Positive Effects of Acupuncture on Menstrual Irregularity and Infertility in a Patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahin AE Cayir Y
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Positive Effects

scholarly journals OR31-01 A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention with Longitudinal Follow up on Ovarian Dysmorphology, Hyperandrogenism, and Menstrual Irregularity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
Roger A Pierson ◽  
Laura E McBreairty ◽  
Philip D Chilibeck ◽  
Gordon A Zello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Matsuda Index

Abstract The recent International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) recommended healthy lifestyle interventions (dietary, exercise, behavioral modification, or combined) as the first-line therapy to mediate favorable metabolic outcomes in PCOS. However, the relationship between lifestyle modifications and reproductive health in PCOS is less clear. Specifically, a favorable dietary composition to facilitate reproductive changes in women with PCOS remains unknown. Further, the longitudinal impacts of lifestyle change programs in women with PCOS is poorly elucidated. We hypothesized that a low glycemic index pulse-based diet containing lentils, beans, split peas, and chickpeas would be more effective than the Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet at improving insulin sensitivity without an energy-restricted protocol and would improve reproductive health outcomes in women with PCOS after a 16-week intervention. Our objective was to compare the effects of a nutritionally balanced pulse-based diet with the TLC diet on ultrasonographic markers of ovarian morphology, hyperandrogenism, and menstrual irregularity. Women (n=30) randomized to the pulse-based and TLC (n=31) groups completed a 16-week intervention. All women participated in aerobic exercise (minimum 5 days/week; 45 minutes/day) and received health counseling (monthly) about PCOS and the benefits of lifestyle modification. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of the intervention on the reproductive outcomes by longitudinal follow-up of all participants. Follicle numbers per ovary (FNPO, 2-9 mm), ovarian volume (OV), free androgen index (FAI), intermenstrual intervals, and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] were evaluated at baseline, 16-week post-intervention, and 6- and 12-month post-intervention follow up visits. Follicle numbers per ovary (mean change ± SD, -10 ± 15), OV (-2.7 ± 4.8 mL), FAI (-3 ± 2), intermenstrual interval (-13 ± 47 days), and body mass index (BMI, -1.6 ± 4.2 kg/m2) decreased, and Matsuda index (1.1 ± 3.1) increased over time in both groups (All: P ≤ 0.01), without group-by-time interactions (All: P ≥ 0.27). Groups maintained reduced OV, FNPO, FAI, and menstrual cycles 6 months post-intervention, despite a propensity for weight regain as evidenced by increased BMI (1.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2; P < 0.01). Decreased FNPO, FAI, and HOMA-IR at 16-week tended to revert to baseline levels 12 months post-intervention in both groups (All: P ≤ 0.05). Both interventions improved ovarian dysmorphology, hyperandrogenism, and menstrual irregularity in women with PCOS. Our observations elucidate the importance of longitudinal surveillance for sustainable adherence to newly adopted healthy lifestyle behaviors and reproductive health in PCOS (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01288638).

scholarly journals Resveratrol Is Not as Effective as Physical Exercise for Improving Reproductive and Metabolic Functions in Rats with Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Benrick ◽  
Manuel Maliqueo ◽  
Sun Miao ◽  
Jesus A. Villanueva ◽  
Yi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Metabolic Functions

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with obesity and insulin resistance that often precedes the development of type-2 diabetes. Rats continuously exposed to dihydrotestosterone from prepuberty display typical reproductive and metabolic PCOS characteristics including anovulation, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance, and obesity. Our aim was to investigate if resveratrol improves reproductive and metabolic functions in PCOS rats. The effect was compared to exercise. Control and PCOS rats were treated with vehicle or resveratrol (400 mg · kg−1 · day−1) for 5-6 weeks. Another group of PCOS rats received vehicle treatment and exercised for 5-6 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. The glucose infusion rate was lower in the PCOS-vehicle group compared to control-vehicle rats (P<0.05). Exercise increased insulin sensitivity compared with PCOS-vehicle rats (P<0.05), but resveratrol did not. Resveratrol treatment and exercise resulted in smaller adipocytes, upregulated estrogen-related receptorαgene expression in subcutaneous fat, and improved estrus cyclicity in the previously acyclic PCOS rats. Although resveratrol had positive effects on adiposity and cyclicity in a similar manner to exercise, resveratrol does not seem to be a good candidate for treating insulin resistance associated with PCOS because no improvement in insulin sensitivity was observed in PCOS rats on normal chow.

