scholarly journals Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary functions of firefighters in Ogun State, Nigeria: A preliminary report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-307
Author(s):  
J.O. Ogunkoya ◽  
O. Ehioghae
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Fire Fighters ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: This study was done to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and abnormal respiratory functions as well as the association between the respiratory functions and the duration of employment among fire fighters in Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: Forty seven (47) fire fighters were included in this study. Data was collected with MRCQ questionnaire and Spirometry was done with Spirolab III. Data collected was analyzed using IBM-SPSS 20.Results: The mean age in this study was 44.09 ± 6.89 years. 43 (91.5%) were male while 4 (8.5%) were females. 46.8% and 48.9% had cough and breathlessness respectively. 44.7% had been firefighters for 21-25 years while 70.2% work 21-30-hours/week. Spirometry was normal in 37(78.7%), obstructive in 8(17%) and restrictive in 2(4.3%).Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was high in the firefighters in this study. Cough and breathlessness were the most reported symptoms. Majority of the firefighters had normal spirometry.

scholarly journals Non-Respiratory Symptoms of Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus Disease 2019): Lessons from Their Initial Presentation at the Hospital

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Angelo V. Vasiliadis ◽  
Maria Tsatlidou ◽  
Dimitrios Metaxiotis ◽  
Charalampos Psomiadis ◽  
Anastasios Beletsiotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Anatomic Region

Background and objectives: As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads, it is becoming increasingly evident that this coronavirus is not limited to the respiratory system and that the musculoskeletal system can also be affected. The purpose of the present study was to describe non-respiratory symptoms of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. Materials and Methods: All patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to our hospital, between 1 August and 30 September 2020, were included in this retrospective study. Data were extracted from medical records. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics at the initial presentation at the hospital were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 79 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. The mean age of the patients was 44.08 years (age range, 18–87 years) and 59.5% were male. The most common symptoms were fatigue in 60 (75.9%) patients, followed by fever (73.4%), myalgia (51.9%), cough (41.8%), anosmia (38%) and arthralgia (36.7%). The muscles of the upper back and the knee joint were the most painful anatomic region and joint, respectively. The laboratory findings on admission showed that D-dimer, CRP and procalcitonin levels were increased, without significant gender differences (p > 0.05). Chest imaging demonstrated pneumonia in 20 (25.3%) patients. Conclusions: Our results indicate that from the onset of the symptoms of COVID-19 patients, musculoskeletal symptoms, such as fatigue, myalgia and arthralgia, were present in three-quarters of all patients. These findings could help elaborate updated triage and admission protocols for suspect COVID-19 patients at the hospital and Emergency Department presentation.

Development of Prolonged Delivery of Tramadol and Dissolution Translation by Statistical Data Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337
Author(s):  
P B Parejiya ◽  
B S Barot ◽  
P K Shelat
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Matrix Tablet ◽  
Burst Effect ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

The present study was carried out to fabricate a prolonged design for tramadol using Kollidon SR (Polyvinyl acetate and povidone based matrix retarding polymer). Matrix tablet formulations were prepared by direct compression of Kollidon SR of a varying proportion with a fixed percentage of tramadol. Tablets containing a 1:0.5 (Drug: Kollidon SR) ratio exhibited a rapid rate of drug release with an initial burst effect. Incorporation of more Kollidon SR in the matrix tablet extended the release of drug with subsequent minimization of the burst effect as confirmed by the mean dissolution time, dissolution efficiency and f2 value. Among the formulation batches, a direct relationship was obtained between release rate and the percentage of Kollidon SR used. The formulation showed close resemblance to the commercial product Contramal and compliance with USP specification. The results were explored and explained by the difference of micromeritic characteristics of the polymers and blend of drug with excipients. Insignificant effects of various factors, e.g. pH of dissolution media, ionic strength, speed of paddle were found on the drug release from Kollidon-SR matrix. The formulation followed the Higuchi kinetic model of drug release. Stability study data indicated stable character of Batch T6 after short-term stability study.

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

scholarly journals Autonomy Levels of Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
şefika dilek güven
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Autonomy is one of the vocational criteria of the nursing profession and is essential for safe and quality care. Nurses begin to learn the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values associated with their professional roles during their school years. Nursing students should primarily have a high level of autonomy to protect and improve individuals’ health, and enhance their life quality in the future. This descriptive study was carried out with 285 nursing students to determine their autonomy levels. The study data were collected using a personal information form and the autonomy subscale (AS) of the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale. For the analysis of the data, numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation values, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were employed, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. The mean total score of the students obtained from AS was 103.65 ± 18.34. Their scores from the subscales of AS were 42.68 ± 8.16 for “personal achievement”, 40.77 ± 7.70 for “freedom”, and 20.20 ± 4.70 for “enjoying loneliness”. The mean total score of the first-grade students was found to be higher than that of other grades, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The autonomy level of the students was found to be above the middle level, and the autonomy level of 1st-grade students was higher than that of the students in other grades.

