scholarly journals Effect of different levels of supplementary alpha-amylase in finishing broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e47546
Author(s):  
Solange de Faria Castro ◽  
Antonio Gilberto Bertechini ◽  
Eduardo Machado Costa Lima ◽  
Alisson Hélio Sampaio Clemente ◽  
Verônica Gabriela Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Different Levels

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha-amylase supplementation on performance and carcass and cuts yield in broilers during finishing phase (21 to 42 days). A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments and eight replications was used: Positive Control (PC): no enzyme; Negative control (NC): without enzyme formulated with 6.34% less energy (- 6.34% ME); NC1: with 250 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC2: with 500 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC3: with 750 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC4: with 1000 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase. Significant differences in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion were reported with the inclusion of alpha-amylase. The NC treatment with inclusion of amylase provided improvement values of weight gain, feed conversion and feed intake, but do not was similarly in comparison to those obtained in broilers fed a diet that completely met the requirements during this phase. There was no dietary influence on carcass parameters. The use of alpha-amylase was effective in improving performance in broilers fed a diet of 200 kcal kg-1 of reduced metabolizable energy.

Evaluation of yeast sludge cell wall and commercial clay based toxin binders against aflatoxin B1 on growth and serum parameters of broilers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir Allah Ditta ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Talat Naseer Pasha ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Yingyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

A comparative study was conducted to evaluate yeast sludge cell wall (YSCW) and commercial toxin binders against different levels of aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) in broilers. A total of 390 one day old (1-d-o) chicks were divided into 13 groups with treatments (three replicates / treatment ten birds in each). Negative control (NC) contained no AFB1 and toxin binder in feed. Positive control (PC) was offered with different AFB1 levels (100, 200 and 300 µg/kg) in feed which were being produced in the laboratory earlier. The remaining treatments included YSCW, bentonites, combination of bentonites and glucomannan (Bent + Gluc) at different AFB1 levels in factorial arrangement from 8th to 28th days of age. Among positive control, 200 and 300 µg/kg AFB1 levels showed 37.42% and 36.38% decrease in weight gain causing 1.41 and 1.35 times increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to NC. YSCW and Bent + Gluc showed better weight gain (87.9, 83.45 and 75.48% for YSCW and 83.37, 82.83 and 78.35 for Bent + Gluc vs 66.26, 62.6 and 63.6% for PC as compared to NC) at 100, 200 and 300 µg AFB1/kg, respectively. The dietary treatments, aflatoxin levels and toxin binders showed non-significant effect for feed intake, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and significant on albumin and uric acid. It was concluded that AFB1 affect the growth at different levels significantly. Like other toxin binders, YSCW was found to nullify the deleterious effects of AFB1 and showed non-significant effect among themselves at different AFB1 levels.

scholarly journals Buttiauxella phytase maintains growth performance in broilers fed diets with reduced nutrients under a commercial setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Y. Dersjant-Li ◽  
K. Van de Belt ◽  
C. Kwakernaak ◽  
L. Marchal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Digestible Amino Acids

The effect of down specifying nutrients in diets supplemented with Buttiauxella spp. phytase was studied in a commercial trial. Three treatments were tested with five replicate groups, each containing 700, one-day-old straight run Ross 308 broilers. Birds were fed pelleted diets from days 0-42 in four phases: starter (days 0-10); grower (days 11-21); finisher 1 (days 22-35) and finisher 2 (days 36-42). A nutritionally adequate, unsupplemented, positive control (PC) diet based on wheat, corn and soybean meal was compared against two down specified, negative control (NC) diets containing Buttiauxella phytase supplemented at 500 or 1000 FTU/kg. The reduction level was 0.134 and 0.159% unit for digestible phosphorus, 0.164 and 0.189% unit for calcium, 0.03 and 0.04% unit for sodium, 0.283 and 0.309 MJ/kg for nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy in all phases and variable digestible amino acids in different phases, respectively for the diets containing the phytase at 500 and 1000 FTU/kg. An unsupplemented NC diet was not included, as it would have caused welfare and health issues. Weight gain and mortality-corrected feed conversion ratio for birds receiving phytase at either inclusion levels were equivalent to the PC group. Feed intake was increased by 500 FTU/kg phytase (P<0.05) during 0-21 d vs PC. Including 1000 FTU/kg phytase reduced water intake vs PC at 0-42 d and water-to-feed intake ratios, after the starter phase (P<0.05). Carcass yield in birds supplemented with either phytase level was not different from PC. Tibia ash was unaffected by treatment. Estimated feed costs (inclusive of phytase) were lower in supplemented than un-supplemented (PC) diets, by 10.0 to 13.7 €/ton diet. The trial demonstrated that reducing nutrient specifications of diets supplemented with Buttiauxella phytase maintained growth performance, lowered feed costs, with production benefits maximised at inclusion levels of 1000 FTU/kg.