scholarly journals Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition as a Potential New Therapeutic Target in Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. E1476-E1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojca Jensterle ◽  
Tomaz Kocjan ◽  
Andrej Janez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Pde4 Inhibitor ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Positive Effects

Context: Phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes, including members of PDE4, have been investigated in the regulation of endocrine and reproductive functions of ovaries. In addition, selective inhibition of PDE4 enzyme has recently been implicated in the regulation of metabolism with positive effects on glucose homeostasis and weight reduction. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast affects body weight and hormonal and metabolic status in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design/Participants/Main Outcome Measures: A 12-week prospective randomized open-label study was conducted with 36 obese women with PCOS diagnosed by the National Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria that had been pretreated with metformin (MET). They were randomized to MET 1000 mg twice a day or combined treatment (COM) with MET 1000 mg twice a day and roflumilast 500 μg every day. The primary outcome was change in anthropometric measures of obesity. Results: Thirty-one patients (aged 33.8 ± 7.4 y, twice a day 36.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2, mean ± SD) completed the study: 16 on MET and 15 on COM. Subjects treated with COM lost on average 4.2 ± 2.8 kg compared with a 0.9 ± 2.5 kg weight gain in the MET group (P = .025). Body mass index decreased for 1.6 ± 1.1 kg/m2 in COM arm compared with increase for 0.9 ± 2.4 kg/m2 in the MET arm (P = .046). Visceral adipose tissue area as assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry decreased from 136.7 ± 37.8 to 121.2 ± 36.2 cm2 in the COM arm compared with an increase from 155.3 ± 61.9 to 166.7 ± 67.2 cm2 in the MET arm (P = .02). From baseline to study end, both treatment interventions resulted in a significant reduction of androstenedione (P = .013), free T (P = .002), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance score (P = .027) and a significant increase in SHBG (P = .024), although the between-treatment differences of the changes have not been statistically significant yet. Conclusion: Roflumilast added to metformin reduced body weight in obese women with PCOS, primarily due to a loss of fat mass.

scholarly journals Dietary Modification for Reproductive Health in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Shang ◽  
Huifang Zhou ◽  
Ruohan He ◽  
Wentian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

ObjectiveDiet has been reported as the first-line management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the relationship between diet and fertility in PCOS is still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether diet could promote reproductive health in women with PCOS while providing evidence-based nutrition advice for clinical practice.MethodsSeven databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and some Chinese database, were searched up to January 31, 2021. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of diet in women with PCOS were included. Based on a preregistered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42019140454), the systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two reviewers made study selection, data extraction and bias assessment independently. Risk ratios and mean difference with 95% confidence intervals were assessed by a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity within comparisons was evaluated by Cochran’s Q test and quantified by the I-squared (I2) statistic.ResultsTwenty RCTs with 1113 participants were included. Results showed diet significantly related to improved fertility outcomes (increasing clinical pregnancy, ovulation and menstrual regularity rate; reducing miscarriage rate), reproductive endocrine [increasing sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG); decreasing Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), free androgen index (FAI), total testosterone (T)] and clinical hyperandrogenism (hirsutism assessed by Ferriman-Gallwey score) in PCOS. Specifically, subgroup analyses indicated low-carbohydrate diets were superior in optimizing reproductive outcomes and calorie restriction was critical in ameliorating hyperandrogenism. Additionally, the positive effects were associated with the treatment duration. The longer the duration, the greater the improvement was.ConclusionOverall, diet is an effective intervention for improving fertility health, thus professional and dynamic dietary advice should be offered to all PCOS patients, based on the changeable circumstances, personal needs and expectations of the individuals.