scholarly journals Myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients is associated with the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue

Kardiologiia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Savaş Özer ◽  
Eser Bulut ◽  
Ali Gökhan Özyıldız ◽  
Mustafa Peker ◽  
Oğuzhan Ekrem Turan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Thoracic Computed Tomography ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
The Mean

Aim    High sensitive troponin (hs-TnI) levels may increase secondary to Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and this increase is associated with cardiovascular mortality in COVID-19 patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with myocardial injury directly as a reservoir tissue for coronavirus, and indirectly through mediators it secretes as an apocrine gland. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between myocardial injury secondary to COVID-19 infection and EAT thickness.Material and methods    Thoracic computed tomography (CT) was performed in 73 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19. EAT thickness and volume were calculated by two radiologists blind to the study data. We formed two groups according to hs-TnI concentrations, patients with myocardial damage (hs-TnI ≥11.6 ng / l) and without myocardial damage (hs-TnI<11.6 ng / dl).Results    A total of 46 patients were women (63.0 %). The mean age was 66.4±12.3 yrs in the myocardial injury group and 55.9±9.7 yrs in the group without myocardial injury (p<0.001). There were 20 hypertensive patients (68.9 %) in the injury group, while there were 12 hypertensive patients (27.3 %) in the group without injury (p=0.001). Glucose, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, white blood cell count, neutrophil, and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio were higher in the injury group (p<0.05, for all variables). The mean EAT thickness was 5.6±1.6 mm in the injury group, whereas it was 4.8±1.8 mm in the group without injury (p=0.031). EAT thickness of 4.85 mm and above was associated with the myocardial injury with 65 % sensitivity and 39 % specificity (AUC=0.65, 95 % CI: 0.52–078, p=0.031).Conclusion    In patients with COVID-19 infection, higher rates of myocardial injury were observed as the EAT thickness increased. Epicardial adipose tissue, contributes to cytokine-mediated myocardial injury either directly or indirectly by acting as a reservoir for coronavirus. Increased EAT thickness is associated with myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A five-year review in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Olufemi Adebawojo ◽  
Adebayo Akadri ◽  
John Imaralu
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the prevalence and outcome of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy in Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State Nigeria Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study of all documented cases of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy between the 1st of June 2012 and 31st May, 2017. Information such as age, parity, booking status, level of education, blood pressure at presentation, urinalysis at presentation, gestational age at presentation, and delivery, mode of delivery, baby’s birth weight was extracted from patients’ case files. Result: There were 1,118 deliveries during the study period out of which 55 (4.9%) patients had hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The mean age was 31.5years ±48.1 and mean parity, 1.2± 1.1.  The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 180.4 ± 1.88mmHg and 105.1± 1.5mmHg, respectively. Thirty-four (75.5%) of the women had preeclampsia/ eclampsia, while 7 (15.5%) had gestational hypertension. Most women were delivered preterm (22 patients, 48.7%).  The majority of them (33, 73.3%) were delivered by cesarean section, out of which 2 (4.4%) were elective cesarean section and 31 patients (68.8%) were emergency cesarean section. The case fatality rate was 1.8%. Conclusion: Pre-eclampsia was the most prevalent t hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.  It was more prevalent among primigravidae patients and the most common complication was preterm delivery. Strengthening antenatal care services will enable early identification of cases. Prompt referral of cases for specialist care will help in reducing the adverse outcomes associated with the condition.

SPORT WORKOUT AND PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATED MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS AMONG ADOLESCENT ATHLETES OF ALIGARH

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Dr. Abdul Roof Rather ◽  
Nazia Khan ◽  
Abdul Kaisar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Menstruation and related problems are issues of great importance for adolescent athletes. The concern becomes more crucial when it comes to the sports participation of athletes. The social and cultural setup in India leaves very less space for adolescent athletes to talk freely about menstruation. This raises a great concern regarding menstruation from health perspective. Objectives: To study sport workout and participation associated menstrual problems among adolescent athletes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based survey study was carried out during open sports meet 2017 in Aligarh, India. A sample of 158 girl athletes participated in this study. Data was collected using a 23-item semi structured questionnaire. Data collection lasted for two weeks and analysis was done using descriptive statistics, percentages and proportions. Results: Showed that the mean age of menarche was 13.5 years. 37.19% had irregular menstrual cycle. 73.23% (20.11% severe and 53.12% mild) athletes had abdominal pain and cramping during menstruation. While, mere, 7.98% athletes seek any medical practitioner or OB-GYN about their menstruation problems. 56.97% athletes think that sports training and participation effect their menstrual periods. 49.78% reported that diet provided to them was not well balanced and 59.09% reported that imbalanced diet had caused many problems like that of irregular menstrual periods, dizziness, sleeping difficulties, mood swings, constipation and feelings of depression to them. Conclusion: The knowledge of the participants of this study about the menstruation and related problems was very weak and did not know the safe maintenance procedures. They also have the ill faith that sports participation hampers the menstrual periods. Besides this the significant weight loss could be due to training load and dietary imbalances. This seems to have had played major role in the irregularity of the menstrual cycles.

