scholarly journals In vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Cissus verticillata and Sphagneticola trilobata used for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in Brazilian folk medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e56549
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Schmitz ◽  
Patrícia Weimer ◽  
Aline Maria Weschenfelder ◽  
Alana Witt Hansen ◽  
Rage Weidner Maluf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Toxicological Profile

Cissus verticillata and Sphagneticola trilobata have been used in Brazilian folk medicine for Diabetes Mellitus treatment, although their pharmacological and toxicological profile has not been clearly established. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the preclinical toxicity of the aqueous extracts of C. verticillata and S. trilobata. The main groups of secondary metabolites were investigated, and the species differed by the presence of coumarins in C. verticillata and by tannins in S. trilobata extracts. The highest contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were quantified in C. verticillata infusion with 2.594 ± 0.04 mg equivalents of gallic acid g-1 of extract and 1.301 ± 0.015 mg equivalents of catechin g-1 of extract, respectively. While the extract of S. trilobata showed minimum values of these compounds, with 0.002 ± 0.001 mg equivalents of gallic acid g-1 extract and 0.005 ± 0.0004 mg equivalents of catechin g-1 of extract, respectively. These differences implied the results of in vitro antioxidant activity evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), in which the sample of C. verticillata at 5 mg mL-1 showed a value of 122 µM ferrous sulfate equivalents (FSE), while S. trilobata showed 0.93 µM FSE at the same concentration. With respect to cytotoxic assay with murine fibroblast cell line (3T3) only S. trilobata exhibited cytotoxic effects measured by MTT and Sulforhodamine B assays, evidenced by the cell viability value of approximately 16%, in both tests after 24 and 72 hours of exposure of the cells to 5 mg mL-1 of the extract. Comparatively, at 5 mg mL-1 the C. verticillata extract showed cell viability of 142% and 95%, respectively, after 24 hours of cell exposure. On the other hand, both species showed genotoxic profiles evidenced by chromosomal aberrations by Allium cepa bioassay, observed by the higher percentage values of chromosome bridges, chromosome loss, and disturbed anaphase for all concentrations of both extracts than those of the negative control. The results support the characterization of the toxicological profile for both species and create an alert regarding the use of S. trilobata, which should be avoided.

VDAC1 Mediated Anticancer Activity of Gallic Acid in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikebaier Maimaiti ◽  
Amier Aili ◽  
Hureshitanmu Kuerban ◽  
Xuejun Li
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lung Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Aims: Gallic acid (GA) is generally distributed in a variety of plants and foods, and possesses cell growth-inhibiting activities in cancer cell lines. In the present study, the impact of GA on cell viability, apoptosis induction and possible molecular mechanisms in cultured A549 lung carcinoma cells was investigated. Methods: In vitro experiments showed that treating A549 cells with various concentrations of GA inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In order to understand the mechanism by which GA inhibits cell viability, comparative proteomic analysis was applied. The changed proteins were identified by Western blot and siRNA methods. Results: Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed changes that occurred to the cells when treated with or without GA. Four up-regulated protein spots were clearly identified as malate dehydrogenase (MDH), voltagedependent, anion-selective channel protein 1(VDAC1), calreticulin (CRT) and brain acid soluble protein 1(BASP1). VDAC1 in A549 cells was reconfirmed by western blot. Transfection with VDAC1 siRNA significantly increased cell viability after the treatment of GA. Further investigation showed that GA down regulated PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These data strongly suggest that up-regulation of VDAC1 by GA may play an important role in GA-induced, inhibitory effects on A549 cell viability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of coconut water neutralized by different agents on the viability of human fibroblasts: an in vitro study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira SOARES ◽  
Aletheia Moraes ROCHA ◽  
Manuella Verdinelli de Paula REIS ◽  
Camilla Christian Gomes MOURA ◽  
Carlos José SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
Adjustment Method

