scholarly journals Zoonotic helminth parasites of dog in Bishoftu Town, central Ethiopia: prevalence, dog owners’ knowledge and control practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitiku Tadesse ◽  
Dinka Ayana ◽  
Bersisa Kumsa ◽  
Abebe Fromsa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Practice ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Combined Infection ◽  
And Control

Many dog helminth parasites are endemic in many countries of the world posing public health threat. However, they were neglected and less studied in the developing countries such as Ethiopia. This cross-sectional study carried out from November 2016 to April 2017 in Bishoftu town aims at estimating the prevalence of major gastrointestinal tract (GIT) zoonotic helminth parasites of dogs and assessing dog owner’s knowledge and control practice against zoonotic dog parasites. Accordingly, the whole area of Bishoftu town was divided into 60 blocks, of which 10 were randomly selected for the study. A structured questionnaire was prepared in English, pretested and administered face to face to 140 dog-owning respondents using two local languages: Amharic and Affan Oromo. Fecal samples collected from 238 dogs after administration of ivermectin and praziquantel at recommended doses to increase sensitivity of detection and to get favorable cooperation of owners. For case detection flotation technique is used for parasite egg identification and parasite morphology for parasites observed in the feces. Pearson’s Chi-square (χ2), p-values and 95% confidence intervals calculated to measure association. Four zoonotic helminthic parasites detected with combined infection prevalence of 59.24% (95% CI: 52.84-65.35). The prevalence of each was 33.61% (95% CI: 27.86 – 39.90) Ancylostoma (A.) caninum, 29.41% (95% CI: 23.93 – 35.56) Toxocara (T.) canis, 19.75% (95% CI: 15.14 – 25.34) Dipylidium (D.) caninum, and 2.10% (95% CI: 0.87 – 4.98) Echinococcus (E.) granulosus. The prevalence of A. caninum and T. canis was significantly higher than the prevalence of D. caninum and E. granulosus. Mixed infection with two parasites recorded in 13.87% whereas concurrent infection with three parasites registered in 5.88% of the dogs. Statistically significant association (p<0.05) was observed between overall infection prevalence and the sex of dogs, where infection prevalence of A. caninum (p<0.001) and T. canis (p<0.001) were significantly higher in male than in female dogs. The questionnaire survey revealed that only 40% of the respondents were aware of the transmission of zoonotic helminthes to humans while none know the route of transmission. Of all the respondents, 58.57% reported regular deworming of their dogs, at least twice per annum, whereas 47.86% of respondents clean and dispose dogs’ excrement with household garbage and 88.57% of dog owners remove dogs’ excrement without using glove, facemasks, boots and/or coverall/gown for personal protection In relative terms high prevalence of zoonotic helminth parasites infestation was observed in owned dog population with poor awareness about route of transmission. Thus, it is advisable to create awareness of dog owners in waste management and use of Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPE). Keywords: Ancylostoma; Bishoftu; Dipylidium; Echinococcus; Ethiopia; Toxocara

scholarly journals Rabies prevention and control practice and associated factors among dog owners in Aksum town and Laelay-Machew district, north Ethiopia: community based comparative cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letebrhan Gebrezgiher ◽  
Gebretsadik Berhe ◽  
Aregawi Gebreyesus Belay ◽  
Alefech Adisu
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Practice ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rabies Prevention

