Assessing Social Entrepreneurs' Personal Network for Resource Acquisition

2019 ◽  
pp. 154-186
Author(s):  
Susana Bernardino ◽  
José Freitas Santos
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Personal Network

Social entrepreneurial activity is characterized by the innovative search for resource acquisition, combination, and management to pursue opportunities aiming at fulfilling the organization's mission. The network approach to entrepreneurship assumes that entrepreneurs use their personal network to acquire resources and manage the assets of the organization. This chapter intends to analyze whether social entrepreneurs use their personal network to acquire different resources. The investigation uses a quantitative approach, based on an online survey of individuals involved in the management of Portuguese social organizations. The results attained reveal that social entrepreneurs are usually involved in strong and diversified networks. Their personal networks shape the way human, financial, and informational resources are obtained and managed. The major influence is made by social entrepreneurs' indirect contacts (weak ties) and the benefits they perceive these networks are able to provide.

Kinship, Ethnic Segregation and Multiculturalism in Singapore: A Relational Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Chua
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Ethnic Integration ◽  
Interethnic Contact ◽  
Kinship Relations

AbstractThe question of inter-ethnic integration and segregation in multicultural societies has been characterised by remarkable tensions at the level of public and scholarly debate between optimists who see 'good' inter-ethnic relations and pessimists who see 'bad' ones. In reality, the ethnic situation in multicultural societies is often more nuanced than these labels suggest. Using personal network analysis applied to a segment of Singapore society, I show that estimates of interethnic contact are highly-contingent upon a range of methodological and social factors. Substantively, I discuss how inter-ethnic interactions may often be hampered by in-group pressures arising from kinship relations. In practice, where 'keeping family' often means 'keeping ethnicity', kinship pre-eminence in everyday life tends to suppress inter-ethnic friendship in intimate regions of personal networks. By contrast, inter-ethnic integration is more readily seen in outer regions of personal networks, suggesting that 'multiculturalism' is, in practice, a form of society based on weak ties rather than strong bonds.

scholarly journals Collecting large personal networks in a representative sample of Dutch women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Stulp
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Respondent Burden ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Significant Burden

In this study we report on our experiences with collecting large personal network data (25 alters) from a representative sample of Dutch women. We made use of GENSI, a recently developed tool for network data collection using interactive visual elements that has been shown to reduce respondent burden. A sample of 758 women between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited through the LISS-panel; a longitudinal online survey of Dutch men and women. Respondents were asked to name exactly 25 alters, answer sixteen questions about these alters (name interpreter questions), and assess all 300 alter-alter relations. Nearly all (97%) respondents reported on 25 alters. Non-response was minimal: 92% of respondents had no missing values, and an additional 5% had fewer then 10% missing values. Listing 25 alters took 3.5±2.2 (mean±SD) minutes, and reporting on the ties between these alters took 3.6±1.3 minutes. Answering all alter question took longest with a time of 15.2±5.3 minutes. The majority of respondents thought the questions were clear and easy to answer, and most enjoyed filling in the survey. Collecting large personal networks can mean a significant burden to respondents, but through the use of visual elements in the survey, it is clear that it can be done within reasonable time and enjoyment and without much non-response.

scholarly journals Development and Application of the Owner-Bird Relationship Scale (OBRS) to Assess the Relation of Humans to Their Pet Birds

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Burmeister ◽  
Katrin Drasch ◽  
Monika Rinder ◽  
Sebastian Prechsl ◽  
Andrea Peschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Pet Birds ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Only a few birds besides domestic pigeons and poultry can be described as domesticated. Therefore, keeping a pet bird can be challenging, and the human-avian relationship will have a major influence on the quality of this cohabitation. Studies that focus on characterizing the owner-bird relationship generally use adapted cat/dog scales which may not identify its specific features. Following a sociological approach, a concept of human-animal relationship was developed leading to three types of human-animal relationship (impersonal, personal, and close personal). This concept was used to develop a 21-item owner-bird-relationship scale (OBRS). This scale was applied to measure the relationship between pet bird owners (or keepers) (n = 1,444) and their birds in an online survey performed in Germany. Factor analysis revealed that the relationship between owner and bird consisted of four dimensions: the tendency of the owner to anthropomorphize the bird; the social support the bird provides for the owner; the empathy, attentiveness, and respect of the owner toward the bird; and the relationship of the bird toward the owner. More than one quarter of the German bird owners of this sample showed an impersonal, half a personal, and less than a quarter a close personal relationship to their bird. The relationship varied with the socio-demographic characteristics of the owners, such as gender, marital status, and education. This scale supports more comprehensive quantitative research into the human-bird relationship in the broad field of human-animal studies including the psychology and sociology of animals as well as animal welfare and veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals New Risks of Social Entrepreneurs in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Natalya М. Lavrenyuk-Isaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
State Support ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
The Subject