Assessment of profitability and risk management in vegetable production in Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 029-035
Author(s):  
Akinbola Adeyose Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Ogun State

The study examined the performance and risk management of vegetable production in Ogun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire and personal interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Ordinary Least Square (OLS) were used for the analysis of this study. The results found out that lack of discriminating pricing system, conflict in policy making, and high cost of inputs affect the market prices and as well serve as the main production risks that were observed by the farmers in the area. The average cost incurred for the production was about ₦6,908, while the total revenue accrued was ₦41,751. The gross margin and net farm income realized per production season were ₦36,973 and ₦34,843, respectively. The value (6.0) of return on investment showed that farmers realized times six of their investment. The variables such as household size, farm size, fertilizer application and equipment were the main determinants of vegetable production in the area. Also, the main challenges faced by the farmers were the infestation of pests and diseases, inadequate funds and climate change consequences. Therefore, it is recommended that the vegetable farmers should be encouraged through technical training on innovative approach to price determination and forming of functioning market structure in the area.

scholarly journals 0986 Positive Airway Pressure Care And Cleaning Practices In The Pediatric Home

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A374-A375
Author(s):  
K K Pruss ◽  
D Willis ◽  
B J Spray ◽  
S Jambhekar
Keyword(s):  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Respiratory Therapist ◽  
Clinic Appointment ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Water Chamber ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction The Sleep Clinic at Arkansas Children’s follows approximately 300 children who require positive airway pressure (PAP) at home. The clinic respiratory therapist provides oral and written cleaning instructions while some physicians choose to provide their own instructions. The home equipment company who supplies PAP in the home also gives cleaning instructions. The different routes of information given may result in inconsistent practices. It is extremely important to clean PAP equipment as directed as infection and illness may result from improper cleaning. Methods Caregivers of children who utilize home PAP devices were invited to complete an anonymous survey regarding cleaning practices during a Sleep clinic appointment. Data were collected electronically. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize results. Results There were 96 participants of whom 90% (87/96) were parents/caregivers. The mean age of the equipment user was 12 years and most were male (69%, 66/96). The mean length of time the equipment had been used was 2.6 years (SD 3.2). The majority of respondents, 67% (64/95), identified the parent/caregiver as responsible for cleaning. Only 25% (24/96) reported cleaning the mask daily as recommended; 43% (41/96) of participants reported cleaning tubing weekly; 27% (26/96) reported cleaning the water chamber daily by while most reported at least weekly (47%, 45/96). The majority, 58% (56/96) reported emptying the water chamber daily and using distilled water (81%, 74/96). Most respondents did not note respiratory symptoms starting/increasing with PAP (67%, 64/96). Of those with respiratory symptoms attributed to PAP, congestion was the most common (79%, 11/14). Conclusion There is a discrepancy between recommended and actual practices for cleaning PAP equipment. No significant association was found between the duration of PAP use and cleaning practices. However, a moderately low correlation between age and cleaning was identified. Increased age was associated with decreased cleaning practices. Support  

scholarly journals Economic analysis of strategic control program (5, 8, 11) for gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing beef cattle during the growing phase in Central Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Henrique Conde ◽  
Rafael Pereira Heckler ◽  
Dyego Gonçalves Lino Borges ◽  
Valter Joost Van Onselen ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Strategic Control ◽  
Stock Valuation ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Operational Result ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to analyze economically different control protocols for beef cattle gastrointestinal nematodes in Brazil. Field study data previously published was used to compare three groups: 1) non-dosed; 2) current deworming program with two doses - May and November; and 3) alternative strategic control program with three doses - May, August, and November. An economic sensitivity analysis was performed based on beef carcass price (BCP) variation, thus creating three economic scenarios: 1) more probable (M) using the mean BCP in the studied region; 2) optimistic (O) using the mean BCP plus standard deviation; and 3) pessimistic (P) using the mean BCP minus standard deviation. Stock valuation (SV), operational result (OP), and treatment differential (TD) were calculated for each scenario. Average BCP was US$ 2.93 kg-1 carcass (± US$ 0.27 kg-1 carcass). The mean annual cost of deworming per animal was US$ 5.43 and US$ 7.97 for protocols with two and three doses, respectively. The cost of anthelmintic treatment represented 0.63% and 0.74% of operating results, both in M scenario. TD ranged from 9.5% to 27.6% for the assessed protocols. Regardless of the scenario, the protocol with three annual dosages presented the highest SV and OP, which economically justifies its implementation in strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing beef cattle in Central Brazil. These results also demonstrate the relevance of strategic anthelmintic treatments in weaned stocker calves in tropical and humid subtropical areas.

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