AbstractBackgroundRabies is nearly 100% fatal zoonotic disease. One thousand seven hundred suspected rabies exposures reported in north Ethiopia, Tigray region in 2017, which has the highest rabies prevalence from Ethiopia. Almost half of them were from Central zone only. Of these 38% were in Aksum town and Laelay-Machew. Though Rabies exposure is prevalent in Tigray, there is scanty information on rabies prevention and control practices among dog owners. Thus, this deals with rabies prevention and control practice and associated factors among dog owners.Methods and materialsComparative community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Aksum town and Laelay-Machew district from March 01 to 20, 2018. A multi stage sampling was employed to recruit 558 households. Data were collected via structured and pretested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi_info_7 and then exported to SPSS_20 for analysis. Both descriptive and inferential analysis was done with 95% confidence intervals at p value of 5% for the final model.ResultThe overall prevalence of poor rabies prevention and control practice was 56% [95%CI (50, 61.9)] in urban and 62% [95% CI (57.2, 67.7)] in rural dog owners. In urban; being government employee [AOR (95%CI) = 0.35 (0.13, 0.94)], private employee [AOR (95%CI) =0.39(0.16, 0.97)] and having poor attitude [(AOR (95%CI) =1.84 (1.04, 3.25)] were significantly associated with outcome variable. Whereas in rural dwellers; having no formal education [AOR (95%CI)=6.41(1.1,38.6)], poor attitude [AOR (95%CI)= 2.19 (1.18,4.05)], having one dog [AOR (95%CI)=3.31(1.34,8.15)], travel ≥30 minute to get vaccine [AOR (95%CI)= 4.26 (2.14,8.47]), no history of dog bite exposure [AOR (95%CI)= 4.16(1.49,11.6)] and neighbors as their source of information [AOR (95%CI) =3.64 (1.31,10.1)] have statistical significance with the outcome variable.Conclusion and RecommendationThe prevalence of poor rabies prevention and control practice was higher among rural dog owners. Thus; interventions should be implemented both to urban and rural residents based on the identified findings so as to promote effective rabies prevention and control activities.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Prevalensi Infeksi Helicobacter pylori antara Etnis Tionghoa dan Dayak dengan Sindrom Dispepsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Willy Brodus Uwan ◽  
Ari Fahrial Syam ◽  
C Rinaldi A. Lesmana ◽  
Cleopas Martin Rumende
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Native People ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Pendahuluan. Risiko infeksi Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) dikaitkan dengan banyak faktor yang terkait dengan pejamuagen-lingkungan. Etnis adalah salah satu faktor dari pejamu yang banyak diteliti di luar negeri. Prevalensi infeksi H. pylori didapatkan lebih tinggi pada etnis tertentu seperti misalnya di Cina. Berdasarkan teori migrasi dan teori transmisi, diduga infeksi H. pylori akan dibawa oleh penduduk yang bermigrasi dari daerah dengan prevalensi tinggi ke tempat tujuan migrasi. Etnis Tionghoa di Kalimantan Barat berasal dari daerah Cina Selatan dengan prevalensi infeksi H.pylori tinggi. Diperkirakan ada perbedaan angka prevalensi infeksi H. pylori pada etnis Tionghoa dibandingkan pada etnis asli Kalimantan Barat, yaitu etnis Dayak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan angka prevalensi, karakteristik epidemiologis dan gambaran hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi pada subjek etnis Tionghoa dan Dayak dengan sindrom dispepsia.Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang untuk mengetahui perbedaan angka prevalensi infeksi H.pylori. Penelitian dilakukan di RSU Santo Antonius Pontianak dari bulan Desember 2014 sampai Juni 2015 dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Angka prevalensi infeksi H. pylori disajikan dalam angka persentase, sedangkan perbedaan karakteristik epidemiologis dan perbedaan gambaran hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi pada etnis Tionghoa dan Dayak dianalisis dengan analisis bivariat menggunakan chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan (p)=0,05.Hasil. Dari 203 subjek yang diteliti, terdiri dari 102 subjek etnis Tionghoa dan 101 subjek etnis Dayak, didapatkan angkaprevalensi H. pylori sebesar 40,8%. Prevalensi pada etnis Tionghoa didapatkan lebih tinggi dibanding etnis Dayak,berturut-turut sebesar 48,0% dan 33,7%. Tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan karakteristik epidemiologis dan temuan hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok etnis.Simpulan. Terdapat perbedaan angka prevalensi infeksi H. pylori pada etnis Tionghoa (48,0%) dibanding etnis Dayak (33,7%). Namun, tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik epidemiologis dan gambaran hasil pemeriksaan endoskopi pada kedua kelompok etnis tersebut.Kata kunci: Dayak, etnis, Helicobacter pylori, sindrom dispepsia, Tionghoa The Difference in Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection between Chinese and Dayak Ethnics with Dyspepsia SyndromeIntroduction. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection risk is associated with many factors related to host-agent-environment. Ethnicity is one of the host factors which was the most studied factor overseas. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was found higher in certain ethnic such among Chinese. Based on migration and transmission theory, it was suspected that H. pylori infection was transmitted by people migrating from areas with a high prevalence of infection to the destination area. Chinese in West Borneo are originated from South China region where the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high. It is estimated that there are differences in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among Chinese compared to the native people of West Borneo, the Dayaknese. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study to determine the differences in the prevalence of H. pylori infection. The study was conducted at St. Antonius General Hospital Pontianak from December 2014 to June 2015 with consecutive samplingmethod. H. pylori infection prevalence is presented in percentage numbers, while the epidemiological characteristics and endoscopic finding differences among Chinese and Dayaknese were analyzed by bivariate analysis using the chi-square with significance value (p) = 0.05.Results. From a total of 203 subjects in this study, consisted of 102 Chinese subjects and 101 Dayaknese subjects, the prevalence of H. pylori infection was 40.8%. The prevalence among Chinese is higher than Dayaknese, which is 48.0% and 33.7%, respectively. There is no difference in the epidemiological characteristics and endoscopic findings in both ethnic groups.Conclusions. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among the Chinese (48.0%) is higher than among Dayaknese (33.7%). There is no difference in the epidemiological characteristics and endoscopic findings among both ethnic groups.Keywords: Chinese, Dayak, Dyspeptic syndrome, Ethnic, Helicobacter pylori

