Study on Extraction Technology and Stability of Melanin from Banana Peel

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Li Jing Min ◽  
Jing Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Extraction Technology

[Objectiv The aim is to study the extraction technology of melanin from banana peel, and discuss its stability. [Metho We used banana peel as raw material, the absorbance at 410 nm as the index, extracted melanin by base-acid method, and optimized the extraction technology by the single factor and orthogonal test. Then we discussed the melanins stability at different temperature, light source, pH value, metal ions, antioxidant and reducing agents.[Result The best extraction conditions of melanin is that, hydrochloric acid soak time 5 h, alkaline solution pH value 14, extracting time 20 min, extraction temperature 70 °C, absorbance value about 0.309 A. Melanin from banana peel is stable at high temperature, different light source irradiation, reducing agent coexist; but at room temperature, metal ions and oxidizing agent coexist, it is unstable. [Conclusio This study provided experimental basis for the optimization and development of melanin from banana peel.

scholarly journals Study on Extraction Technology of Pitaya Polysaccharide

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02052
Author(s):  
Feng Xuehua ◽  
Song Zurong ◽  
Tao Ali ◽  
Gong Panpan
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Using pitaya as raw material, this paper used ethanol subsiding method to study the extraction technology of pitaya polysaccharide by single factor test and orthogonal test. Through orthogonal test, we have found the optimum extraction conditions of pitaya polysaccharide as follows: extraction temperature 60℃, solid-liquid ratio 1:30, extraction time 3h. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the yield of pitaya polysaccharide was 1.13%.

Adsorption of Hexavalent Chrome in Wastewater by Peanut Shell

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 3029-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Chao Yu Hu ◽  
Xu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Peanut Shells ◽  
Hexavalent Chrome

In order to investigate the adsorption of hexavalent chrome in wastewater by peanut shell, the orthogonal test was designed to find the best adsorption conditions such as pH value, temperature, adsorption time and adsorbent dosage etc. The results show that the peanut shell is a kind of economic and efficient absorbent; hexavalent chrome removal rate can reach more than 85%, when the hexavalent chrome wastewater concentration is 30mg/L, dosing 1g peanut shells into 50mg wastewater, adjusting pH value to 2.0, adsorbing 300min at room temperature.

scholarly journals Combined Removal Of NOx And SO2 From Flue Gas At Low Temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Xue ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Minmin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nox Removal ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Nox Removal Efficiency

A method was proposed to remove NOx and SO2 in flue gas by using the sulfinyl functional group as a catalyst. Ozone is introduced into the flue gas to oxidize NO. Soluble NO2 and SO2 reacted with ammonia to form ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, which were the raw material of the compound fertilizer. A small pilot is built in a container that can be easily transported to power plant and extracts the actual flue gas directly from the gas duct. In order to obtain the best the SO2 and NOX removal efficiency in this experiment, many parameters were changed. Such as flue gas flow, ozone / NOX ratio, liquid-gas ratio, flue gas temperature, catalyst type, catalyst concentration, solution pH value. Results indicated that SO2 was cleaned up quite efficiently and the removal efficiency was nearly 99% under all conditions. the best NOX removal efficiency can reach 88%. The NOX removal efficiency depended primarily on ozone / NOX ratio, and the temperature of flue gas also had influence on the NOX removal efficiency. The optimum pH range is 5.6-6.3. After inspection by authoritative institutions, the quality of fertilizers is superior to national standards.

scholarly journals Sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by low-cost magnetic eggshells-Fe3O4 powder

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Ren ◽  
Mokgadi Bopape ◽  
Katlego Setshedi ◽  
Jacob Kitinya ◽  
Maurice Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Media Interaction

This study explored the feasibility of using magnetic eggshell-Fe3O4 powder as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. The metal ionsadsorption media interaction was characterized using XRD and FTIR. The effects of contact time, initial concentrations, temperature, solution pH and reusability of the adsorption media were investigated. The metal ions adsorption was fast and the amount of metal ions adsorbed increased with an increase in temperature, suggesting an endothermic adsorption. The kinetic data showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The optimal adsorption pH value was around 5.5 at which condition the equilibrium capacity was 263.2 mg/g for Pb(II) and 250.0 for Cu(II). The adsorption equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The thermodynamics of Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption onto the magnetic eggshell-Fe3O4 powder indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous. The reusability study has proven that magnetic eggshell-Fe3O4 powder can be employed as a low-cost and easy to separate adsorbent.

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE SOLUBLE PROTEIN EXTRACTION FROM CULTURED SNAKEHEAD FISH (Channa striata) MUSCLE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Vo Hoang Ngan
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Optimum Extraction

This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting the soluble protein extraction from cultured snakehead fish muscle, a protein having bioavailability and nutritional value. The study investigated the ratio of fish muscle to water (from 1:1 to 1:5 w/v) and salt (NaCl) concentration (from 0.05 M to 0.25 M) that are suitable for extracting soluble protein effectively. Research has applied a response surface methodology using a central composite design to optimize the effect of temperature and time extraction on soluble protein extraction efficiency. In addition, the study investigated the effect of pH of salt solution (pH 2 to pH 12) on the efficiency of soluble protein extraction from cultured snakehead fish muscle. As a result, the use of 0.15 M NaCl solution with 1:2 ratio of fish muscle to water gave high soluble protein extraction efficiency. The optimum extraction temperature and time were determined as 34.8 °C and 15.2 min respectively, and the appropriate pH value was also determined as pH 10. At the optimum extraction conditions, soluble protein recovery calculated by the amount of soluble protein extraction dividing total protein of fish muscle was 14.39 ± 0.18 %.

