scholarly journals Prioritization of barriers in industrial symbiosis implementation in automotive industry - Using ISM and MICMAC Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 107-134
Author(s):  
K.E.K Vimal ◽  
Asela K. Kulatunga ◽  
Lakshmanakumar Veeraragavan ◽  
Mahadharsan Ravichandran ◽  
Jayakrishna Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Information Logistics ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
The Impact

The continuous increase in production, lack of flexibility of organizations, and lack of knowledge on sustainability have led to the depletion of raw materials and increased waste generation. Industrial symbiosis now has become a very effective solution and an essential strategy for responsible consumption and waste utilization. This strategy helps different organizations to blend their resources, share information, logistics, and waste materials to solve their problems by forming a network to increase profits. This study was directed towards identifying the barriers towards applying Industrial Symbiosis in an organization with probable solutions to them. ISM modeling and MICMAC analysis were used to visualize the impact of different barriers for implementing Industrial symbiosis in an organization and improve efficiency in terms of eco-innovation. The results of this study give experiences and rules to practicing managers in medium and small-scale industries to effectively execute Industrial Symbiosis. The study also adds to the improvement of a basic model for examining the barriers affecting IS with regards to eco-innovation and sustainable frameworks and contributes to ongoing researches on this eco-friendly idea of Industrial Symbiosis.

scholarly journals The application of MFA for rural industrial symbiosis assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
D Agustina ◽  
A D Wicaksono ◽  
C Meidiana
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Aluminum Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
The Aluminum Industry

Abstract One of proposed strategies to solve current environmental challenges includes the industrial symbiosis. However, proper evaluation methods are required to measure the potential benefits of industrial symbiosis, one of those includes the material flow analysis (MFA). MFA develops a unified database and a Step-by-Step process starting from the input, process, and output process to clarify the distribution of waste and the recycling process in the aluminum industry. The aluminum industry is regarded as an energy-intensive and high-pollution industry. The development of industrial symbiosis in the aluminum industry has significantly reduced environmental pressures and facilitated green development and green industry. Home industries that process aluminum slag raw materials require high energy thereby generating high waste during the production process. The applied method includes material flow analysis (MFA). The MFA results indicated that the production elements of the aluminum slag industry consist of 11 elements ranging from raw materials, fuel, clean water, human resources, capital, production processes, production equipment, housekeeping, products produced, waste to waste utilization. Approximately 44% of the industry sold waste to other industries, 42% of the waste was reprocessed, and 14% of the aluminum industry stockpiles production was in the form of waste in open spaces. The industrial symbiosis in the aluminum industry was an open cycle, indicating that the symbiosis produces waste, which had not been fully utilized; but in fact, the waste had potential as a source of raw materials, energy, and materials in other industrial processes.

scholarly journals Smallholder Decision-Making on Sawlog Production: The Case of Acacia Plantation Owners in Central Vietnam

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Zhunusova ◽  
Le Thi Hoa Sen ◽  
Jobst-Michael Schröder ◽  
Stefan Ziegler ◽  
Matthias Dieter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Rotation Periods ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
High Production ◽  
Land Holdings ◽  
The Impact

Background and objectives: Smallholder households with a plot size of 1–5 ha manage nearly half of Vietnam’s acacia plantations. They mostly harvest acacia timber after short rotation periods (5–6 years) producing woodchips with relatively low financial returns compared to potential profits from sawlog production through long rotation periods. The domestic wood production cannot yet meet the needs of the booming furniture industry for raw materials. This paper investigates factors that influence the adoption of long-rotation periods for sawlog production by small-scale plantation owners. Materials and methods: The impact of farmer and farm characteristics and the characteristics of the external environment on the probability to adopt long rotation periods is analyzed. The data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD) and a household survey to capture the wider socio-economic situation of small-scale plantation owners in central Vietnam. Findings: Results from FGDs and probit regressions show that factors that potentially constrain small-scale plantation owners from the production of sawlogs can be grouped into four themes: (1) small and fragmented land holdings, (2) high risks related to natural disasters and other biotic and abiotic hazards, (3) high production and monitoring costs, and (4) lack of knowledge and experience in plantation management. Conclusions: Potential policy approaches to promote the adoption of long rotation periods should include a package of measures that simultaneously address the constraints of smallholders and the various risks that they face.