scholarly journals Sero-Surveillance of Brucellosis in Cattle of Chitwan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Sabita Subedi ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Bhojan Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Social Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

A cross sectional study was conducted in Eastern and Western parts of Chitwan district from November 2015 to April, 2016  in two parts, the social study followed by biological to determine and compare the prevalence, distribution of antibodies, and level of awareness of farmers  against Brucella abortus in cattle of the two regions of same district. Altogether blood samples of 92 cattle were taken for detection of Brucella antibodies by using RBPT test and the positive samples were further retested by Indirect ELISA test through ID Vet iELISA kit 2016. The samples which showed positive on both tests were confirmed as seropositive. Chi -square test and Fisher Exact test was used to find out the association between various variables. The result showed that 14.13% (13/92) and 10.86% (10/92) sample were positive by RBPT and iELISA test respectively. There was no significant prevalence differences (p>0.05) on location, age group, breed type, and method of service (artificial and natural) used in cattle. Comparing abortion with prevalence of Brucellosis, there was significant differences (p<0.05) in the result of both RBPT and iELISA test. Inferring from this result, there is association between the abortion and occurrence of Brucellosis. The higher significant prevalence differences (p<0.01) was according to the time of abortion where higher seropositivity was obtained in the cattle aborted on 5-7th month of pregnancy and cattle of 3rd parity. The study showed the existence of Brucellosis in Chitwan district with no adoption of any preventive measures against this disease, so here is current need of the strategies for its prevention and control in order to mitigate such overwhelming situation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 365-371