scholarly journals Effects of Soy Isoflavones, Resistant Starch and Antibiotics on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-Like Features in Letrozole-Treated Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Geethika S. G. Liyanage ◽  
Ryo Inoue ◽  
Mina Fujitani ◽  
Tomoko Ishijima ◽  
Taisei Shibutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Soy Isoflavone

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. Recently, various dietary interventions have been used extensively as a novel therapy against PCOS. In the present study, we show that soy isoflavone metabolites and resistant starch, together with gut microbiota modulations, were successful in decreasing the severity of PCOS-like reproductive features while increasing the expression of gut barrier markers and butyric acid in the gut. In the letrozole-induced PCOS model rats, the intake of both 0.05% soy isoflavones and 11% resistant starch, even with letrozole treatment, reduced the severity of menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries with a high concentration of soy isoflavones and equol in plasma. Antibiotic cocktail treatment suppressed soy isoflavone metabolism in the gut and showed no considerable effects on reducing the PCOS-like symptoms. The mRNA expression level of occludin significantly increased with soy isoflavone and resistant starch combined treatment. Bacterial genera such as Blautia, Dorea and Clostridium were positively correlated with menstrual irregularity under resistant starch intake. Moreover, the concentration of butyric acid was elevated by resistant starch intake. In conclusion, we propose that both dietary interventions and gut microbiota modulations could be effectively used in reducing the severity of PCOS reproductive features.

scholarly journals Effects of vitex agnes castus on hormonal imbalances in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2051
Author(s):  
Sugantha Saul
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance ◽  
Agnus Castus

Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women. Its incidence is assessed at 6-8% of the female population in the reproductive age. It is caused by an imbalance of the female sex hormones and higher levels of male hormones called androgens.Methods: In women with PCOS, the ovaries make more androgens than normal. High levels of these hormones affect the development and release of eggs during ovulation. Hence the hormonal imbalance were studied in three groups. In the present study ,8mg of estradiol valerate was used to induce PCOS in female albino rats. The levels of leutinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolaction were studied.Results: The phytochemical analysis of vitex agnus castus was carried out and the positive effects of vitex agnus castus on the hormonal irregularities of PCOS were also studied. The present findings indicated that vitex agnus castus was found to be rich in phytochemicals.Conclusions: The hormonal levels highly reflect the underlying hormonal imbalance in PCOS and the results obtained in the present study also proved that vitex agnus castus is more efficient in reversing the adverse effects of hormonal imbalance of PCOS.

scholarly journals 159. Polycystic ovary syndrome: are endocrinologists and gynecologists treating the same patients?

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
A. J. Cussons ◽  
B. G. A. Stuckey ◽  
J. P. Walsh ◽  
V. Burke ◽  
R. J. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Hypothetical Patient ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome commonly consult endocrinologists or gynaecologists. The diagnosis and management of this disorder are controversial, and it is not known if these specialty groups differ in their approach. Our objective was to compare the investigation, diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome by endocrinologists and gynaecologists. A questionnaire containing a hypothetical patient case history with varying presentations was sent to endocrinologists and gynaecologists in teaching hospitals and private practice. Evaluable responses were obtained from 138 endocrinologists and 172 gynaecologists. The two specialty groups differed markedly in their choice of essential diagnostic criteria. Endocrinologists regarded androgenisation (81%) and menstrual irregularity (70%) as essential for diagnosis, whereas gynaecologists cited polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (61%), androgenisation (59%), menstrual irregularity (47%) and elevated LH�:�FSH ratio (47%). (All P values <0.001.) Gynaecologists were more likely to request ovarian ultrasound (91% v. 44%, P�<�0.001) whereas endocrinologists were more likely to measure adrenal androgens (80% v. 58%, P�<�0.001) and fasting lipids (67% v. 34%, P�<�0.001). Gynaecologists were less likely to assess glucose homeostasis but were more likely to use a glucose tolerance test to do so. Diet and exercise were chosen by most respondents as first-line treatment for oligomenorrhoea, hirsutism, infertility and obesity. Endocrinologists were more likely to use insulin sensitisers, particularly metformin, for these indications. In particular, for infertility, endocrinologists favoured metformin treatment whereas gynaecologists recommended clomiphene. There is a lack of consensus between endocrinologists and gynaecologists in the definition, diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Women may receive different diagnostic advice and treatment depending on the type of specialist consulted.