Abstract Objective This study evaluated four types of pH adjustment of the coconut water (CW) on viability of human fibroblasts (HFF). Material and method Natural and industrialized CW were adjusted to pH 7.0 using: (1) Sodium Hidroxide (NaOH), (2) Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), (3) Triethanolamine (C6H15NO3), (4) 2-Amino-2-Methil-1-Propanol (C4H11NO). Fibroblasts were plated at 2×104/ well in 96 well plates and maintained in the CW solutions for 2 h and 4 h. Positive control was represented by HFF maintained in DMEM and the negative control by tap water. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT formazan method. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s and Dunnet’s test. Result There are no significant effect on the cell viability regarding type of CW, period of evaluation, and the interactions between CW and period of evaluation, CW and pH adjustment method, pH adjustment method and period of evaluation (p>0.05). Conclusion The product used for CW pH adjustment did not influenced HFF viability, thought there are a tendency of better performance in natural CW.

scholarly journals Experimental in vitro Comparative Study of Chromovitectomy Agents Cyto- and Phototoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480
Author(s):  
N. M. Kislitsyna ◽  
S. V. Novikov ◽  
N. V. Perova ◽  
S. V. Kolesnik ◽  
A. I. Kolesnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Test Plate ◽  
Mouse Fibroblasts ◽  
Nih 3T3

Intravitreal use of vital dyes in combination with the action of endoillumination can induce a cyto- and phototoxic effect on posterior eye segment structures. The search for a staining agent with a maximum safety profile to retinal structures, intensively and selectively coloring vitreous body and vitreoretinal interface structure, remains relevant.Objective: to determine comparative viability of NIH / 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell culture with traditional agents for chromovitrectomy and “Vitreocontrast” suspension with and without endovitreal illumination.Materials and methods. NIH / 3T3 mouse fibroblast cultures contacted with agents for chromovitrectomy (MembraneBlue® Dual, Triamcinolone acetonide, “Vitreocontrast” suspension) and the corresponding controls in a volume of 50 μl / well. The test plate was irradiated with a Photon II illuminator (Synergetics, USA), working distance of 5 mm. The control tablet with the introduced preparations was not exposed to light. Next, the cells were washed and incubated, after which the morphology and lysis of the cells, as well as the number of proliferating relatively negative control of fibroblasts, were evaluated using the vital dye PrestoBlue Cell Viability Reagent. Negative control was the complete growth medium for the cultivation of mouse fibroblasts of the NIH / 3T3 line. The results of the cytotoxic reaction of a culture of mouse fibroblasts of the NIH / 3T3 line were interpreted using the table “The degree of cell response”.Results. Studies have shown that exposure to a source of endovitual illumination does not affect the cytotoxic effect of TA suspension and MembraneBlue® Dual dye. The TA suspension, both after light source and without it, has a moderate cytotoxic effect, and MembraneBlue® Dual has no cytotoxic effect on the culture of mouse fibroblasts of the NIH / 3T3 strain. Without light, “Vitreocontrast” suspension does not have cytotoxic effect on mouse fibroblasts culture NIH / 3T3 line. Light irradiation for 1 h increases the cytotoxicity of “Vitreocontrast” suspension to the level of unsharp cytotoxicity allowed by ISO Standard 10993-5-2011.Conclusion. The safety profile of MembraneBlue® Dual and “Vitreocontrast” suspension allows them to be recommended for use in endovitreal surgery. The cyto- and phototoxicity demonstrated in the experiment with TA suspension can reduce the functional outcomes of retinal surgery. 

In vitro antihemolytic effect, in vivo anti inflammatory and In vitro antioxidant activity of Anchusa azurea Mill

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boussoualim Naouel ◽  
Trabsa Hayat ◽  
Krache Imane ◽  
Ouhida Soraya ◽  
Arrar Lekhmissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background: Anchusa azurea Mill. (AA) is a medicinal plant largely used traditionally in folk medicine in Algeria, it is locally named: hamham. It is effective in the treatment of various diseases. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hemolytic effects of phenolic fractions from Anchusa azurea Mill. Methods: In this study, various extracts from Anchusa azurea Mill. (AA) using solvents with increasing polarity were prepared. The quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids was determined. The anti-radical activity of the different extracts was evaluated using DPPH and by measuring the inhibition of the oxidative degradation of β-carotene. The In vitro antihemolytic effect of the plant extracts is determined (CrE, ChE, AcE and AqE). For each extract, four concentrations were tested: 10.59, 21.18, 42.37, 84.74 µg/ml. Vitamin C is used as a standard. Free-radical attack was measured by measuring the HT50 (Half-Hemolysis Time). The anti-inflammatory effect using PMA on mice of the methanolic extract (CrE) was evaluated. Results: The quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids showed that ethyl acetate extract (AcE) contains a higher amount of polyphenols. However, chloroform extract (ChE) presents a higher amount of flavonoids. AcE showed an important scavenging activity using the DPPH radical (IC50= 68.35 µg/ml). The results showed that AcE also exhibited very great inhibition on the oxidation of β-carotene/linoleic acid (84.33%). All extracts increased the HT50 values (Half-Hemolysis Time) in a dose-dependent manner. The three highest concentrations (21.18, 42.37 and 84.74 µg / ml) of ChE caused a very significant delay (p ≤ 0.001) of hemolysis compared to the negative control and the positive control "VIT C". The anti-inflammatory effect using PMA on mice showed that the methanolic extract (CrE) of AA reduced the weight of the ear edema. Conclusions: This plant has a strong pharmacological power, which supports its traditional medicinal use.

