Morphology and Mechanical Analysis of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Core Shell Impact Modifier Blends

2016 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
B. Adibah ◽  
Mat Taib Razaina
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Partially Miscible ◽  
Impact Modifier ◽  
The Impact

Polymer blend system of polylactic acid (PLA) and core shell as the impact modifier was studied. PLA was melt-blended with different amount of core shell impact modifier (0 to 30 wt.%). The PLA/core shell impact modifier was prepared by single screw extruder and injection molding machine into the required specimens. Morphological properties of the blends were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed that the addition of core shell impact modifier showed a coarser dispersed phase of voids. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests confirmed that PLA/core shell impact modifier blends were partially miscible.

Effect of Graphite on Mechanical Thermal and Morphological Properties of Kenaf Recycle Polypropylene Wood Plastic Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Ros Azlinawati Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Syafiq Zulkifli ◽  
Nurul Ekmi Rabat
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Effective Distribution

The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of incorporating graphite filler on mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of wood recycled plastic composites (WrPC). WrPC was prepared using recycled polypropylene (rPP), kenaf core, maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) and graphite filler. The graphite content in WrPC is 3 phr. All materials were premixed manually and fed into a single screw extruder and compression molded to prepare mechanical test specimens. The effect of graphite on tensile properties, impact strength, glass transition temperature (Tg) and morphological properties of WrPC were studied. Tensile strength was increased from 6.81 MPa to 10.07 MPa due to stronger interfacial adhesion between graphite and kenaf/rPP. However, the tensile modulus decreased significantly with the incorporation of graphite. Impact strength of WrPC was increased from 2.48 kJ/m2 to 2.83 kJ/m2 due to the present of graphite that gave effective distribution of applied stress and increase resistance of crack propagation. DSC results indicated that Tg of graphite/WrPC is comparable to WPC at 163°C. The internal structure of WrPC showed the addition of graphite had filled the voids and lead to smooth morphology.

scholarly journals Effect of MWCNT on Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Polybutylene Terephthalate/Polycarbonate Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Rejisha ◽  
S. Soundararajan ◽  
N. Sivapatham ◽  
K. Palanivelu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluated the effect of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the properties of PBT/PC blends. The nanocomposites were obtained by melt blending MWCNT in the weight percentages 0.15, 0.3, and 0.45 wt% with PBT/PC blends in a high performance corotating twin screw extruder. Samples were characterized by tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Concentrations of PBT and PC are optimized as 80 : 20 based on mechanical properties. A small amount of MWCNT shows better increase in the thermal and mechanical properties of the blends of PBT/PC nanocomposite when compared to nanoclays or inorganic fillers. The ultimate tensile strength of the nanocomposites increased from 54 MPa to 85 MPa with addition of MWCNT up to 0.3% and then decreased.The tensile modulus values were increased to about 60% and the flexural modulus was more than about 80%. The impact strength was also improved with 20% PC to about 60% and with 0.15% MWCNT to about 50%. The HDT also improved from 127°C to 205°C. It can be seen from XRD result that the crystallinity of PBT is less affected by incorporating MWCNT. The crystallizing temperature was increased and the MWCNT may act as a strong nucleating agent.

scholarly journals Effect of Coupling Agent on Softwood Kraft Nanocellulose Fibril-Reinforced Polylactic Acid Biocomposite

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Usman Saeed ◽  
Sami Ullah Rathur ◽  
Hamad AlTuraif ◽  
Hisham Bamufleh
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Thermomechanical Characteristics ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The Impact

The nanocellulose fibril produced by using natural sources can be used in developing sustainable and green products. The useful features of nanocellulose fibril can include valuable physical properties, appropriate surface chemistry, low toxicity, and biocompatibility. The study presented shows the use of polylactic acid with five different percentages of nanocellulose fibril and the use of 3% maleic anhydride as a coupling agent. The maleic anhydride acts as coupling agent which improves the thermochemical and thermomechanical characteristics of the end product. The addition of 3% maleic anhydride as coupling agent with 10% nanocellulose fibril improved the impact strength up to 14.3%, elastic modulus up to 40.6%, and tensile strength up to 30.1%. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanical analysis result indicates that the inclusion of maleic anhydride improved the toughness by reducing the tan δ peak and increases the storage modulus. Finally, the scanning electron micrograph shows that the interfacial compatibility between nanocellulose fibril and polylactic acid matrix is improved with the addition of maleic anhydride.

