The unique fatty acid and antioxidant composition of ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris) fiddleheads

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Delong ◽  
D. Mark Hodges ◽  
Robert Prange ◽  
Charles Forney ◽  
Peter Toivenon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Freeze Dried

DeLong, J. M., Hodges, D. M., Prange, R. K., Forney, C. F., Toivenon, P. M. A., Bishop, M. C., Elliot, M. L. and Jordan, M. A. 2011. The unique fatty acid and antioxidant composition of ostrich fern ( Matteuccia struthiopteris ) fiddleheads. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 919–930. The purpose of this study was to investigate the health-promoting composition of ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris) fiddlehead tissue by focussing on its fatty acid and antioxidant content and antioxidant activity. The curled crosiers (fiddleheads) were harvested following emergence and before 10 cm growth from eight or nine sites in eastern Canada during 2008 and 2009. The crosiers were then refrigerated or kept on ice until cleaned, subsequently frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then stored at −85°C. All tissue samples (except those used for ascorbate analysis) were freeze-dried, ground in a ball mill and stored at −80°C until analyzed. The current study showed that fiddlehead tissue had an unusual fatty acid composition including γ-linolenic, dihomo-γ-linolenic, arachidonic and eicosapentanoeic acids. The concentration of the antioxidant compounds ascorbic acid [3.0 µmol g−1 dry weight (DW)], α- and γ-tocopherol (314 and 80.8 µg g−1 DW, respectively) and α- and β-carotene (43.8 and 122 µg g−1 DW, respectively) and the xanthophyll pigments violaxanthin (225 µg g−1 DW), zeaxanthin (127 µg g−1 DW) and lutein (238 µg g−1 DW), ranged from high to very high for green plant tissue. The phenolic compound content (51.6 mg gallic acid equiv. g−1 DW) was also high compared with other fruits and vegetables and was likely responsible for the elevated antioxidant activity (1529 µmol trolox equiv. g−1 DW; oxygen radical absorbing capacity assay) values recorded. Site differences were apparent for several of these measurements. Ostrich fern fiddlehead tissue appears to be a rich and unique source of antioxidant compounds, xanthophyll pigments and essential fatty acids.

scholarly journals Use of the copepod Oithona hebes as a bioencapsulator of essential fatty acids

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Vanacor Barroso ◽  
Breno Barroso Boos ◽  
Rosemar Antoniassi ◽  
Luiz Fernando Loureiro Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Chaetoceros Gracilis ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conical Tanks ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe advantages of using copepods in aquaculture include nutritional superiority, high digestibility and broad spectrum of sizes, with the possibility of bioencapsulation of nutrients, probiotics and medicines. This study aimed to compare the effects of feeding copepods with a microalgae diet and two commercial inert diets on the copepod culture performance and their fatty acid profile. Wild copepods were collected in the estuarine system of Piraquê-açu River, Aracruz, Espírito Santo, Brazil, with a conical net of 60 cm in diameter and 200 μm mesh with a blind cup end, towed through the subsurface layer at a speed of 1 knot for 5 minutes. Once collected, the material was sieved in order to select only Oithona hebes. The experiment was conducted in nine cylindrical-conical tanks with a 60 L capacity, salinity of 25.8 ± 1.3, temperature of 25.5 ± 0.5 ºC and weak aeration, stocked with a density of 1.5 copepod/mL. Treatments were made in triplicate and consisted of: Treatment 1 (Control) fed with microalgae Chaetoceros gracilis and Nannochloropsis oculata (1:1) with 50,000 cells.mL-1each; Treatment 2 with S.Parkle® INVE (1g.million-1); and Treatment 3 with freeze-dried spirulina (1g.million-1). The mean final population was compared by a Tukey test (p < 0.05). Results showed higher population growth for copepods treated with S.parkle, which was the only treatment that presented copepodites. S.parkle was a good source of total lipids (9.54 g.100g-1 dry weight), high availability of DHA, EPA and had a good DHA:EPA:ARA ratio of 12.4:3.4:1.0. Copepods that were fed S.parkle had the highest DHA levels and a DHA:EPA:ARA ratio of 15.4:2.2:1.0. This study showed that S.parkle is a good inert food for rearing the copepod O. hebes, demonstrating the ability of copepods to bioencapsulate nutrients, allowing their transfer in the food chain.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect of Thermoultrasound on the Antioxidant Compounds and Fatty Acid Profile from Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus spp) Juice