scholarly journals Optimum Extraction, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides from Flowers of Dendrobium devonianum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghui Wang ◽  
Bei Fan ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Lijing Zhang ◽  
Fengzhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the conditions for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of polysaccharides from the flowers of Dendrobium devonianum. The optimal conditions for the maximum yields of DDFPs are as follows: an extraction temperature of 63.13°C, an extraction time of 53.10 min, and a water-to-raw material ratio of 22.11 mL/g. Furthermore, three fractions (DDFPs30, DDFPs50, and DDFPs70) were prepared from Dendrobium devonianum flowers polysaccharides (DDFPs) by the stepwise ethanol precipitation method. The DDFPs50 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to the other fractions. The molecular weight, polydispersity, and conformation of these fractions were also characterized. In particular, the monosaccharide composition analysis of the DDFPs indicates that mannose and glucose are the primary components, similar to those of the D. officinale plant. This study provides a rapid extraction technology and essential information for the production of DDFPs, which could be potentially used as healthcare food.

Research on the Stability and Content Detection of Anthocyanin of Black Peanuts Clothing

2015 ◽  
Vol 1090 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Yue Shao ◽  
Xiang Long Liu ◽  
Hong Shao ◽  
Yun Jiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Preservation Rate

The experiment determined the containment of anthocyanin from the black peanut skin and stability of the anthocyanin under different temperature, pH value, illumination conditions and different concentration of metal ions (including Cu2+, Mn2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+). The anthocyanin was extracted under the optimum technological condition: ratio of material to liquid 1:50, 60% ethanol as extractant, extraction temperature 60°C and time 80min. The black peanut skin contains 1.03% anthocyanin, of which the absorbance decreases when pH value lowers 5.0 but rises there after and the color turns to the trend of blue gradually. Also, the closer the pH value reaches to 7.0, the better preservation rate of anthocyanin it has. Apparently, the absorbance stays at the highest level when the concentration of Mn2+ or Mg2+ is 2.00mmol/L and it rises with the concentration of Fe3+ or Cu2+ increasing. No flocculation was found to the anthocyanin by Fe3+.

scholarly journals Observing Effects of Calcium/Magnesium Ions and pH Value on the Self-Assembly of Extracted Swine Tendon Collagen by Atomic Force Microscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Song ◽  
Zhiwei Wang ◽  
Shiyu Tao ◽  
Guixia Li ◽  
Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
The Self ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Collagen Concentration ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Self-assembly of extracted collagen from swine trotter tendon under different conditions was firstly observed using atomic force microscopy; then the effects of collagen concentration, pH value, and metal ions to the topography of the collagen assembly were analyzed with the height images and section analysis data. Collagen assembly under 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M CaCl2, and MgCl2 solutions in different pH values showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in the topographical properties including height, width, and roughness. With the concentration being increased, the width of collagen decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The width of collagen fibers was first increased significantly (P < 0.05) and then decreased with the increasing of pH. The collagen was assembled with network structure on the mica in solution with Ca2+ ions. However, it had shown uniformed fibrous structure with Mg2+ ions on the new cleaved mica sheet. In addition, the width of collagen fibrous was 31~58 nm in solution with Mg2+ but 21~50 nm in Ca2+ solution. The self-assembly collagen displayed various potential abilities to construct fibers or membrane on mica surfaces with Ca2+ ions and Mg2+ irons. Besides, the result of collagen self-assembly had shown more relations among solution pH value, metal ions, and collagen molecular concentration, which will provide useful information on the control of collagen self-assembly in tissue engineering and food packaging engineering.

Research on Fast-Growing Poplar Dyeing Technology Based on Material Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
De Jun Shen ◽  
Yan Fei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Test Optimization

By exploring the acid yellow G to buck dyes dyeing was carried out on the fast-growing Yang path of material。Through orthogonal test to determine the optimum technology of dyeing;Test results are as follows。Dyed with acid dyes, test optimization process is dye mass fraction is 0.3%, dyeing time for 4 days, penetrating agent mass fraction is 0.05%, the dye solution pH value of 5.2.。

scholarly journals Application of Fenton Method for the Removal of Organic Matter in Sewage Sludge at Room Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1518
Author(s):  
Yan-Jhang Chen ◽  
Tang-Yu Fan ◽  
Li-Pang Wang ◽  
Ta-Wui Cheng ◽  
Shiao-Shing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alternative Material

Cement is the most widely used construction material in the world. However, its manufacture is high energy consumption and high carbon emission owing to the high temperature calcination process. Geopolymer is an ideal alternative material for cement because it has a similar structure and performance to cement. In addition, it can be synthesized at room temperature and thus has the advantages of energy saving and carbon emission reduction. Sewage sludge (SS) can be used as raw material for geopolymer synthesis. However, the high organic matter content in SS lowers the mechanical strength of geopolymer. Although the organic matter in SS can be removed by incineration at high temperature, this consumes energy and emits carbon dioxide, which diminishes the advantages of geopolymer. In this study, the Fenton method was applied for the removal of organic matter in SS at room temperature. The parameters of the Fenton method, including the dosages of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Fe2+ reagent (FeSO4·7H2O), reaction time, and initial pH value, were investigated. The results indicated that 83.7% of the organic matter in SS could be removed at room temperature by using 5.15 M H2O2 and 5.15 mM FeSO4·7H2O at pH 7, which suggested the possibility of sewage sludge reclamation through geopolymer synthesis as an alternative material for cement toward sustainability.

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