Perceptions of Wellness and Burnout Among Certified Athletic Trainers: Sex Differences

Context: Athletic trainers are exposed to various stressors, increasing the potential for burnout and decreasing perceived wellness. Burnout and decreased perceived wellness can result from many factors: years of experience, hours per week worked, or decreased levels of physical activity. Another factor that accounts for a portion of the variance is sex differences. Objective: To determine the differences in burnout, physical activity, and perceived wellness scores relating to sex in District 9 of the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Web-based questionnaire. Patients or Other Participants: Athletic trainers who were included in the e-mail directory of NATA District 9 (men = 232, women = 158). Intervention(s): A 19-item questionnaire for burnout, a 36-item questionnaire for perceived wellness, and a 16-item activity questionnaire for physical activity and demographics. Main Outcome Measure(s): The variables included demographics (hours per week worked, years of experience, sex), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI; scores range from 0–100, and higher scores represent a higher level of burnout), Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS; scores range from 1–36, and scores close to 29 are considered healthy), and Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ; scores range from 1–15, and higher scores represent more physical activity). Results: Of the 1560 members contacted, 390 responded (response rate = 25%), and 59.5% (n = 232) were male. The mean scores were 38.73 ± 16.9 for men and 46.2 ± 17.1 for women for the CBI, 16.68 ± 2.76 for men and 16.41 ± 2.81 for women for the PWS, and 8.42 ± 1.32 for men and 8.77 ± 1.36 for women for the BPAQ. Men and women worked an average of 55.60 ± 26.03 and 47.86 ± 20.57 hours per week, respectively, and had a mean experience of 14.79 ± 9.86 and 8.92 ± 6.51 years, respectively. Women reported a higher level of burnout (t388 = −4.255, P = .001) and greater levels of physical activity (t388 = −2.52, P = .01) than men. Men reported working more hours (t388 = 3.131, P = .002) and having more years of experience (t388 = 6.568, P = .001) than women. Perceived wellness was not different between sexes (t388 = 0.958, P = .34). Conclusions: Our results suggest that women experienced moderate to high burnout and men experienced moderate burnout. Interestingly, men reported lower levels of burnout but worked more hours than women. Future researchers should focus on why women experience higher levels of burnout but work fewer hours. These findings may lead to educational interventions that might reduce burnout and increase professional longevity and quality of work.

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College Athletic Trainers’ Perceptions of Rest and Physical Activity When Managing Athletes With a Sport-Related Concussion

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2019-0084 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Kyle M. Petit ◽

Tracey Covassin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Management Approach ◽

Clinical Practices ◽

Light Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Athletic Trainers Association ◽

Research Recommendations

Context: Cognitive and physical rest are commonly utilized when managing a sport-related concussion (SRC); however, emerging research now suggests that excessive rest may negatively impact recovery. Despite current research recommendations, athletic trainers (ATs) may be behind in implementing this emerging research into clinical practice. Objective: To assess college ATs’ perceptions and implementation of an emerging SRC management approach (cognitive and physical rest and activity). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Survey. Participants: A total of 122 (11.8%) ATs (53.3% female; 10.8 [9.8] y experience; 8.7 [6.9] SRCs managed annually) responded to the survey, which was randomly distributed to 1000 members of the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, as well as 31 additional ATs from varying universities. Main Outcome Measures: A 5-point Likert scale assessed the ATs’ perceptions and clinical practices as they relate to specific athlete behaviors (ie, texting, sleeping). The ATs were asked about their willingness to incorporate physical activity into clinical practice. Results: Playing video games (95.9%) and practicing (93.4%) were the activities most perceived to extend SRC recovery. However, sleeping more than usual (7.4%) and increased time in a dark environment (11.5%) were viewed as less likely to extend recovery. ATs restricted practicing (98.4%) and working out (91.8%) for athletes with SRC, while sleeping more than usual (6.6%) and increased time in a dark environment (13.1%) were less restricted. About 71% of the ATs would implement light physical activity for athletes with a symptom score of 1 to 5, 31% with scores of 6 to 10, and 15% with scores of 11 to 20. About 43%, 74%, and 97% believe that light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity, while symptomatic, will extend recovery, respectively. Conclusions: The ATs were receptive to including light physical activity into their SRC management, although only in certain situations. However, most ATs’ beliefs and clinical practices did not completely align with emerging research recommendations for the management of SRCs.