scholarly journals Libidibia ferreaFruit Crude Extract and Fractions Show Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antinociceptive EffectIn Vivoand Increase Cell ViabilityIn Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamires Rocha Falcão ◽  
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo ◽  
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares ◽  
Iuri Brilhante de Farias ◽  
Wliana Alves Viturino da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background.Libidibia ferrea(L. ferrea)is found throughout the northeastern region of Brazil, where it has been used in folk medicine with beneficial effects on many inflammatory disorders.Purpose. This study investigated the phytochemical composition of the crude extract and fractions ofL. ferreafruit and evaluated its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activitiesin vivoand effect on cell viabilityin vitro.Methods. Characterization of polyphenols present in crude extract (CE), hydroalcoholic fractions of 20-80% ethanol (CE20, CE40, CE60, and CE80), aqueous fraction (AqF), and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions ofL. ferreafruit was performed by chromatographic analysis.Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by using a carrageenan-induced peritonitis model submitted to a leukocyte migration assay and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) analysis. Total glutathione and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed to evaluate the oxidative stress level. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and hot plate test.In vitrocell viability was determined by using MTT assay in a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (3T3 cells).Results. Chromatography revealed the presence of ellagic acid content in EAF (3.06), CE (2.96), and CE40 (2.89). Gallic acid was found in EAF (12.03), CE 20 (4.43), and CE (3.99).L. ferreacrude extract and all fractions significantly reduced leukocyte migration and MPO activity (p<0.001).L. ferreaantioxidant effect was observed through high levels of total glutathione and reduction of MDA levels (p<0.001). Acetic acid-induced nociception was significantly inhibited after administration ofL. ferreacrude extract and all fractions (p<0.001). Crude extract and all fractions significantly increased the viability of the 3T3 cell line (p<0.05).Conclusions. The appropriate extraction procedure preserves the chemical components ofL. ferreafruit, such as gallic acid and ellargic acid. Crude extract and fractions ofL. ferreafruit exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinociceptive activitiesin vivoand enhanced cell viabilityin vitro.

scholarly journals Effect of heat treatment on cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cements: Cell viability analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Afonso Klein-Júnior ◽  
Roberto Zimmer ◽  
Guilherme Scotta Hentschke ◽  
Denise Cantarelli Machado ◽  
Rubem Beraldo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
3T3 Fibroblasts ◽  
Mixing Control ◽  
Nih 3T3

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study was to assess, in vitro, the influence on cytotoxicity of heat treatment applied before photopolymerization, while mixing three self-adhesive resin cements, in an NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell culture, based on cell viability measures. Methods: Samples were divided into three groups: (1) no heat treatment while mixing (control), (2) 37°C, and (3) 60°C heat treatment while mixing. Cements were light-cured immediately after mixing and immersed in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media for the extraction of possibly uncured products after 24 h and 7 days. Cultures contained 0.5 mL of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts per well at a concentration of 0.4 × 105 cells/mL and specific extracts for each sample. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and post hoc Student–Newman–Keuls (significance of 5%). Results: Cement cytotoxicity increased with time, as shown by the higher values observed at 7 days. There was a slight difference in intragroup cytotoxicity levels between 24 h and 7 days. Heat treatment at 60°C was associated with a major decrease in cytotoxicity levels in all three groups, both at 24 h and at 7 days, with no differences among the cements. Conclusions: Heat treatment at 60°C should be considered as a strategy to reduce cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cements, as evidenced by the results observed at 24 h and 7 days of analysis.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals and In-Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Aloe Vera Gel