scholarly journals Manifestations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome are Similar Regardless of the Degree of Menstrual Cycle Variation

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Begum Moriom Zamila ◽  
Hurjahan Banu ◽  
Md Shahed Morshed ◽  
Sukanti Shah ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menstrual Irregularity ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regular Cycle

Background: Menstrual irregularities may predict over adverse consequences in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Objective: To observe the relation of variants of menstrual cycles with clinical and biochemical features of PCOS.Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed 200 PCOS women diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria and 120 age-matched healthy controls. Subgroups were classified according to menstrual cycle length as: polymenorrheic (<21 days), eumenorrheic (21-35 days), oligomenorrheic (36 days-3 months) and amenorrheic (>3 months). Glucose was measured by glucose oxidase, lipid by glycerol phosphate dehydrogenenase-peroxidase and all hormones by chemiluminescent immuno-assay method.Results: Around 86% of PCOS patients had menstrual irregularity, among which 75% had oligomenorrhea followed by amenorrhea (9%) and polymenorrhea (2%). All the subgroups of PCOS patients (polymenorrhea excluded from further analyses) had significantly poor metabolic manifestations than the control namely insulin resistance (IR), impaired glycaemic status, general and central obesity, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidaemia. Acanthosis nigricans (AN), hyperandrogenemia (HA) and IR had significant predictive association with PCOS patients with both irregular [OR (95% CI)- AN: 21.994 (6.427, 75.267), p<0.001; HA: 27.735 (8.672, 88.704), p<0.001; IR: 7.268 (2.647, 19.954), p<0.001] and regular cycle [AN: 16.449 (3.830, 70.643), p<0.001; HA: 24.635 (6.349, 95.590), p<0.001; IR: 6.071 (1.658, 22.234), p=0.006] in reference to control group. None of the variables had significant predictive associations with irregular cycle in reference to regular cycle in patients with PCOS.Conclusion: Oligomenorrhea was the most common variant of menstrual irregularity in PCOS patients. All menstrual variants including eumenorrhea had similar manifestations in PCOS women, but poorer than controls.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 06 No. 01 January’22 Page: 96-103

scholarly journals Decrease in the level of nervonic acid and increased gamma linolenic acid in the plasma of women with polycystic ovary syndrome after a three-month low-glycaemic index and caloric reduction diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Szczuko ◽  
Arleta Drozd ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska ◽  
Marta Zapałowska-Chwyć ◽  
Ewa Stachowska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nervonic Acid ◽  
Gamma Linolenic Acid ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids ◽  
Positive Effects

AbstractThe aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains uncertain and thus dedicated studies are still of much importance. Patients in this group are at high risk for metabolic syndrome, diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Our goal was to use a dietary intervention, facilitating the regression of the disease, through the observation of lipid and hormonal profiles, carbohydrate metabolic parameters and metabolomics of plasma fatty acids. There were 39 Caucasian women with PCOS aged 26.76 ±5.08 that qualified for this study. Fatty acid profiles were investigated using gas chromatography. The results of plasma fatty acids were compared with the initial results and the control group. A three-month caloric reduction diet with low glycemic index (GI) reduces the level of nervonic acid and is a great alternative in PCOS therapy. The introduction of rapeseed oil and olive oil to the lowered GI reduction diet caused the increase in the ratio of average length chain fatty acids (C10:0, C14:0) and the enhancement of synthesis pathways for pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3n-6), but did not inhibit the synthesis of the derivatives of arachidic acid (C20:0). Additionally, a decrease in the level of nervonic acid (C24:1) was observed. Biochemical analysis of blood showed the improvement of plasma lipid fractions, but a significant reduction of androgen levels was not observed.A reduction diet with lowered GI lead to many positive effects in the improvement of the biochemical parameters of women with PCOS. It should be continued for a prolonged period of time, until the synthesis pathways for inflammatory factors are silenced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document