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Association between Physical Activity and Comorbidities in Spanish People with Asthma-COPD Overlap

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7580

Author(s):

Sheila Sánchez Castillo ◽

Lee Smith ◽

Arturo Díaz Suárez ◽

Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Short Form ◽

National Health Survey ◽

Lumbar Pain ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Adjusted Model ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are important conditions which often coexist. Higher rates of comorbidities among people with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) may complicate clinical management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of 30 different comorbidities and to analyze associations between these comorbidities and physical activity (PA) in Spanish people with ACO. Cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. A total of 198 Spanish people with ACO aged 15–69 years (60.6% women) were included in this study. PA was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. Diagnosis of chronic conditions were self-reported. Associations between PA and comorbidities were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. The most prevalent comorbidities were chronic allergy (58.1%), chronic lumbar pain (42.4%), chronic cervical pain (38.4%), hypertension (33.3%) and arthrosis (31.8%). A PA level lower than 600 MET·min/week was significantly associated with urinary incontinence (OR = 3.499, 95% CI = 1.369–8.944) and osteoporosis (OR = 3.056, 95% CI = 1.094–8.538) in the final adjusted model. Therefore, the potential influence of PA on reducing the risk of these conditions among people with ACO should be considered, not only because of the health benefits, but also because PA can contribute to a more sustainable world.

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The Role of Physical Activity and School Physical Education in Enhancing School Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041689 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1689

Author(s):

José E. Moral-Garcia ◽

Alfredo Jiménez ◽

Antonio S. Cabaco ◽

Alfredo Jiménez-Eguizabal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

School Satisfaction ◽

School Life ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Habits ◽

Activity Questionnaire

The aim of this study was to understand the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction, according to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) level. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out on 2823 adolescents (1396 boys and 1427 girls), aged between 12 and 16. A specific questionnaire to measure life satisfaction (Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS)), a questionnaire to measure satisfaction with school (“Life circumstances of Young people: School”), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to analyze PA practice. Gender, age, and BMI were used as control variables. In general, the main results showed that school satisfaction had a clear role in life satisfaction. Similarly, the findings allowed us to conclude that the role of school satisfaction on life satisfaction was more evident in male school children, those who were older, or those who have a higher BMI. The regular practice of PA enhanced school satisfaction and its role on life satisfaction. Therefore, it is very important to assess the importance of school satisfaction as a determinant of quality of life and the adoption of healthy habits, recognizing the fundamental role of teachers in this regard.

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Return to Learn After Sport-Related Concussion: A Survey of Secondary School and Collegiate Athletic Trainers

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-234-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 990-1003 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chelsea L. Williamson ◽

Grant E. Norte ◽

Donna K. Broshek ◽

Joseph M. Hart ◽

Jacob E. Resch

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Online Survey ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

Management Policy ◽

Annual Number ◽

Clinical Practices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Return To Learn ◽