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jesús Manríquez-Torres ◽  
J. Antonio Sánchez-Franco ◽  
Esther Ramírez-Moreno ◽  
Nelly del S. Cruz-Cansino ◽  
J. Alberto Ariza-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Conservation Treatment ◽  
Rubus Fruticosus ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Oil Extract

Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus spp) is a fruit that has a significant antioxidant activity, due to its content in anthocyanins and antioxidant compounds. Emerging technologies are required as the thermoultrasound technique that ensures microbial reduction and release of compounds with antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the antioxidant content and fatty acid profile of blackberry juice when it is subjected to conservation treatment (pasteurization and thermoultrasound). The blackberry juice and the extracted oil of blackberry juice with n-hexane (control, pasteurized and thermoultrasonicated) were evaluated in antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile and antioxidant content. The thermoultrasound juice had the highest (p &lt; 0.05) amount of total phenols (1011 mg GAE/L), anthocyanins (118 mg Cy-3-GlE/L); antioxidant activity by ABTS (44 mg VCEAC/L) and DPPH (2665 &micro;mol TE/L) compared to the control and pasteurized samples, as well as, as well as, oil extract of obtained of the thermoultrasound juice presented high antioxidant activity (177.54 mg VCEAC/L to ABTS and 1802.60 &micro;mol TE/L to DPPH). The fatty acid composition of the oil extract showed the presence of myristic, linolenic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid, the fatty acid profile was similar in the different samples with the exception of stearic acid where this was higher in control sample. The thermoultrasound treatment can be an alternative to pasteurization treatments because keeps and releases antioxidant bioavailable compounds, preserving their fatty acids.

Total Phenolic Compounds of Fruit and Vegetable Powders in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Sirirat Panich
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dehydration Process ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Total Phenolic Compound

Fruits and vegetables pack with various antioxidant compounds which are known as an essential constituent for maintaining health. Unfortunately, the shelf life of fresh produces is short after harvesting. As a result, a dehydration process by converting freshly harvested parts into powders can be an alternative to extend the storage period. The powder delivers not only nutrients, flavor, color, and texture, but the dehydrated form is also easy for storage, transportation, and is used as an ingredient in healthy products. However, the loss of essential nutrients can besides occur during the dehydration process. In order to develop superfoods, choosing the type of fruits and vegetables which can maintain the highest both favor and nutritional is the most crucial consideration to gain the highest phytonutrients after the preservative process. This study was designed to explore and evaluate the potential of tropical Thai’s fruit and vegetable powders on antioxidant activity based on total phenolic compound (TPC) compared with the commercial superfoods outside the country. The TPC was assessed based on the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FCR), correlating with antioxidant capacities. Gallic acid equivalents (GAE) in milligrams per gram dry of the sample was expressed. The highest GAE of the imported product (from a total of nine samples) was found to be 11.32+0.09 mg whereas the highest level of the total polyphenols was found in Thai’s veggies (Teaw) and fruit (Emblica) at 152.16+11.10 and 134.82+2.27, respectively. These GAE values are higher than the GAE values of selected imported fruits and veggies, which are well known as superfood constituents.

scholarly journals The kinetics of nutrient incorporation into body tissues of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) females and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg quality

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moti Harel ◽  
Amos Tandler ◽  
George W. Kissil ◽  
Shalom W. Applebaum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Egg Composition

The interaction between essential dietary components and changes in tissue nutrient reserves, egg quality and egg composition, were studied from 60 d before and during the spawning of Sparus aurata broodstock. Fish were given isonitrogenous (550 g/kg dry weight) and isolipidic (100 g/kg dry weight) diets, based on protein and lipid extracts of squid meal. Diets differed in the levels of n−6 (10–30 mg/g dry weight) and n−3 (0–10 mg/g dry weight) essential fatty acids. The effects of these diets on biochemical and fatty acid composition of body tissues, and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg viability were measured. Dietary essential fatty acids were mostly incorporated into the liver, ovaries, digestive tract and associated adipose tissues. The lipid composition of these tissues reached an equilibrium with dietary lipid composition within 15 d of feeding on any given diet. Muscle and gill cartilage tissues did not show any significant changes in their biochemical and fatty acid composition, even after 60 d feeding. Egg viability decreased significantly within 10 d of feeding the broodstock with a diet deficient in n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n−3 HUFA). The levels of n−3 HUFA in both polar and neutral fractions of egg lipid were directly correlated with their levels in the broodstock diet. When the total amount of egg n−3 HUFA dropped below 17 mg/g dry weight, egg viability and larvae hatching rate decreased by 53% and 47 % respectively. These results suggest that the biochemical composition of organs involved in S. aurata reproduction are highly sensitive to the nutritional value of the diet, which affects egg and larval quality rapidly.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparative Study of the Nutritional Profile and Antioxidant Potential of New Quinoa Varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silvina Razzeto ◽  
María Angelina Uñates ◽  
José Elías Rojas Moreno ◽  
Romina Viviana Lucero López ◽  
Elba Graciela Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Β Carotene