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Md Nazim Uddin ◽  
Subrata Chandra Roy ◽  
Abdulla All Mamun ◽  
Kanika Mitra ◽  
Md Zahurul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

The phytochemicals (total phenolic, tannin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and saponin) contents in the Aloe vera gel derived from the leaf of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Synonym Aloe barbadensismiller) were extracted and their antioxidant capacity was studied by Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), by free radical-scavenging capability using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Three different solvents with three different polarities CH3OH, CH3OH: HCl, CH3CH3OH: H2O were used at v/v ratio of 100, 98:2, 70:30, respectively. The acidified methanol solvent extracted the highest amounts of phytochemicals including total phenolic (4.64 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), tannin (3.84 mg tannic acid equivalent/g), alkaloid (662 mg piperine equivalent/g), and saponin (353 mg diosgenin equivalents/g) compared to the other two solvents. Similarly, in the extract with acidified methanol solvent, high level of total antioxidant activity (about 12 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and scavenging effects expressed as 50% inhibition concentrations (IC50) for DPPH and ABTS assay were determined to be about 61 μg/mL and 371 μg/mL, respectively, which are higher than those with the other two solvents. The gel extract could be used as a potent antioxidant in medicine and food industries. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 1, 33-41, 2020

scholarly journals Lignins from Agroindustrial by-Products as Natural Ingredients for Cosmetics: Chemical Structure and In Vitro Sunscreen and Cytotoxic Activities

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oihana Gordobil ◽  
Paula Olaizola ◽  
Jesus M. Banales ◽  
Jalel Labidi
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Murine Fibroblast

The growing concern about the environmental impact and human health risk related to the excessive use of synthetic ingredients in cosmetics and topical formulations calls for the exploration of safe and sustainable natural alternatives. Lignin-rich lignocellulosic industrial wastes such as hazelnut and walnut shells were used as a lignin polymer source. Agro-derived lignins were evaluated as a potential natural active ingredient for health care products. Aside from the structural characteristics of isolated lignins, which were identified by GPC, Py-GC–MS, and 2D HSQC NMR techniques, functional properties such as antioxidant power and UV absorption ability were investigated. The SPF values found for creams containing 5% of hazelnut and walnut lignin content were 6.9 and 4.5, respectively. Additionally, both lignin types presented appropriate protection against UVA radiation, highly interesting property to block the full ultraviolet spectrum. The biological activity of isolated lignins assessed at different concentrations (0.01–1 mg/mL) and different times (24, 48, and 72 h) on murine fibroblast cell line 3T3 suggested their suitability for cosmetic applications.

Evaluation of Commercial Latex as a Positive Control for In Vitro Testing of Bioceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuelle Stellet Lourenço ◽  
Juliana Côrtes ◽  
Joyce Costa ◽  
Adriana Linhares ◽  
Gutemberg Alves
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Positive Controls

Several tests for the biological evaluation of bioceramic materials and medical devices are provided in specific international standards, where in vitro tests have a major role. Tests involving exposure of cells in culture require the use of validated positive controls, which, in the same preparation and treatment conditions, present a substantial and well-known cytotoxicity. The present work aimed to test and validate 3 different sources of low cost, commercially available latex, as positive controls in cytotoxicity tests for bioceramic materials performed by indirect exposure. The tested origins for latex samples were: surgical gloves without powder, 100% pure amber latex hospital-grade tourniquets and 60 % latex White tubing. MC3T3-E1 murine pre-osteoblasts in culture were exposed to conditioned media (extracts) of each material tested, along with sintered stoichiometric hydroxyapatite bioceramics, and polystyrene beads as negative control. Cell viability was determined by XTT and Crystal Violet Exclusion tests. Concentration curves of the extracts were performed to obtain the DC50. Only the 100% pure amber latex tubing was proven to be cytotoxic, with cell survival less than 5%. This material did not affected neighboring groups at the same experimental system. Moreover, latex samples showed great repeatability in different tests against latex and biomaterials, with consistent toxicity under 20% cell survival as shown in 3 different cell viability parameters. We conclude that fragments of latex ambar tubing are suited as effective positive controls in tests of medical bioceramic materials.

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