National Athletic Trainers Association

Context Recent recommendations have emphasized return-to-learn (RTL) protocols to aid athletes in recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) but have been based primarily on anecdotal evidence. Objective To investigate the RTL practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) after an SRC. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Online survey. Patients or Other Participants A total of 1083 individuals (27%) from a random sample of 4000 ATs in the National Athletic Trainers' Association membership database completed an electronic survey. Participants consisted of 729 self-identified secondary school ATs (SSATs; 67.3%; experience = 14.0 ± 9.7 years) and 354 self-identified collegiate ATs (CATs; 32.7%; experience = 13.4 ± 9.7 years). Main Outcome Measure(s) We used χ2 analyses to assess respondent differences related to current knowledge, current practices, and available resources. Independent t tests were used to compare SSATs and CATs on years of certification and annual number of SRCs evaluated. Results Of our total respondents, 41.2% (n = 446) correctly indicated the absence of evidence-based RTL guidelines. Whereas most (73.9%, n = 800) respondents had an established RTL policy, only 38.1% (n = 413) used such guidelines in their clinical practice. Most (97.1%, n = 708) SSATs and 82.2% (n = 291) of CATs had access to (a) mental health professional(s); however, minorities of SSATs (21.4%, n = 156) and CATs (37.0%, n = 131) never accessed these resources to care for concussed student-athletes. Conclusions Our results suggested that, despite the absence of empirical evidence, most surveyed ATs incorporated some form of RTL protocol in their SRC management policy. The varying AT knowledge, clinical practices, and resources highlighted by our results should be considered when creating or refining an RTL protocol.

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TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN DAN SURVEI LEVEL AKTIVITAS FISIK, STATUS KECUKUPAN ENERGI DAN STATUS ANTROPOMETRIK MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN KEPELATIHAN OLAHRAGA FIK UNY

MEDIKORA ◽

10.21831/medikora.v11i2.2816 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Prijo Sudibjo ◽

Novita Intan Arovah ◽

Rachmah Laksmi Ambardini

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Status Level ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan dipersiapkan menjadi pelatih yang kompeten. Salah satu kompetensi yang diperlukan oleh pelatih adalah pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam pengukuran tingkat aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi dan status antropometrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami pengukuran level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi cross sectional pada 30 mahasiswa Program Stusi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY yang telah menempuh mata kuliah Anatomi. Pengukuran tingkat pemahaman dilaksanakan dengan metode tes. Level aktivitas fisik diukur dengan kuesioner IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), status kecukupan energi diukur dengan membagi antara asupan kalori dibagi dengan kebutuhan kalori, dan status antropometris dinilai dengan menggunakan rumus BMI (body mass index) dansomatotype berdasarkan Health Charter Manual. Data diolah secara deskriptif dan korelatif menggunakan analisis Korelasi Pearson untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat pemahaman dan status level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energy, dan status antropometrik dengan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada semua mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga FIK UNY mempunyai level aktivitas fisik yang baik (skor IPAQ rata-rata 7248,13 ± 2420,58 METS), dan status kecukupan energi yang baik pula (rata-rata kecukupan energi sebesar 96,62 ± 19,81%). Di sisi lain, status gizi pada 90 % mahasiswa menunjukkan kriteria yang normal. Uji Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang sangat kuat antara tingkat pemahaman level aktivitas fisik dan level aktivitas fisik (korelasi 0.902 dan p < 0,05), namun tidak terbukti adanya korelasi yang signifikan (p > 0,05) antara tingkat pemahaman dan status kecukupan energi dan status gizi yang secara berurutan didapatkan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,27 dan 0,048.Kata Kunci: level aktivitas fisik, status kecukupan energi, status antropometrik

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Relationship Between Sedentary Behavior and the Incidence of Constipation During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan (Journal of Nursing Science) ◽

10.21776/ub.jik.2021.009.02.10 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 219-228

Author(s):

Elvira Sari Dewi ◽

◽

Bella Cendie Asteria ◽

Yulian Wiji Utami

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Short Form ◽

Rank Test ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman Rank ◽

The Relationship ◽

Activity Questionnaire

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in a variety of sectors, including education. Changes in online learning methods during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase the risk of sedentary behavior in students. Sedentary behavior is one of the factors related to constipation. This study aims to determine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of constipation during the COVID-19 pandemic in students at Universitas Brawijaya. This research is correlation research with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling used total sampling with a sample of 87 students according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sedentary behavior was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the incidence of constipation was measured using the Constipation Scoring System (CSS). The correlation between sedentary behavior and the incidence of constipation was statistically analyzed using the Spearman Rank test with alpha=0.05. The results show that As many as 82.8% of students at Universitas Brawijaya have sedentary behavior and 17.2% are constipated. There was a correlation between sedentary behavior and the incidence of constipation (p=0.020; r=+0,249). In conclusion, there is a relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of constipation during the COVID-19 pandemic in students at Universitas Brawijaya.

