effects of Piper sarmentosum leaves aqueous extract (PSAE) treatment on vascular endothelin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Four groups of SHRs were treated for 28 consecutive days, with negative and positive control groups receiving distilled water and 3 mg/kg perindopril, respectively. Another two groups are the treatment groups, which received PSAE and combination of 1.5 mg/kg perindopril and PSAE. Weekly measurements of blood pressure showed that PSAE significantly reduced the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures (P<0.05) of the rats. PSAE also increased mesenteric artery nitric oxide (NO) level (P<0.05) and reduced endothelin-1 (ET-1) level (P<0.05) in the treatment groups. Our results demonstrate that oral administration of PSAE reduced blood pressure in SHRs by reducing the ET-1 level while increasing NO production.

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Evaluation the Effect of Vernonia amygdalina. Del Leaves Ethanol Extract on Blood Sugar and its Synergism with Glibenclamide in Rats

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.37940/ajvs.2020.13.1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 26-34

Author(s):

Igwe K ◽

Ikpeazu O ◽

Otuokere I

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Vernonia Amygdalina ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Glucose Levels

Antidiabetic activity of Vernonia amygdalina and its possible synergism with glibenclamide was checked. Forty eight rats were used for the research, for hypoglycermic study of V. amygdalina alone, they were grouped into five of six rats each. Group 1 was the negative control and was administered distilled water orally. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were the treatment groups which received 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of the V. amygdalina extract respectively orally by intubation. Group 5 was the positive control group which received a known antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide. Diabetes was induced with alloxan. For the synergism study, another 18 rats grouped into 3 of six rats each was used. Both groups of glibenclamide only and glibenclamide plus V. amygdalina extract were dosed for 14 days orally by intubation, thereafter were sacrificed and blood collected from heart for analysis. There were 5 replicates grouped by weight throughout the study and both single and synergistic studies had the same controls. Effect of V. amygdalina extract was checked on blood glucose and its possible synergism with glibenclamide. All results in treatment groups were compared with the normal control at statistical confidence of p<0.05. Result shows that V. amygdalina extract reduced blood glucose level in the test groups as dose of extract increased. Combination of V. amygdalina with glibenclamide demonstrated further deduction in blood glucose levels in the treatment rats groups. Therefore addition of V. amygdalina into glibenclamide increased efficacy in the diabetic rats. The interaction between V. amygdalina and glibenclamide in this work was additive and therefore synergistic.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrizha Roxb.) Terhadap Level Nekrosis pada Jaringan Lien Mencit Putih (Mus Musculus L.) Jantan Galur Balb/C yang Diinokulasi Plasmodium berghei anka

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v16i2.122 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 186

Author(s):

MUHAMMAD REYHAN ARSYA ◽

PRAWESTY DIAH UTAMI ◽

IRMAWATI IRMAWATI

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Post Test ◽

Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

AbstractBackground : Malaria is a disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito and is still a health problem in Indonesia due to high mortality and morbidity. One form of a severe complication of malaria in addition to cerebral malaria is a function failure of the spleen. Today, the management of malaria is increasingly limited due to resistance. Therefore, further development is needed to find new innovations in malaria treatment.Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temulawak rhizome extract (Curcuma xanthorhizza Roxb.) On the level of necrosis in the spleen tissue of male BALB / c mice (Mus musculus L.) inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA.Methods :Experimental research used a post-test only control group design that used five groups of mice. One group of mice was left normal while the other four groups were inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA, positive control groups were given aquades and three treatment groups treated with temulawak extract (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) With a dose of 150 mg / KgBB, 100 mg / KgBB, and 50 mg / KgBB for four day. On the fifth day an observation of the level of necrosis in the spleen organ of mice to determine the level of necrosis by histopathological examination using a light microscope.Conclusion and Result : The results of this study indicate that the administration of ginger rhizome extract (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) Has an influence on the level of necrosis of male mice (Mus musculus L.) BALB / c inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA α = 0,002 (ρ<0,05), where the administration of temulawak extract can increase necrosis levels compared to the control group . This is probably due to the lack of temulawak extract dosage and lack of observation in this study. Keywords : Malaria, curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), Necrosis level, Plasmodium berghei ANKA