Aims: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is an ancient crop known for its high nutritive potential. The goal of the present work is to study the nutritional composition, identify some antinutritional factors and antioxidant compounds, and evaluate their antioxidant activity in four advanced lines of quinoa seeds obtained in experimental plots. Methodology: For this purpose, proteins, total lipids, fiber, moisture, ash and carbohydrates, as well as fatty acid composition and mineral content, were determined in whole meal flours of these advanced lines. The presence of trypsin inhibitors, saponins, nitrates, oxalates and phytate was also evaluated, as well as total phenols and antioxidant activity. Results: These new quinoa varieties have good nutritional properties, with high protein content in comparison to cereals. In this work, the analysis of proximate and mineral profile of quinoa showed that this pseudocereal has a similar profile but significantly higher than rice, a traditional cereal. Quinoa is a rich source of magnesium, iron, manganese, copper and molybdenum, which are elements that are deficient in almost all gluten-free cereals. The tests performed on the evaluated antinutrient compounds resulted within the acceptable values for human consumption. The seed extract showed a total phenol content between 43.42 ± 1.35 and 25.82 ± 1.47 mg of gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry weight (P= .05). The antioxidant activities were estimated by DPPH, β carotene and nitric oxide scavenging activity. The results of the methanolic extract were, in average, 88.95 for %DPPH, 26.56 for %β carotene, and varied between 85.82 ± 8.32 to 22.20 ± 1.80 for %NO (P= .05). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the new quinoa lines obtained in the central-west region of Argentina, which present agronomic advantages, are safe for human consumption and beneficial due to the content of nutrients and bioactive compounds that exert protection against many diseases.

Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Grape Stalk Dried at Different Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. García-Pérez ◽  
J.A. Cárcel ◽  
J. Benedito ◽  
M. Blasco ◽  
A. Mulet
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Effective Antioxidant ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Antioxidant Concentration ◽  
Drying Conditions

Grape stalk constitutes a by-product of wineries with low economic value. The extraction of compounds with antioxidant capacity may be considered as an alternative to increasing its value. Prior to extraction there must be a drying process, which may affect not only the product structure but also the antioxidant activity of extracts. The aim of this work was to address the influence of grape stalk drying conditions on the subsequent extraction of antioxidant compounds. Prior to the extraction experiments, grape stalk was dried under different conditions: freeze dried and hot air dried at different temperatures (40, 70 and 100 °C). The extraction experiments were carried out at 60 °C using ethanol-water (80 % v/v) as solvent. Extracts were taken after 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 1380 min. Antioxidant concentration in the solvent was evaluated by measuring the total antioxidant activity using the FRAP method. Extraction kinetic was modelled from the evolution of antioxidant concentration in the solvent using a diffusion model. Extracts obtained from freeze dried samples presented the highest antioxidant concentration, almost double that from hot air dried samples. Among these, the highest antioxidant concentration was found for samples dried at 100 and 40 °C. The freeze dried samples also showed the highest kinetic parameters: effective antioxidant diffusivity and mass transfer coefficient.

Impact of temperature and growth phases on lipid composition and fatty acid profile of a thermophilic Bacillariophyta strain related to the genus Halamphora from north-eastern Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Nahla Bouzidi ◽  
Fatma Zili ◽  
Federico García-Maroto ◽  
Diego López Alonso ◽  
Hatem Ben Ouada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Temperature Levels

AbstractA thermo-tolerant diatom species has been isolated from Tunisian hot spring water (40°C). The isolated diatom has been molecularly identified and classified into the genus Halamphora. The growth kinetics, lipid content and distribution of fatty acids were assessed at 20 and 30°C temperature levels and constant irradiance in controlled batch cultures (11 days). Halamphora sp. showed better growth (μ = 0.53 day−1) and a higher lipid yield (25% of the dry weight) at a higher temperature (30°C). Under the two temperatures tested, the highest lipid and fatty acid contents were mainly reached during the stationary growth phase. The fatty acid profile showed a significant content of two essential fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6), reaching ~15% and ~21% of the total fatty acids, respectively, at 20°C and 30°C. The distribution of the different components of the fatty acids showed that EPA and AA were mainly located in the neutral lipid fraction in the stationary phase.