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Kadar High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Berkaitan dengan Lingkar Pinggang pada Lansia

Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition ◽

10.21776/ub.ijhn.2021.008.01.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Deny Yudi Fitranti ◽

Bunga Syifarahmi ◽

Martha Ardiaria ◽

Nurmasari Widyastuti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vitamin D ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Proses penuaan mempengaruhi peningkatan distribusi lemak abdominal dengan indikator lingkar pinggang (LP) dan rasio lingkar pinggang panggul (RLPP). Penimbunan lemak abdominal menyebabkan disfungsi jaringan adiposa sehingga mempengaruhi biomarker proinflamasi yaitu kadar serum high-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan LP dan RLPP dengan kadar hs-CRP lansia wanita. Rancangan penelitian cross sectional pada 53 subjek dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Antropometri yang diukur adalah LP dan RLPP. Pengukuran kadar serum hs-CRP dianalisis dengan metode enyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Wawancara yang dilakukan yaitu data diri, asupan, aktivitas fisik, dan riwayat konsumsi obat. Data asupan diperoleh dengan metode food recall 3x24 jam. Aktivitas fisik diperoleh menggunakan International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Analisis data digunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase LP pada lansia wanita yang berisiko sebesar 90,6%, RLPP yang berisiko sebesar 98,1%, dan kadar hs-CRP tinggi sebesar 30,2%. Terdapat hubungan positif antara LP dengan kadar serum hs-CRP (r=0,417 ; p=0,002). Dalam penelitian ini RLPP, aktivitas fisik, asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak, serat, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D,vitamin E, dan selenium tidak berkorelasi dengan kadar hs-CRP. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah LP berkorelasi positif dengan kadar serum hs-CRP, namun RLPP tidak berkorelasi dengan kadar serum hs-CRP

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Exploring Athletic Trainers' Self-Confidence for Interpreting Results from Concussion Assessments

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acz026.26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 756-756

Author(s):

N R D’Amico ◽

T Covassin ◽

N Murray ◽

P Schatz ◽

R J Elbin

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Management Practices ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

Team Approach ◽

Neurocognitive Testing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Certified Athletic Trainers ◽

Concussion Management ◽

Self Confidence ◽

National Athletic Trainers Association

Abstract Purpose To explore athletic trainers' self-confidence for interpreting results from concussion assessments. Methods An online survey was administered via the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) membership listserv to a cross-sectional sample of 10,000 certified athletic trainers (ATCs) employed in high school and collegiate settings. The survey included: 1) ATC demographics (i.e., age, sex, years of experience); 2) ATC concussion management practices (i.e., previous concussion training, continuing education received on concussion, concussion assessments administered); and 3) a 4-point Likert scale (1=no confidence, 4=high confidence) assessing ATC self-confidence for interpreting results from concussion assessments. A total of 725 ATCs completed the survey yielding a response rate of 7.25%; 114 were excluded for missing data and 611 ATCs were included in final analyses. Sample demographics, ATC concussion management practices, and ATC self-confidence scores were examined with demographic statistics (i.e., means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages) for 16 commonly used concussion assessments. Results The sample of ATCs (mean age 38.97±14.89 years) was predominately female (59.2%) and reported an average of 10.08±7.58 years of clinical experience. Clinical examinations (63.2%) and symptom scales (61.4%) were among the most frequent assessments with high ATC self-confidence for interpretation. Vestibular/oculomotor measures (27.2%) and computerized neurocognitive testing (26.2%) were among the most frequent assessments with low ATC self-confidence for interpretation. Conclusion Low ATC self-confidence scores for interpreting results from vestibular/oculomotor measures and computerized neurocognitive testing highlight the importance of incorporating a multi-disciplinary team approach and including sport neuropsychologists for the proper management of concussion.