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the overall risks and demonstrated the attitudes of members of society towards them. The subject is the carriers and owners of risks in the context of a pandemic from among social entrepreneurs and traditionally classified as vulnerable categories of citizens. The purpose of the work is to analyze the contradiction between the demand for a number of state support measures for traditionally allocated vulnerable groups of the population and the situation with their implementation, in which social entrepreneurs are involved along with state structures to provide services in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The novelty of the approach is to clarify the categories of socially vulnerable citizens based on the division of social risks in the new conditions of the pandemic. Current empirical sociological data obtained by the online survey commissioned by the relevant department allowed us to determine the urgency of the demand for state support measures. To reduce dependence on the state and develop partnerships, the income of social entrepreneurs should not be lower than the average salary in the region. To do this, it is important to create associative forms of interaction and develop cooperation with business, science, and education. A promising and difficult task for the authorities is to involve socially vulnerable citizens in innovative social activities in the format of social entrepreneurship, in interaction with social protection agencies for their effectiveness. The development of tools for stimulating cooperation between beneficiaries and stakeholders is on the agenda for further study

scholarly journals Post-materialistic values and entrepreneurial intention – the case of Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Alammari ◽  
Robert Newbery ◽  
Mohamed Yacine Haddoud ◽  
Emily Beaumont
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Materialistic Values

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how cultural values influence the entrepreneurial process. It conceptualises the relationship between post-materialistic values and entrepreneurial intention to explain low entrepreneurial activity.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted in Saudi Arabia with non-entrepreneurs. An online survey returned 405 valid questionnaires, representing a 27 per cent response rate. The data were analysed using partial least structural equation modelling.FindingsThe paper identifies key factors that explain the influence of changing cultural values on entrepreneurial activity. The results show that post-materialistic values influence entrepreneurial intention by decreasing desirability and entrepreneurial self-efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsThe study conceptualises the interplay between cultural values and entrepreneurial intention in Saudi Arabia. Further insights can be developed by comparing Saudi Arabia with other countries. The study was conducted as a “snapshot” of the current situation of entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia with a cross-sectional survey design.Practical implicationsThe paper holds important implications for entrepreneurship educators when addressing unsupportive cultures for entrepreneurial activity. Cultural and motivational approaches are suggested. While the former focuses on aspects that encourage the desire and confidence to start a business, the latter involves encouraging setting venture creation as a goal.Originality/valuePrevious studies indicated that post-materialistic values negatively influence entrepreneurship; this paper contributes further by exploring how this relationship manifests by exploring the intervening factors between post-materialistic values and entrepreneurial intention. It advances entrepreneurship research by investigating deep assumptions underlying the formulation of entrepreneurial intentions. It also responds to the need to understand the difference in the levels of entrepreneurial activity across countries.

Responsible lobbying: an empirical study in the EU

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Order Construct ◽  
Pls Analysis ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Eu

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the awareness and practice responsible lobbying in the EU. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which responsible lobbying criteria are fulfilled and to investigate whether responsible lobbying yields concrete benefits in the political arena. Design/methodology/approach The study takes a quantitative approach combining descriptive and multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis based on data gained from an online survey among lobbyists in the EU. A new measurement instrument for responsible lobbying is used that grasps the multidimensional phenomenon with a formative-formative higher-order construct. Findings The study reveals that criteria of responsible lobbying are fulfilled to a large extent according to the lobbyists. The PLS analysis confirms the applicability of the multidimensional model of responsible lobbying, although there is only a weak link between Dimension (1), referring to the company’s stated corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitment and coherence with lobbying and the second-order construct responsible lobbying. Based on the information given by respondents, the analysis provides evidence for a positive impact of responsible lobbying on both lobbying success and corporate reputation, but also for the dependence of these two variables on additional factors. Originality/value Responsible lobbying as an aligned approach to CSR and lobbying is a long neglected research topic, which has been gaining interest recently. This study contributes to empirical knowledge on the awareness and practice of responsible lobbying in the EU by taking a quantitative approach based on a solid theoretical foundation.

