scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz Extract Changes in the Histopathology of Aspirin-Induced Rat Gastritis Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1252-1257
Author(s):  
Hendrika Silitonga ◽  
Gontar A. Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

BACKGROUND: Gastritis is one of the most common diseases found in internal medicine clinics and daily life. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathological changes of gastric rat model of aspirin-induced gastritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group K(−) is a negative control (normal) not given any treatment, Group K(+) is a positive control induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW, Group 1 (P1) is a treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethanol extract of chayote 100 mg/kgBW, po, Group 2 (P2) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethanol extract of chayote 200 mg/kgBW, po, Group 3 (P3) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethyl acetate fraction chayote 100 mg/kgBW, PO, Group 4 (P4) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with ethyl acetate fraction chayote 200 mg/kgBW, PO, and Group 5 (P5) was the treatment group induced by aspirin 200 mg/kgBW with omeprazole 20 mg. RESULTS: Analysis of the results of inflammatory infiltration in gastric histopathology in Groups P1, P2, P3, and P4 showed mild inflammatory infiltration compared to Groups P(5) and K(+). The description of the acinar glands on gastric histopathology showed that the P2 group gave a better picture of the acinar gland repair than the K(+), P2, P3, P4, and P5 groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that ethanol extracts of squash 200 mg/KgBW own effectiveness as an anti-inflammatory on the improvement of infiltration of inflammatory and picture histopathological gastric mice compared with the ethanol extract of squash 100 mg/kg, the fraction of ethyl acetate chayote 100 mg/KgBW and 200 mg/KgBW and omeprazole 20 mg.

Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

scholarly journals Hydrogel Activity Test from Kirinyu Leaf Ethanol Extract (Chromolaenaodorata (L.) R. King & H. Rob) and Combination of Kirinyu Leaf Ethanol Extract with Collagen As A Healing Wound Excision.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Thursina C S ◽  
Julia R ◽  
Sumaiyah S
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Collagen Group ◽  
Healing Wound ◽  
Wound Excision ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Group 1

Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the kirinyu leaf ethanol extract hydrogel preparation and the combination of the kirinyu leaf ethanol extract with collagen as a healing wound excision. Method: This research is experimental, where the ethanol extracts of Kirinyu leaves and collagen are formulated in the form of hydrogel preparations and tested on the healing of excision wounds in rats. Testing wound healing activities were divided into 6 groups. The Group 1 (negative control) were given hydrogel base without Kirinyu leaf ethanol extract in combination with collagen, group 2 (positive control) were given Octenilin®gel, groups 3 and 4, were given hydrogel of Kirinyu leaf ethanol extract while groups 5 and 6 were given hydrogel extract of kirinyu leaves combined with collagen. Result: The results of percent reduction in wound diameter showed that groups 3 and 4 gave significant differences compared to group 1 which began to be seen on the 10th day (p <0.05). While groups 5 and 6 gave significant differences that began to be seen on the 8th day (p <0.05). Conclusion:Hydrogel preparation in group 6 has the most potential in healing excision wounds.    

scholarly journals Activity of Ethanol Fraction of Luffa Acutangula (L.) Roxb. on Cholesterol Reduction in Dyslipidemic Hamster

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Daniek Viviandhari ◽  
Rini Prastiwi ◽  
Elva Fitriani Puspitasari ◽  
Pegi Perdianti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Water Fraction

National data shows the prevalence of coronary heart disease is 3,6%. The prevalence of dyslipidemia is around 35,9%. Dyslipidemia has a causal relationship with cardiovascular disease. Based on previous research, 70% ethanolic extract of Ridge Gourd has been shown to have antihyperlipidemic activity. This study aimed to study the activity of 70% ethanolic extract fraction of Ridge Gourd in decreasing the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic hamsters. A total of 32 hamster were divided into 8 groups. Negative control, normal control, positive control (using atorvastatin dose 1,24 mg/kg body weight), positive control (fenofibrate dose 12,35 mg/kg body weight), ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane fraction, water fraction (fraction doses 36,75 mg/kg body weight), and ethanol extract group (extract dose of 240 mg/kg body weight). The results showed that fraction group (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water) and ethanol extract group experienced a decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides levels. Statistical analysis with one-way ANOVA showed an effect on the treatment given (p = 0,005). Tukey's test showed that ethyl acetate fraction group had an effect comparable to positive control with a decrease in total cholesterol,  LDL-C, and triglycerides level by 56,03%, 52,14%, and 59,51% consecutively. Ethyl acetate fraction (doses 36,75 mg/kg body weight) was the most effective fraction in reducing total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera LAM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Rizkayanti Rizkayanti ◽  
Anang Wahid M. Diah ◽  
Minarni Rama Jura
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leaves contains many molecules as inhibitors for free radicals such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalain), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids), and several other endogenous metabolites as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potency of water and ethanol extracts of moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leave obtained by maceration and dekok. The concentration of free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer after addition of various concentrations of Moringa leaves extracts. Various concentrations of moringa leave extracts used were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. Vitamin C solutions as the positive control were prepared on similar various concentrations. The negative control was prepared using DPPH solutions dissolved in absolute ethanol. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of moringa leaves prepared by maceration method showed the antioxidant potency with an IC50 value of 22.1818 ppm, but the IC50 value of water extract of moringa leaves prepared by dekok was 57.5439 ppm. While, the IC50 value of Vitamin C was 8.8084 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be concluded that Vitamin C is a stronger antioxidant than moringa leaves extracts.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laela Nur Anisah ◽  
Wasrin Syafii ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active  ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

scholarly journals PENGUJIAN EFEKTIVITAS DIURETIK KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AFRIKA (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum Del.) DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) PADA TIKUS JANTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Delisma Simorangkir
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Palm Leaf

