scholarly journals Bioactive secondary metabolites from the leaves of Secamone africana (Olive.) Bullock

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1820-1830
Author(s):  
Peter Sekandi ◽  
Jane Namukobe ◽  
Jane Namukobe ◽  
Robert Byamukama ◽  
Hoseah M. Akala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Secamone africana leaves are used in the treatment of malaria and other ailments in Uganda. The aim of the study was to characterize the antiplasmodial compounds from the leaves of Secamone africana. The leaves were extracted sequentially using dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine sensitive Sierraleone I (D6) and chloroquine-resistant Indochina I (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Isolation and purification were done using chromatographic techniques including column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods. The MeOH extract (IC50 = 5.45 μg/mL) was found to be more active than the DCM extract (IC50= 15.93 μg/mL) against the D6 malaria parasite. Chemical investigation of the MeOH extract yielded one new compound; 2-(2,4-dimethyloxetan-2-yl) acetic acid (3) in addition to the six known compounds; α-linolenic acid (1), conduritol B (4), β-sitosterol (5), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7) and coumaric acid (8). The DCM extract yielded one known compound: 1-methyl cyclobutene (2). The presence of these compounds with good anti-plasmodial activities and other bioactivities reported in literature, appears to argue for the therapeutic potential of Secamone africana.Keywords: Secamone africana,, anti-plasmodial activity, chromatography, secondary metabolites.    

scholarly journals Isolation and purification of plant secondary metabolites using column-chromatographic technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek K. Bajpai ◽  
Rajib Majumder ◽  
Jae Gyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Visual Demonstration ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Column Chromatographic

<p>Chromatographic techniques have significant role in natural products chemistry as well as contribute dramatically in the discovery of novel and innovative compounds of pharmaceutical and biomedical importance. This study focused on step-by-step visual demonstration of fractionation and isolation of biologically active plant secondary metabolites using column-chromatographic techniques. Isolation of bioactive compounds using column-chromatographic involves: a) Preparation of sample; b) Packing of column; c) Pouring of sample into the column; d) Elution of fractions; and e) Analysis of each fractions using thin layer chromatography. However, depending on nature of research, compounds can be further purified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analyses.</p><p><strong>Video Clips</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/pr8mrBoI8xA">Part 1:</a> 3 min 45 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/rYrfClKn-og">Part 2:</a> 6 min 21 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/kffHXxuPwbo">Part 3</a>: 4 min 45 sec</p>

scholarly journals Effects of non-toxic filamentous cyanobacteria isolated from tri an reservoir on Daphnia

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thanh Luu ◽  
Tran Thi Hoang Yen ◽  
Tran Thanh Thai ◽  
Ngo Xuan Quang ◽  
Hoang Nghia Son
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Life History ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacteria ◽  
Age At First Reproduction ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
First Reproduction

This study is aimed to examine whether the presence of non-toxic filamentous cyanobacteria can cause toxic effects on Daphnia magna. Six strains of Oscillatoria perornata were isolated from the Tri An Reservoir and cultured in our laboratory for investigation. The results revealed that all strains were negative with the mcyA moleculer marker. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results showed that toxin was not detected in their culture products, indicating that these strains corresponded to non-toxin producing strains. However, the results of chronic assay indicated that these non-toxin producing O. perornata conferred toxic effects on the tested animals. The age at first reproduction of D. magna was delayed and the survival of D. manga decreased in proportional with the increase of the density of cells of O. perornata exposed. Significant differences in the life history responses were observed for D. mangna exposed to O. perornata. These results suggested that bioactive secondary metabolites other than microcystins produced by the filamentous cyanobacteria O. perornata may contribute to the toxic effects on Daphnia. Besides cyanotoxins, other secondary metabolites must be taken into account when investigating the toxic effects of cyanobacteria.   

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of three Turkish marine-derived fungi

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-559
Author(s):  
Bülent Gözcelioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hct 116

Abstract Background Marine-derived fungi are appraised as a favorable source for discovering new bioactive secondary metabolites. In the last few decades researchers have concentrated on marine-derived fungi to obtain new and pharmaceutically active bioactive secondary metabolites with therapeutic potential. Objective In this study three marine-derived fungi were isolated and identified from marine invertebrates and investigated with regard to their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Materials and methods DPPH, SO, NO, and ABTS assays were used for monitoring free radical scavenging activity, and the MTT assay was used for testing cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells. Results According to the obtained results Malassezia restricta extract was shown to have the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities compared to the other tested fungi strains. Conclusion This study is the first report about the antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of Acremonium sclerotigenum, Aspergillus flavus, and M. restricta. This serves as a valuable preliminary study for activity-guided isolation of secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids in the crude drugs

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudas Ivanauskas ◽  
Valdas Jakštas ◽  
Jolita Radušienė ◽  
Audronis Lukošius ◽  
Algirdas Baranauskas
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Crude Drugs

Phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids have an important biological activity and are therapeutic agents of crude drugs. Development of validated analysis techniques of these phytotherapeutic agents (fingerprinting and assay procedures) is an important practice for efficacy, safety, and quality control of herbal drug preparations. The aim of the present work was to study analytical capabilities of the evaluation of selected phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids: caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic) acid, rosmarinic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin. Optimization and validation procedures of rapid and simple method of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography were carried out. The mobile phase of the optimized chromatographic method consisted of methanol and 0.5% acetic acid solvent in water. For the application of method, two kinds of raw materials were chosen: propolis and the Herba Origani. Coumaric acid is the dominating phenolic acid of propolis (2785 mg/g). Results of analysis of Herba Origani demonstrated high quantities (6376 mg/g) of rosmarinic and protocatechuic (1485 mg/g) acids in the samples.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic profiles in edible Annona spp. using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-MS/MS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Manjunath J Shetty ◽  
K. R Vasudeva ◽  
T Sakthivel ◽  
G. J Suresh ◽  
H. C Krishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition

Polyphenolic compounds of fruits of various plant species play an important role in physiological functions related to human health. Polyphenols have important biological activities like antioxidant activity which helps in normal functioning of human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the profiles of polyphenolic compounds in different edible Annona spp. fruits. Total of eighteen identified individual phenolic compounds were found, among which p-coumaric acid (321.53-90.17µg g-1FW), o-coumaric acid (70.80-19.00µg g-1FW), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (39.49-10.43µg g-1FW), caffeic acid (35.26-3.43µg g-1FW), gentisic acid (24.69-10.46µg g-1FW), protocatechuic acid (17.04-4.23µg g-1FW), t-cinnamic acid (22.68-3.93µg g-1FW) and ferulic acid (21.78-3.43µg g-1FW) were abundant in annona fruits while benzoic acid (23.28-4.61µg g-1FW), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1.79-0.31µg g-1FW), salicylic acid (6.00-2.40µg g-1FW), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (6.05-0.88µg g-1FW), vanillic acid.  (19.13-2.16µg g-1FW), gallic acid (15.88-2.74µg g-1FW), ellagic acid (1.12-0.20µg g-1FW), syringic acid (0.78-0.34µg g-1FW) and sinapic acid (2.16-0.79µg g-1FW) were limited. However, chlorogenic acid was not detected. The results obtained in this study will furnish a better knowledge of the polyphenolic composition in annona fruits.

scholarly journals GCMS Profile of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites with Therapeutic Potential in the Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica¬: A Sacred Traditional Medicinal Plant of INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-S) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
T. Loganathan ◽  
A. Barathinivas ◽  
C. Soorya ◽  
S. Balamurugan ◽  
T. G. Nagajothi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Neem (Azadirachta indica) a member of Meliaceae plays an immense role in human health and disease which is attributed to its composition of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites (BASM). It has been widely used in Indian Traditional Systems of Medicine that includes Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy and other Folklore Systems of Medicine practiced in the Indian Subcontinent for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Current global health perspectives and medical practice in the post COVID era has no other way but to seek to merge alternative systems of medicine with evidence-based therapeutic aspects for a better understanding of the metabolic process and its effects in the human body. The studies based on animal model established that neem and its chief constituents play pivotal role in anticancer management through the modulation of various molecular pathways including p53, pTEN, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, Bcl-2, and VEGF. Besides, NEEM plays a vital role in the management of diabetics and its associated long term complication through ROS scavenging and ameliorative potentials to restore oxidative injury/ inhibit enzymes linked to. Overall NEEM is considered as GRAS medicinal plant that modulates metabolic inflammations without side effects. Though it has been confirmed that neem and its constituents play role in the scavenging of free radical and prevention of disease pathogenesis, a clear scientific basis of its pharmacoinformatics is still lacking. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis of the fractions revealed the presence of 62 metabolites. Keywords: Azadirachta indica; NEEM; GCMS; Bioactive Secondary Metabolites; GRAS; Medicinal Plants

SUGGESTIVE PLACEMENT OF Quassia borneensis Noot. (Simaroubaceae) AS INDICATED BY ISOLATION OF ITS QUASSINOIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julenah Ag Nuddin ◽  
Aishah Adam ◽  
Ahmad Sazali Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Structural Elucidation ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques

Quassinoids have been reported to possess numerous biological activities such as anticancer, antimalarial and phytotoxicity. They are degraded triterpenoids which give bitterness characteristic of Simaroubaceae and classified according to their basic skeletons; C18, C19, C20, C22, C25 which correspond to their particular genus Quassia, Brucea, Soulamea, Eurycoma, Picrolemnia and others. Quassia borneensis Noot. (Simaroubaceae) (Qb) have not been properly placed in Quassia s.l. thus created confusion. Therefore, a study on Qb for its chemical compounds and biological activity are appropriate for data gathering. There is positive possibility for new quassinoids with potent biological activity to be discovered, in addition to confirmation of placement in Simaroubaceae. The study was accomplished by extracting the secondary metabolites from Qb by soxhlet in methanol. The methanol extract was partitioned to acquire n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous extracts. These extracts underwent isolation and purification through chromatographic techniques before subjected to spectroscopic instruments for structural elucidation. Preliminary findings identified five quassinoids and one canthin-6-one as glaucarubolone (1), chaparrinone (2), holacanthone (3), glaucarubinone (4), ailanthinone (5) and canthin-6-one (6) in reference to past reports. The isolation confirms Qb placement in Simaroubaceae, however, not in Quassia section as indicated by isolated quassinoids. Hence, further study would confirm its proper section in Quassia.

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