VENTURE ACCELERATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL GROWTH IN CENTRAL AMERICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050026
Author(s):  
HANS RAWHOUSER ◽  
CHRISTOPHER SUTTER ◽  
IAN McDONOUGH
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Central America ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Growth ◽  
Critical Resources

Intermediaries such as accelerators support entrepreneurial activity in developing countries by connecting entrepreneurs to critical resources and by reshaping the entrepreneurial ventures so they can better participate in larger markets. Existing research has examined the activities intermediaries undertake and how these activities influence intermediary effectiveness. However, we know much less about which entrepreneurial ventures benefit from intermediation. Using 24 months of pre- and post-intervention sales data for 139 ventures working with a business accelerator in Central America, we find that facilitating resource acquisition is less important than the constraints to change within the entrepreneurial ventures themselves. Thus, our study suggests that although facilitating resource acquisition through venture acceleration is important, it may be insufficient for increasing venture growth. Rather, the malleability of the venture may play a more important role in intermediation effectiveness.

Utilizing Social Networks in Social Entrepreneurship

2019 ◽  
pp. 232-250
Author(s):  
Nuray Atsan
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Organizational Growth ◽  
Network Usage

This chapter focuses on the linkage between social networks and social entrepreneurship and argues that social networks are crucial in social entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurs rely on different compositions of social networks in different stages of the entrepreneurial process. Drawing from network approach in entrepreneurship, this chapter continues by exploring the theoretical framework including conceptualizations of social entrepreneurship and social networks. It then introduces evolution of social networks in comply with organizational growth process. As a result, the chapter discusses utilizing social networks in social entrepreneurship. The conclusion reflects on possible characteristics of network usage and composition through the life cycle of social enterprises.

Personal networks and psychological attributes: Exploring individual differences in personality and sense of community and their relationship to the structure of personal networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidro Maya-Jariego ◽  
Srebrenka Letina ◽  
Elena González Tinoco
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Ego Networks ◽  
Network Measures ◽  
Psychological Attributes ◽  
Psychological Differences ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper explores the relationship between personality characteristics, sense of community and the structure of personal networks. We collected personal network data from 100 adults, consisting of the information about their 45 alters and ties among them. In addition to the typically used bivariate correlations to analyze the relationship between individual psychological differences and network structure, we propose first the use of typologies of networks and personality and second modified versions of the triadic census in ego-networks. The results show that different personality types tend to occupy a different kind of networks and that newly introduced triadic measures show a relatively higher association with examined psychological attributes than global network measures. Overall, the Psychological Sense of Community showed higher associations with network measures than Big Five personality traits. The former was positively correlated with measures of closed triads among alters, but also with alters embedded in triads with weak ties. Regarding personality traits, Emotional Stability was positively correlated with strong closed triads and with the overall indicator of density. The elaboration of typologies and the census of triads are shown to be effective strategies for the description of personal networks, as well as for the analysis of individual psychological differences.

scholarly journals Problems of Social Entrepreneurship: Motivation and Competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Terekhova ◽  
Elena Trofimova ◽  
Svetlana Malakhaeva ◽  
Galina Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Irkutsk Region

The article examined the specifics of economical self-determination of social entrepreneurs. We identified main socio-psychological characteristics of social entrepreneurs based on international and domestic studies of this phenomenon. The sample included 104 small business entrepreneurs in Irkutsk and the Irkutsk region. 52 of them were social entrepreneurs and 52 were commercial. We used different methods including qualitative methods: interviews and an associative experiment. The goal of the study was to identify the key motives of entrepreneurial activity, polymotivation trends, attitudes towards competition, competitiveness, and relationships between them. The study found that social entrepreneurs in their activities are mainly focused on the motives of personal self-realization, the desire to implement their ideas, overcome difficulties and achieve results, they have more pronounced altruistic and social motives. Social entrepreneurs have a positive attitude towards competition and, at the same time, seek to cooperate with partners.

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