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HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF A 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF GOD'S CROWN FRUIT (PHALERIA MACROCARPA) AGAINST PARACETAMOL HEPATOTOXICITY IN SWISS WEBSTER MICE

Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana ◽

10.21460/bikdw.v4i1.127 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Tejo Jayadi

Keyword(s):

Hepatic Injury ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Toxic Metabolite ◽

Toxic Dose ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: The god’s crown fruits have properties as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. Toxic doses of paracetamol can injure the liver through toxic metabolite bonds with cytoplasmic proteins that cause free radicals to form. The aim of this research is to know the effect of the crown of gods extracts on paracetamol hepatotoxicity. Method: A total of 30 of Webster swiss mice with a weight of ± 20 grams, age 3 months were randomly assigned to five groups, negative control, positive control, treatment 1,2 and 3. A 70% ethanol extract of god’s crown fruit given in doses 60mg, 120mg and 240mg per kgBB mice. The extract was administered for 14 days in the treatment groups, then on day 15 paracetamol ware administered in a given dose 300mg/kgBB for 1 day for the positive control group and treatment groups. On day 16, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were examined from the orbital sinuses and animals terminated liver tissues taken and immediately fixed in 10% buffer formalin for histological examination. Results and Discussion: The 70% ethanol extract of the god’s crown fruits decreased blood serum levels of AST and ALT, and these results were supported by histopathologic scores of the liver in which histopathologic scores were improved with the increasing doses (p < 0.05). The secondary metabolite contents of the god’s crown fruit extract served as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, protecting hepatic injury from the toxic metabolite of paracetamol. Conclusion: A 70% ethanol extract of god’s crown fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) have hepatoprotective properties that effectively prevent hepatic injury due to paracetamol toxic dose.

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Immunomodulator Effect of Lemongrass Extract (Cymbopogon nardus L.) to Increase Immune Cells as a Precaution Against SARS-CoV-2

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v4i2.26619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Putri Ayu Ika Setiyowati ◽

Rofiatun Solekha ◽

Sri Bintang Sahara Mahaputra Kusuma Negara ◽

Reny Rosalina

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Skin Injury ◽

Treatment Groups

Introduction: In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used. Methods: The method used observasional analytic, using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C, weight 25-30 gram, divided into 5 groups; the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of 0.05% CMC within 14 days, negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days, treatment groups were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw, 150 mg/kg bw, and 300 mg/kg bw. In day 21 all group were injected with 0,2 ml of pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day, 14th day, and 21th day. Results: The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw , but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal test.

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Investigation of Intestinal Enzyme Activity and Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide on it

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.7.20372 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.7) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Masoumeh Piryaei ◽

Anahita Motamedi ◽

Atefeh Mehrabi Far

Keyword(s):

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Relative Concentration ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Intestinal Enzyme ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Pcr Techniques ◽

Mesenchyme Stem Cells

Background and Purpose: Shigella is a human shigellosis and its lipopolysaccharide is identified by 4TLR. The 4TLR is a family of pseudo-TOLL receptors and many immune routes are triggered by stimulating these receptors. Many studies show increasing of 4TLR expression in Mesenchyme stem cells under the influence of lipopolysaccharide. The main objective of this study was to identify the appropriate lipopolysaccharide of Shigella strains by stimulating the immune system for vaccine studies. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the stem cell of human Mesenchymal derived from bone marrow was treated by three dilution of 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 extract of Shigella strains (Flexneri, Dysentery and Sonnei) containing lipopolysaccharide. Then, the expression of 4TLR at RNA level was evaluated by RT-PCR and Q-PCR techniques. Cells treated with phosphate buffer saline were considered as control group. Findings: The expression of 4TLR was observed in all treatments groups except for treatment groups with relative concentration of 0.001 sonnei and dysentery as well as control group. Changes in 4TLR expression were dose-dependent on all treatment groups. The highest expression was related to the treatment with Shigella Flexneri extract and the smallest was related to Shigella sonnei. The use of pure lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli as a positive control showed that the lipopolysaccharide in Shigella extract is responsible for increasing the expression of 4TLR. Conclusion: given the increased expression of 4TLR by Shigella extract, this extract is recommended to increase the efficacy of the vaccine.