African Leaf and palm leaf crops have a secondary metabolite content such as alkaloids and flavonoids that are efficacious as diuretics. The purpose of this study is to know the effectiveness of diuretics from the combination  African leaf ethanol extract and palm leaf ethanol extract. Methods used Eksperiemental. The test of diuretic activity is conducted divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group consists of 3 tails of white rats. Group 1 (positive control) administered Furosemide 3.6 mg/kgBB, Group 2 (negative control) was given suspension Na-CMC 0.5%, group 3 without treatment as well as groups of 4.5, and 6 in a row administered a combination of African leaf extract doses and extracts Oil palm leaf ethanol in a row of "50 mg/kgBB + 67, 5mg/kgBB"; "100mg/kgBB + 135 mg/kgBB"; and "200 mg/kgBB + 270 mg/kgBB". Each mouse is then given a 20ml NaCl/kgBB as an oral loading dose. Measured urine volume is recorded every hour for 6 hours after it continues to measure urine volume. The results showed that the combination of African leaf ethanol extract dosage and palm leaf ethanol extract had a diuretic effect if it was compared with negative control. The conclusion of the study was the results of the study showed that the combination of African leaf extract dosage and palm leaf extract is the most effective dose of Group 6 (African leaf extract 200 mg/kgBB + palm leaves 270 mg/kgBB ). Because it produces the highest urine volume of 23.01 ml.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mutagenic and Antimutagenic Activity of Methanol Extract of Cousinia thomsonii against Cyclophosphamide

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Shafi Khan ◽  
Khalid Bashir ◽  
Naveed Gulzar ◽  
Yaseen Maqbool Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of Cousinia thomsonii (CT) extract in bone marrow cells of male wistar rats using some important parameters like micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MnPCE), mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA) and polychromatic erythrocyte to normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE). 30 male rats of wistar strain were divided into 6 groups with 5 rats each group. Group 1 rats were taken as negative control having free access to distilled water and rat feed. Group 2 rats were taken as positive control treated with mutagen cyclophosphamide (CP) at dose of 60 mg/kg b wt. for 2 days. Group 3 and 4 were treated with CT extract at dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt. for 20 days. Group 5 and 6 were treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt of CT extract for first 18 days and for last 2 days with CP at dose concentration of 60 mg/kg. It was found that rats treated with CT extract alone did not produce any significant changes in MnPCE, PCE/NCE ratio, CA and MI when compared with control treated rats (group 1). However in group 5 and 6 rats treated with CT extract in combination with CP a protective effect was observed against the cyclophosphamide induced cellular mutagenicity. In concluding remark Cousinia thomsonii was found to show antigenotoxic potential and also produce protective antimutagenic effects against CP induced chromosomal damage.

UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA KULIT PUNGGUNG MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Fitri Handayani ◽  
Eka Siswanto ◽  
Lintang Ayu Trisna Pangesti
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
The People

Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids that can help in the healing process of burns on the back skin of mice. Gambir has been used for the treatment because it has the effect of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Gambir is used by the people as a traditional medicine to treat burns.This research is experimental research. The object studied is the potential of gambir extract on healing burns of mice back skin. The number of mice used are 15 which divided into 5 groups: the positive control group (branded ointment), negative control group (vaseline flavum), group of gambir ethanol extract and vaseline flavum concentration of 25%, 35%, and 45%. Each group consisted of 3 mice.Backs of the mice induced using a heated solder which tip contained stainlees plate measuring 1x1 cm and placed for 2 seconds on the back skin of mice. The percentage of burns healing is obtained by calculating the surface area of the wound. The data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis followed by LSD test. The results showed that ethanol extract of gambir concentration of 25% with the healing burns percentage of (72.00%), the concentration of 35% (85.00%), and the concentration of 45% (88.67%) have activity on healing burns of back skin of mice. The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed that the data has significant differences with a significance value <0.05 is 0.000. LSD test results stated that each treatment group have significant differences with a significance value <0.05. It can be seen that with increasing dose will be followed by duration of burns healing

UJI POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN BENALU BATU (BEGONIA SP) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DALAM DARAH DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PANKREAS TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Joni Tandi ◽  
Dela Erni Paerunan ◽  
Nurifa Nurifa ◽  
Yunlis Silintowe Kenta ◽  
Sri Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study aims to determine the potential for glucose levels in the blood of ethanol extracts of the begonias (Begonia Sp.), the effect of the extract on the pancreatic histopathology of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which was induced by streptozotocin, and the effective dose begonias’ extract leaves on the histopathological descriptions of pancreatic male white rats. This study was an experimental laboratory where the research group consisted of group I (the control group) as a normal control was given a standard feed, group II (negative control) was given a 0.5% Na CMC suspension, group III (positive control) was orally given glibenclamide and experimental groups IV, V, and VI (doses 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW). Were given ethanol extract of begonias leaves. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the begonias (Begonia Sp.) contained secondary metabolite compounds, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols, and tannins. Ethanol extract of begonias leaves at adose of 50 mg/kg BW was an affective dose in reducing blood glucoselevels by an avarage of 101,8 mg/dL) and a dose of 50 mg/kg BW can affect the histopathological picture of the pancreas in STZ induuced rats with an average damage value of 2 from a maximum of 4.

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