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Certified Athletic Trainers' Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Common Disinfectants

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-46.4.415 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 415-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Leamor Kahanov ◽

Elizabeth J. Gilmore ◽

Lindsey E. Eberman ◽

Jeffrey Roberts ◽

Tamar Semerjian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Infection Control ◽

Athletic Training ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Certified Athletic Trainers ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

National Athletic Trainers Association

Context: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are increasingly common in athletic settings. The MRSA knowledge and infection-control practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) and the cleanliness of the athletic training room are important factors in preventing MRSA infections. Objective: To assess knowledge of MRSA and the use of common disinfectants among ATs and to explore their infection-control practices. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High school and collegiate athletic training rooms. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 163 ATs from National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I, II, and III and high schools, representing all 10 National Athletic Trainers' Association districts. Main Outcome Measure(s): Frequencies, analyses of variance, and χ2 tests were used to assess current practices and opinions and relationships between factors. Results: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was perceived as a national problem by 92% of respondents; 57% perceived MRSA as a problem in their practice setting. Most respondents had treated general infections (88%), staphylococcal infections (75%), and MRSA infections (57%). Male sex was associated with treating all 3 types of infections (χ2 test, P < .05). Noncurriculum education was associated with a lack of recognition of environmental issues as risk factors and with the use of isopropyl alcohol for disinfection (χ2 test, P < .05). For example, 10% of respondents did not recognize that contaminated whirlpools can be a source of MRSA infection. Respondents also incorrectly identified effective cleaning solutions. Thirty percent of respondents cleaned their hands frequently or sometimes before treating each athlete and 35% cleaned their hands sometimes, occasionally, or never after seeing each athlete. Conclusions: The majority of ATs were informed about MRSA and made correct disinfection choices. However, improvements are still needed, and not all ATs were using proper disinfection practices.

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Asupan mikronutrien sebagai faktor risiko kejadian sindrom pramenstruasi pada wanita vegetarian

JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jgi.6.2.94-101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 94-101

Author(s):

Maria Dolorosa Sus Renata ◽

Nurmasari Widyastuti ◽

Choirun Nissa

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Stress Level ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Vitamin B6 ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Background : Inadequate of vitamin B6, magnesium, zinc, and calcium intake and a lower body mass index can lead to Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in vegetarian woman. The objective of this study was to determine the association between micronutrients intake, nutritional status and PMS among vegetarian women.Objectives : The objective of this study was to determine the association between micronutrients intake, nutritional status and PMS among vegetarian women.Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted to 44 vegetarians women.Subjects of this study were collected consecutively. Dietary intake were measured by Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ). Score of PMS were measured by Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (sPAF).Physical activity were measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Score of stress level were measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (PSS-10). Data were analyzed by Chi Square test and ratio prevalence to determine the risk factor.Results : There were 54.55% of subject have a moderate PMS level. There were a correlation between vitamin B6 and PMS (p=0.019;RP=2.96;95%CI=0.9-10), magnesium and PMS (p=0.033;RP=3.8;95%CI=0.6-23), zinc and PMS (p=0.002;RP=6.17;95%CI=0.9-39), physical activity and PMS (p=0.033;RP=3.79;95%CI=0.6-23), stress level and PMS(p=0.045;RP=0.39;95%CI=0.1-1.3). There were no correlation between calcium intake and PMS (p=0.211;RP=1.816;95%;CI=0.569-5.794), BMI and PMS (p=0.355;RP=0.753;95 %; CI=1.443).Conclusion : Intake of vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc, physical activity and stress level were correlated to PMS. Calcium intake and BMI were not correlated to PMS.

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