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STUDY OF THE POSSIBLE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF AN HERBAL MIXTURE ON L-NAME-INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE RATS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i5.12175 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 85 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Doha Aboubaker ◽

Souad E El-gengaihi ◽

Mouchira Abdel Salam ◽

Bassant Mm Ibrahim ◽

Seham El-batran

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Chronic Medical Condition ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Improve Blood Pressure Control

ABSTRACTObjective: Hypertension is a chronic medical condition. Diet can improve blood pressure control and decrease the risk of health complication.Methods: In this study, four plants: Roselle, Marjoram, Chamomile, and Doum were extracted by water. Equal portions of them were mixed. Lethaldose 50% of the mixture was assayed; the dose which did not cause any mortality was 266.94 mg/100 g body weight. Animals were classified into fivegroups: Negative control group, positive control group where hypertension was induced by L-name, two groups treated with two doses of the mixture,and a group treated with prazosin as a standard treatment. Treatment of hypertensive rats continued for 4 successive weeks.Results: Treatment with the mixture showed a significant reduction in blood pressure of hypertensive rats, as well as serum cholesterol, low-densitylipoprotein-cholesterol, and urea levels when compared to positive control group.Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the aqueous extract is efficient as an antihypertensive and hypolipidemic agent.Keywords: Rats, Aqueous extract, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, L-name.

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Radix Paeoniae Rubra Ameliorates Lupus Nephritis in Lupus-Like Symptoms of Mrl Mice by Reducing Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323666200517114802 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 675-683

Author(s):

Weijie Wang ◽

Lingyong Cao ◽

Xinchang Wang ◽

Yongsheng Fan

Keyword(s):

Cell Adhesion ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Model Group ◽

Vascular Cell Adhesion ◽

Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽

Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule

Objective: Vasculitis is the basic pathological change of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR), a traditional Chinese herb with the function of reducing blood stasis, has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. This study explored the effects of RPR on the kidneys of lupus-like symptoms of mrl (MRL/lpr) mice from the perspective of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). Methods: Eighteen MRL/lpr lupus model mice were randomly divided into three groups, the model control group, prednisone-treated group, and RPR-treated group, and 6 C57BL/ 6 mice were classified as a control group. After the mice had been treated for 12 weeks, the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1in the kidney was determined by immunohistochemistry and Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: After 12 weeks, there were significant differences in body weight in the model, prednisone and RPR groups compared with the normal group (P <0.05). Pathological observation: Compared with the model group, the proliferation of inflammatory cells infiltrated glomeruli and interstitial cells in prednisone and RPR groups were reduced, and renal pathological damage was reduced. Compared with the model group, urine protein level of prednisone and RPR groups were reduced with no significance (P> 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were significantly reduced in the prednisone group and RPR group compared with the model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Meanwhile, the immunohistochemistry expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM- 1 expressed in the kidney were significantly reduced in the prednisone group and RPR group (P <0.01 or P <0.05). However, The mRNA expression level and the immunohistochemistry expressions of PECAM-1 expressed in the kidney were reduced in each treatment group (prednisone group and RPR group), but these differences were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 expression in the model group was found to be significantly increased. In addition, RPR could reduce the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 in MRL/lpr lupus mice as effectively as prednisone, which may result in the dosage reduction of prednisone, thus decreasing the toxicity and improving the efficacy of prednisone - based treatment of SLE.

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The bone strengthening effects of propolis in ovariectomized female white rats as models for postmenopause

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.2478/cipms-2021-0025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Ayu Juwita ◽

Almahdy Almahdy ◽

Rahmad Abdillah ◽

Fiony Syahputri

Keyword(s):

Bone Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats

Abstract Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased quality and strength of bones so that it becomes porous and fracture. Propolis is known to have many pharmacological activity, including an anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis administration and the effects of propolis dosage variation in preventing osteoporosis based on the strength value of femur bone impact in female white rats in the form of an ovariectomy postmenopausal model. The rats were divided into 5 groups: positive control group (subjected to ovariectomy), negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy, and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, dose 360 mg/kg BW and dose 720 mg/kg BW. Propolis was administered orally for 30 days. Bone impact strength testing was undertaken after 30 days using an impact testing machine. Research data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. From the test results, we noted that propolis administration had an effect on the value of bone strength, with the dose of 720 mg/kg BW and 360 mg/kg BW having a significant effect, compared with others. With an increase in dose, propolis can provide an increase in the value of bone strength in rat bones.

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