scholarly journals Relationship between Periodontitis and Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soo Hwan Byun ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
Minwook Chang ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Seok Jin Hong
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and glaucoma. This prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study performed between 2004 and 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 9572 patients with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (nonperiodontitis) were selected. We analysed the history of glaucoma in periodontitis and control participants. The participants were interviewed regarding their history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, periodontitis, glaucoma, smoking, and alcohol consumption by trained interviewers. A logistic regression model was created to analyse the odds ratio of having a history of glaucoma among patients with periodontitis. Two-tailed analyses using chi-square and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. The adjusted odds ratio of periodontitis as a risk factor for glaucoma was 3.44 (95% confidence interval = 2.99–3.97, p < 0.001 ). This study demonstrated that glaucoma was associated with periodontitis.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practices associated with rabies in villages with different dog vaccination statuses in Cambodia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2178-2186
Author(s):  
Bunsong Ung ◽  
Ketsarin Kamyingkird ◽  
Waraphon Phimpraphai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Background and Aim: Rabies is a highly infectious but neglected zoonotic disease. Almost 99% of rabies-related human deaths are caused by dog-mediated rabies. Although canine rabies vaccination is highly effective and provides protection, nationwide rabies vaccination campaigns have been insufficient in Cambodia, resulting in a limited number of rabies vaccinated dogs. This study aimed to explore the rabies knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among participants from both dog rabies vaccinated (DRV) and dog rabies unvaccinated (DRUV) villages located in the Kandal and Prey Veng Provinces, Cambodia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with dog owners in Kandal and Prey Veng Provinces, Cambodia, during August and September 2020. The structural questionnaire collected general sociodemographic information and the KAP associated with rabies transmission, clinical signs, management, and control. The data were then analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-square statistics. Results: In total, 312 participants were interviewed: 137 participants from DRV villages and 175 from DRUV villages. Among them, 99.4% (310/312) had previously heard about rabies. Out of these 310, 93.5% (290/310) were aware that rabies is a fatal disease, while 96.5% (299/310) were willing to vaccinate their dog against rabies if the vaccination was provided for free. However, 32.9% (102/310) indicated that they would be willing to sell their own dog if it bit someone or showed aggression. More than one-third (115/310) of all the respondents had poor overall KAP regarding rabies. The respondents from DRV villages had significantly higher overall scores with regard to rabies KAP than those from DRUV villages (p<0.0001). According to the factors related to overall KAP, village type and education level were significantly associated with overall KAP of the respondents (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The rabies disease is recognized in Cambodia, and dog owners are willing to vaccinate their dogs if the vaccination is provided for free. The overall rabies-related KAP were poor among 30% of the respondents, and higher KAP scores were obtained for the DRV villages. The village type and education level were found to be associated with the different overall KAP of the participants.

scholarly journals Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness and Control Levels among Ghawarna: An African-Descendant Ethnic Minority in the Jordan Valley

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid A. Kheirallah, PhD ◽  
Mohammed Liswi, MD ◽  
Rami Alazab, MD ◽  
Zeyad Bataineh, MD ◽  
Sukaina Alzyoud, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Treatment and control of hy­pertension (HTN) is a challenging issue as undiagnosed HTN prevalence seems to be high among certain ethnic groups, such as African-descendant populations. The current study attempted to measure HTN preva­lence, awareness and control levels among Ghawarna, an African-descendant ethnic group living in the Jordan Valley (Al-Ghawr).</p><p><strong>Design, Setting and Participants: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in a com­munity of Ghawarna between March and June 2013 in Ghawr Al-Mazraa Village in the southern part of the Jordan Valley. A total of 517 participants, aged &gt;25 years, were randomly selected using cluster random sampling technique.</p><p><strong>Main Measures: </strong>Data were collected using an interviewer-administrated questionnaire and on-location measurement of blood pressure (BP), height, and weight. Prevalence rates were compared by sex and age groups using chi-square test while backward selec­tion logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of HTN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found 229 (44.3%) of the 517 participants had HTN. Of those 229 hypertensives, 146 (28.2%) participants were discovered to have HTN for the “first time.” Only 23 of the 83 who were aware of their hypertension had their BP controlled. When we added the undiagnosed HTN (<em>n</em>=146) to the uncontrolled HTN (<em>n</em>=60), the preva­lence of uncontrolled HTN became 90% (206/229). Older age, higher BMI, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were associated with having HTN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HTN prevalence, awareness and control levels are alarming among Gha­warna. <em>Ethn Dis</em>. 2015;25(3):321-328.</p>