Preliminary Study of Development of HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB Nanohybrid Biocomposite by Using Single Screw Extruder

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 715-720
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syafiq Jainal ◽  
Siti Norsyarahah Che Kamarludin ◽  
Suffiyana Akhbar ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

This work study the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact) of four different formulation of HDPE/EVA/MMT nanocomposite with present of 1.5 phr compatibilizer as a preliminary study before further development of HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB nanohybrid biocomposite. The ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) was varied from 0, 10, 20 and 30 wt%. Meanwhile the nanoclay montmorillonite (MMT) was varied from 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 phr. HDPE/EVA/MMT ternary blends were prepared by melt extrusion blending technique using a single screw extruder. The result found that in absent of nanoclay MMT, the tensile and flexural properties (strength and modulus) of HDPE/EVA/1.5 phr compatibilizer were decreased as EVA amount are increased. Meanwhile in absent of EVA gave the highest tensile and flexural strength which are 38.53 MPa and 35.02 MPa respectively. However the trend is reciprocal for impact strength. The Izod impact test found that 30 wt% EVA give the highest impact strength which is 103.88 J/m , followed by 20 wt% EVA, 10wt % EVA and 0 wt% EVA which are 59.91 J/m, 38.11 J/m and 30.63 J/m respectively. This is because EVA plays a role as impact modifier. Meanwhile incorporation of nanoclay MMT improved the tensile and flexural properties but reducing the impact properties.

Study on Mechanical Property of Polylactic Acid Toughened by Polyacrylate Microsphere

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Song ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yu Zhi Xu ◽  
Chun Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Emulsion Copolymerization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Toughening Agent

Polyacrylate microsphere with different core/shell ratio (mass ratio) were prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion copolymerization using butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as main monomers，which were used to toughen polylactic acid (PLA) after drying. The effect of core/shell ratio of polyacrylate toughening agent (ACR) on mechanical properties of PLA was studied. The results showed that when adding 8wt%ACR, the impact strength and elongation at break of PLA were both first increased and then decreased as increasing of core/shell ratio, while the tensile strength loss of PLA was little changed. It is found that the impact strength was increased about 24% than that of neat PLA as well as the elongation at break was increased from 2% to 12% when the ratio was 7/3, which was the best ratio.

scholarly journals Effect of Polymer Blends on the Properties of Foamed Wood-Polymer Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwei Wang ◽  
Ping Xue ◽  
Mingyin Jia ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Run Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Great Decrease ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
The Impact

The polypropylene (PP)/wood flour (WF) composites were prepared using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder followed by a single-screw extruder foaming system in this paper. Polymers, such as polyolefin elastomer (POE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or microcrystalline wax, were blended with PP in the preparation of composites to improve the melt strength. And a cavity transfer mixer was introduced to increase the distribution uniformity of components in composites. Meanwhile, the effect of the polymer blends on the microstructure and mechanical properties of samples was investigated. The experimental results show that the addition of POE and HDPE resulted in the second melting peak in the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves and a great decrease in the cell size was caused by the added POE. However, due to the velocity difference of composites in the die, the shape of bubbles gradually became irregular. Moreover, the impact strength of samples significantly increased by 85% for the added POE and the apparent density decreased by 6.7%. And the minimum Vicat softening temperature of 133.7 °C was obtained when the mass ratio of HDPE to PP was 4/6.

scholarly journals PP-CBW/m-LLDPE/micro-CaCO3 composite films manufactured from bumper waste by blown film extrusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Zgheib ◽  
Sylvain Seif ◽  
Nemr El Hajj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Blown Film ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Mulch Films ◽  
Blown Film Extrusion ◽  
The Impact

The synthesis of polypropylene-based car bumper waste (PP-CBW)/metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (m-LLDPE)/micro-CaCO3 composite films for agriculture mulch films applications has been thoroughly investigated during this study. The chemical composition of these wastes was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Three blends of various compositions were prepared using a twin-screw extruder, the pellets were then blown into films using a single screw extruder. The mechanical properties of the films were then studied and compared with the EN 13655, 2002 standards for agriculture mulch films applications. The results indicated that the use of an anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAH-g-PP) as compatibilizer improves the adherence at the interface between the polar acrylic paints present in the car bumper waste and the polymer matrix. Also, the presence of stearic acid surface treated micro-CaCO3 improves considerably the mechanical properties of the composite when the amount of PP-CBW is less than 13 wt%. Using higher amount of PP-CBW improves the tear resistance properties in TD and MD but fails to increase the impact strength and the tensile properties in MD and TD.

Influence of Natural Rubber/Poly (3-Trimethoxysilyl Propyl Methacrylate) Core-Shell Compatibilizer on Dynamic, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of PMMA/ENR Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparat Nooma ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Propyl Methacrylate ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
The Impact

In this work, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is used to improve the impact strength of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The natural rubber with poly (3-trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate) core-shell (adNR), prepared by admicellar polymerization, is used as the compatibilizer for PMMA/ENR blends which were prepared through melt mixing in a twin screw extruder. The effects of ENR and adNR contents on impact property were investigated by pendulum impact tester. The impact strength increased with ENR and adNR contents. The morphology on the fracture surfaces were demonstrated by using field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM), which showed the compatibility between ENR, adNR and PMMA. Furthermore, the effects of ENR and adNR contents on dynamic and mechanical properties were examined by dynamic mechanical analyzer and universal testing machine, respectively. The results illustrated that the incorporation of the adNR affected the dynamic and mechanical properties of the blends.

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