Use of okara (aqueous extract residue) in the diet of starter broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Diaz-Vargas ◽  
A.E. Murakami ◽  
I.C. Ospina-Rojas ◽  
L.H. Zanetti ◽  
M.M. Puzotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Inclusion Level

Two experiments were carried out to determine the chemical composition of okara and to evaluate the performance and carcass yield of broilers fed diets containing increasing levels of okara. In experiment 1, a total of 72 21-d-old Cobb male broilers were distributed in an entirely randomized experimental design consisting of three treatments and four replicates of six birds each. The energy in okara was 2972 kcal of AME kg−1, with an apparent metabolizable energy (AME) coefficient of 60.72 (% dry matter). In experiment 2, a total of 840 male Cobb male chicks were distributed in an entirely randomized experimental design consisting of six treatments (0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10% okara inclusion) and six replicates of 28 birds each. The inclusion of increasing levels of okara from 1 to 21 d of age linearly reduced (P < 0.05) weight gain and feed intake, without affecting (P > 0.05) feed conversion, carcass, breast, drumstick, and thigh yields at 42 d of age. Economic analysis indicated that a 10.0% inclusion level of okara in broiler diets during the starter phase produced the best economic results.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels in diets with a fixed nutrient: calorie ratio for free-range broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 4009-4022
Author(s):  
Thiago Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
◽  
Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Luanna Lopes Paiva Copat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Deposition

The present study proposes to examine the effect of dietary levels of metabolizable energy, under a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, on the production performance; body fat and protein deposition; and carcass characteristics of free-range broilers from 1 to 84 days of age. Nine hundred unsexed chicks were allocated to six treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg of diet) and a fixed proportion of nutrients relative to the energy level according to the nutritional requirements for each rearing phase. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, production viability, metabolizable energy intake, protein intake, lysine intake, body fat deposition, body protein deposition and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and, later, to regression analysis. Increasing levels of metabolizable energy, coupled with a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, reduced feed intake, increased body weight and weight gain, improved feed conversion and did not affect carcass characteristics. In conclusion, adjusting the nutrient supply according to the dietary energy level improves production performance by improving feed conversion, ensuring adequate nutrient intake and preserving fat and protein deposition in the carcass when the metabolizable energy level is raised up to 3200 Kcal/kg in all rearing stages.

scholarly journals Effect of different phytases on the performance, nutrient retention and tibia composition in broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1028-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ptak ◽  
D. Józefiak ◽  
B. Kierończyk ◽  
M. Rawski ◽  
K. Żyła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

Abstract. The effect of different phytases on the performance response, nutrient utilization and tibia characteristics of chickens was investigated. The five pelleted diets were the following: positive control (PC) with added monocalcium phosphate; negative control (NC) formulated with equivalency values of phytase for Ca and digestible P; and three further diets where different phytases were individually added to the NC diet at 500 FTU/kg. The phytases were derived either from Aspergillus (phytase I), or E. coli (phytases II and III). Compared to PC, the performance parameters, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), mineral retention, bone breaking force and tibia mineral content were suppressed by the reduction of dietary Ca and digestible P. All phytases enhanced the overall body weight gains and feed conversion ratio in comparison with NC, but none outperformed PC. Only phytase II improved AMEn compared to NC and PC group. However only phytase I outperformed NC group in terms of mineral retention and P retention was higher than phytase II and III. No significant differences were observed in fat digestibility and N retention. Bone strength among phytases did not differ and all improved this parameter compared to the NC diet. However, even though all phytases enhanced tibia minerals content, the improvement was less pronounced with phytase III. Moreover, the differences in all analysed tibia minerals between phytase III and II were significant suggesting that even among 6-phytases derived from and expressed in the same organism, different efficacy or mode of action can occur.

scholarly journals Purified glycerin in balanced diets for chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Calixto da Silva ◽  
Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira Vaz ◽  
Kênia Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
Luciano Fernanades Sousa ◽  
José Henrique Stringhini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This paper aimed to evaluate the metabolizability, performance and economic viability of purified glycerin inclusion in balanced diets fed to chicken broilers from 8 to 21 days old. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, 100 broilers (14 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into two treatments, with five replications of 10 broilers. Treatments consisted of a control diet and a test diet, in which purified glycerin replaced 10% of the control diet. In the second experiment, 200 broilers (8 days old) were distributed in a completely randomized design into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6% of purified glycerin inclusion), with five replications of 10 broilers. The weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, final weight, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (DMMC), crude protein (CPMC) and gross energy (GEMC), and the cost of feed per kg of broiler produced were evaluated. The AME, AMEn, DMMC, CPMC and GEMC from the purified glycerin were 3790 and 3560 kcal/kg, and 83.72, 71.52 and 86.27%, respectively. The glycerin levels did not affect (p>0.05) any of the performance characteristics (weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and final weight). The lowest feeding cost and the highest gross margin were obtained for broilers fed with 6% purified glycerin. The inclusion of 6% purified glycerin in balanced diets for broilers from 8 to 21 days old was technically and economically feasible.