scholarly journals Analyzing the Association between Hyperuricemia and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HEXA Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hwan Byun ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Jung-Woo Lee ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Hyperuricemia arises from the buildup of excessive uric acid in the blood, and it is implicated in the development of periodontitis. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between hyperuricemia and periodontitis using a cross-sectional study design and Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Health Examinee (KoGES HEXA) data. This prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the KoGES from 2004 to 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 8809 with hyperuricemia and 126,465 controls (non-hyperuricemia) were selected. This study defined hyperuricemia as >7.0 mg/dL of uric acid in men and >6.0 mg/dL in women. This study analyzed the history of periodontitis among hyperuricemia and control participants. Participants’ age, gender, income, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and nutritional intake were all examined. Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and two-tailed analyses were used for statistical analysis. The adjusted OR (aOR) of hyperuricemia for periodontitis was 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81–0.96, p = 0.005). This study demonstrated that hyperuricemia was associated with periodontitis. This finding meant that elevated uric acid levels could have a positive effect on periodontitis. However, further studies should be performed to determine the range of uric acid levels beneficial to periodontal health.

scholarly journals Hubungan Sanitasi Dasar dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pembina Kota Palembang

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Apriani Endawati ◽  
Rico Januar Sitorus ◽  
Heru Listiono
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Diarrhea Disease

Diarrhea was the number one case of death in baby 31.4%, childhood 25% and The fourth in all age groups 13.2%. South Sumatera precisely in Seberang Ulu II is a sub district that has highest rate of diarrhea disease one of the located in the working of Pembina health center were have that 979 cases. The purpose of this study was to association basic of sanitation (toilet quality, lay-stall and waste water disposal) related the incidence of diarrhea on childhood. This Research use propositional stratified accidental sampling (cross sectional) study design. The sample was mother that has children under five years old (0-59 month) and their were 52 respondent. The data analysis that was done bivariate and univariate data. Bivariate analysis used Chi square test. The result showed that there was significant correlation between toilet quality (ρ value 0.004 ; OR 7; 95% Cl 2.012-24.358), laystall (ρ value 0.000;OR 13; 95% Cl 3,005-56,236) and waste water disposal  (ρ value 0.000; OR 15,75; 95% Cl 3,601- 68,884) with diarrhea childhood. The conclusion that the distribution of the incidence of diarrhea was 15,75% and from all variable there was significant correlation with diarrhea in childhood. We suggest making latrines/toilet, constructing a simple covered  garbage dumps and repair or making waste water disposal and optimizing environmental health socialization programs, namely prevention and control of disease. 

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

ROLE OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION ON COPD PATIENTS OF SELECTED AREAS IN CHITRADURGA: A KAP STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin K Mathews ◽  
Abubaker Siddiq ◽  
Bharathi D R
Keyword(s):  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and treatable disease state characterized by air flow limitation that is not fully reversible. Severity of the symptoms is increased during exacerbations. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess and improve the knowledge regarding COPD among study subjects. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional interventional study was carried out among the peoples in selected areas of the Chitradurga city for a period of six months. Result: A total 207 subjects enrolled in the study in that 155 male and 52 females. In our study mean score of post test was more (5.87±1.68) when compare to pre-test (2.63±1.46) which show significant increase in their knowledge after educating them (p=0.000). A total of 207 subjects were enrolled into the study. SPSS Software was used to calculate the statistical estimation. Paired t-test was used to detect the association status of different variables. Conclusion: The relatively good level of COPD awareness needs to be maintained to facilitate future prevention and control of the disease. This study had identified that negative illness perceptions should be targeted, so that they will not avoid patients from seeking for COPD treatment and adhere to it. Key words: Cross sectional study, Knowledge, practice, COPD.

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