scholarly journals Callitriche cophocarpa — a new rich source of active phenolic compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Augustynowicz ◽  
Olga Długosz-Grochowska ◽  
Anna Kostecka-Gugała ◽  
Maria Leja ◽  
Michał Kruczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
L Band

AbstractThis study was focused on the analysis of the contents (by HPLC-DAD) and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds of aquatic higher plant Callitriche cophocarpa. The novelty of the work was: 1) the study of the species which is almost unknown in the context of investigations of bio-active compounds and, 2) the application of a unique L-band electron resonance spectroscopy (L-band EPR) to measure antioxidant activity of samples. The results were compared with those obtained for microalgae Chlorella and Spirulina which are widely distributed as the diet supplements. The obtained results are very promising with respect to the freeze-dried material of Callitriche, which revealed both high level of phenolic compounds (33 mg g−1 dry weight) and antioxidant activity (0.14 g of reduced DPPH· g−1 dry weight). An isoform of sinapic acid appeared to be the main fraction in this sample. The average content of the total phenolic compounds in Callitriche freeze-dried samples was ca. 43 or 25 times higher than in the case of the Chlorella or Spirulina samples, respectively. These samples showed also 16 times lower scavenging activity in relation to freeze-dried Callitriche material.

scholarly journals BIOAKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA EKSOPOLISAKARIDA DARI MIKROALGA Dunaliella sp.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Astika Winahyu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ftir Spectrum ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Quantitative Test ◽  
A Value ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spectrum Data

A study of antioxidant compounds in microalgae, Dunaliella sp. In Conway / Walne media. Microscope observation with magnification 400 times obtained diameter Dunaliella sp. Sebebsar 6.42 μm. Preliminary results of antioxidant activity using DPPH reagent showed Dunaliella sp. Excreting antioxidant compounds. The extract obtained by extracting antioxidant compounds exopolysaccharide compounds from the filtrate with the addition of 70% ethanol and then centrifuged and freeze-dried by the method of FTIR spectrum data dry. Unidentified exopolysaccharide compounds containing uptake helping O - H in the area of 3544.82 cm-1, C - H in area of 2828.59 cm-1, helping the C • O at 1624.24 cm-1 region, CH2 bending at 1419.44 cm-1 region, and helping C - O at 1151.88 cm-1 region. Furthermore, quantitative test results of antioxidant compounds that have a value of 4.279%. So it is concluded that the exopolisakarida compound from Dunaliella sp. Is a potential source of antioxidant compounds. Keywords : Antioxidant, exopolisaccharide, Dunaliella sp.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Inokulasi Glomus mosseae terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Artemisia cina Berg ex Poljakov

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Anissa Diti Kurniasari ◽  
Sri Kasmiyati ◽  
Desti Christian Cahyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Artemisia cina is a wild herbaceous plant that has secondary metabolites as a source of antioxidants. The addition of mycorrhizal species Glomus mosseae can increase the antioxidant activity of plants Artemisia cina. This study aims to determine the effect of mycorrhizal Glomus mosseae on the growth and content of antioxidant compounds in Artemisia cina. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD), with four levels of treatment, namely: media without G. mosseae (control), media with G. mosseae 5,10 and 15 g with 5 replications for each treatment. Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, 5th leaf length and width, wet and dry weight, root length, percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols were also observed. Antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. The results showed that the treatment Glomus mosseae with a dose of 15 g was significantly different from the control on plant growth parameters, number of leaves, root length, wet weight and dry weight of plants, and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in plants. Treatment of Glomus mosseae 15 g on the test results of antioxidant compounds also showed the highest content of chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids from the statistical test results found in the 15 g treatment, respectively, namely 6,405 g/ml; 0.766 g/ml; 70.9 g/ml; and 335 g/ml had a significant difference to the control treatment. While the results of the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method showed that the control treatment had the highest antioxidant activity with an ICvalue50 of 9,494 g/ml. The results showed that the mycorrhizal species of G. mosseae increased the growth and content of antioxidant compounds inplants A. cina.

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