scholarly journals CRUDE PROTEIN IN DIETS OF EUROPEAN QUAILS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Almeida Dumont ◽  
Sandra Regina Freitas Pinheiro ◽  
Jéssica Amaral Miranda ◽  
Fernanda Maria Pimentel Pinto ◽  
Patrícia Coelho Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Breast Weight ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate crude protein (CP) levels for European quails from one to 14, 14 to 28 and 28 to 42 days old. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments and five replications. No significant effects of CP levels on weight gain and feed conversion from 1 to 14 days were observed, however quails fed 26% CP diets had lower feed intake. The CP levels from 14 to 28 days had significant effect on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion. Maximum weight gain and minimum feed conversion were estimated for quails fed 24% CP. The CP levels had a significant effect on the traits studied in the final phase, highest weight gain and lowest feed conversion were estimated for quails fed 23% CP. No significant effects of CP levels on hot and cold carcass weights, breast weight, and thigh and drumstick weight were observed. The crude protein requirements for European quails from 1 to 14, 14 to 28 days and 28 to 42 days old are 26, 24 and 23%, respectively, if the requirements of the first limiting amino acids are met.

Performance of broiler with feeding different levels of palm oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
GB Das ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MA Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels

Six hundred day-old unsexed broiler chicks were used in a 42-day trial to compare the effects of different levels of palm oil supplementation on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and carcass quality of broilers. The chicks were randomly distributed following a completely randomized design in four treatment groups having three replications per treatment. Each treatment had 150 broilers with 50 broilers per replicate. Four diets were formulated using locally available ingredients as diet without oil, diets containing 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5% palm oil. All broilers had free access to ad libitum feeding. Results indicated that, supplementation of diets with different levels of palm oil significantly (p<0.05) influenced feed intake of broiler only at the age of 6th week. It was observed that as the level of supplementation increased, feed intake gradually decreased up to 6th week. Supplementation of diets with different levels of palm oil increased live weight gain of broilers. Differences (p<0.01) were observed at the end of 4th, 5th and 6th weeks of age only. Use of different levels of palm oil significantly (p<0.05) changed blood weight, heart weight and dressed weight. Survivability of broilers was higher in the supplemented group compared with without oil group. It was concluded that, supplementation of palm oil at 3.5% level in the diet of broilers resulted higher weight gain, better feed conversion and improved carcass characteristics comparing other levels. It may be concluded that supplementation of palm oil at 3.5% level in the diet of broilers resulted significantly (p>0.05) higher feed conversion ratio compared to 2.5% and 3.0% levels.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19384 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 45-51

scholarly journals Dehydrated cassava co-product in starting piglets feeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2775
Author(s):  
Davi Elias De Sá e Castro ◽  
Paulo Levi De Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Jansller Luiz Genova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Different Levels

Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value of a dehydrated cassava co-product (DCC) and its effects on the performance and blood variables of piglets fed with different levels of DCC. In experiment I, a digestibility assay was performed and 30 whole-male crossbred piglets with initial body weight of 18.00 ± 0.673 kg were housed individually in metabolism cages and distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 5 treatments, 6 replicates and one animal per experimental unit. A reference diet was formulated to meet the category nutritional requirements and the different levels of DCC replacement (6, 12, 18 and 24%) were used to replace the reference diet and composed the treatments. In experiment II, 120 piglets (60 whole males and 60 females) were used, with initial body weight of 13.05 ± 1.59 kg, distributed in a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments, 6 replicates and 4 animals per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of five feeds with increasing inclusion levels (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%) of the DCC. The feed based on corn and soybean meal were formulated to meet the recommended levels in starting piglets feeding. The data were submitted for statistical analysis and, when presenting significant difference, the averages were compared by the Dunnet’s test at 10 % significance. In the digestibility assay, the values of DCC’s digestive energy and metabolizable energy of 3,022 and 2,984 kcal kg -1 in natural matter, respectively, were found. There was no significant effect (p > 0.10) of inclusion levels of DCC on the final weight and daily gain of weight however we observed a quadratic effect (p < 0.10) of the DCC levels on daily feed intake and feed conversion. For the analysis of blood parameters, the results showed that there was no effect (p > 0.10) of DCC levels on glucose and blood urea in the different treatments. The use of the dehydrated cassava co-product can be an energetic alternative to piglets in starting phase and can be used up to 12 %.

scholarly journals The effect of exogenous enzymes on the performance and digestibility of nutrients in broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Dos Santos Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
Dimitri Moreira de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Xylanase Enzyme

Here we tested how feeding with exogenous enzymes affects the performance, carcass yield, and ileal digestibility in broilers from 21- to 42-days-old. The study included 1008 male broilers randomly distributed into six diets: positive control (PC), corn and soybean meal containing all the nutritional requirements; negative control (NC), with a 120 kcal.kg-1 reduction in metabolizable energy relative to the PC; enzyme complex one (NC + 100 ppm of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase); enzyme complex two (NC + 200 ppm of xylanase, amylase and protease); enzyme blend one (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 200 FXU kg-1 of amylase); and enzyme blend two (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 300 FXU kg-1 of amylase). The enzyme complex two (CN + 100 FXU.kg de xilanase e 300 FXU.kg de amilase) and enzyme blend two (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 300 FXU kg-1 of amylase) had greater weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield, and digestibility of nutrients than the NC (P < 0,05). We found that enzyme complex two and enzyme blend two valued their nutritional matrix promoting better performance and digestibility of broilers.

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