scholarly journals Problems and Prospects of Small Scale Industries in Kakuri, Kaduna South L.G.A, Kaduna State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
S. Mukhtar ◽  
A. Ahmed ◽  
A. Najib ◽  
M. A. Jibrin
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Reliable Power Supply ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Scale Industries ◽  
Area Data

This study focuses on the problems and prospects of small scale industries in Kakuri, Kaduna south. The aim was achieved through the following specific objectives; identify the types of small scale industries, examine the problems of small scale industries and analyse the impact of small scale industries on the economic development of Kakuri industrial area. Data were collected through oral interviews and structural questionnaire administered to randomly sampled respondents. The study identified the major problems of small scale industries (SMIs) that hamper the growth of SMIs which includes; inadequate finance, shortage/ change in price of raw materials, poor infrastructures, etc. Based on the findings the study recommends that government should provide soft loans to small scale industries, adequate infrastructural facilities such as reliable power supply and roads. Government should also empower youth through training and financial assistance as a start-up capital.

scholarly journals DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM TERHADAP SEKTOR USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KOTA BITUNG

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurlaili Nurlaili ◽  
Rizky Muhartono ◽  
Yayan Hikmayani
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Kebjakan penghentian perizinan sementara (moratorium) kapal kapal yang pembuatannya di luar negeri (kapal eks asing) berdampak langsung pada nelayan yang bekerja pada kapal-kapal eks asing berupa penurunan pendapatan hingga hilangnya mata pencaharian. Di sisi lain, kebijakan moratorium tersebut dirasakan memberikan dampak positif bagi usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil khususnya di Kota Bitung. Tulisan ini bertujuan menggambarkan dampak kebijakan moratorium pada pelaku usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil di Kota Bitung Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Tulisan ini merupakan bagian dari Kegiatan Kajian Khusus yang dilakukan secara cepat pada bulan Maret 2015. Penelitian tentang hal ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara mendalam dan observasi terhadap para pelaku usaha perikanan, baik perikanan tangkap, pengolahan dan pemasaran ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan moratorium telah memberikan dampak negatif terhadap usaha perikanan tangkap berupa penurunan pendapatan sampai hilangnya mata pencaharian, dalam usaha pengolahan berdampak pada berkurangnya bahan baku sampai berhentinya produksi ikan olahan, dalam usaha pemasaran berdampak pada berkurangnya ikan untuk dipasarkan. Meskipun demikian, kebijakan ini berdampak positif pada usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil yaitu peningkatan produksi, makin seringnya melaut, makin dekatnya fishing ground, peningkatan harga ikan, mudahnya akses memperoleh BBM dan peningkatan pendapatan.Title: Policy Impact moratorium on Business fisheries sector in BitungTermination of the licensing policy (moratorium) ships whose creation abroad (foreign ex ship) have a direct impact on the fishermen who work on the ships of foreign ex a decrease in revenue to the loss of livelihood. On the other hand, policy moratorium perceived a positive impact on small scale fishery business, especially in the city of Bitung. This paper aims to describe the impact of the moratorium on the perpetrators of small-scale fishery business in the city of Bitung in North Sulawesi province. This paper is part of a Special Assessment activities undertaken quickly on 18-20 March 2015. Findings of study used a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques are in-depth interviews and observations of the perpetrators of fisheries, both capture fisheries, processing and marketing fish. The results showed that the moratorium had a negative impact on fishery business as a decrease in revenue to loss of livelihood, the business processing time reduces the raw materials to the cessation of production of processed fish, the marketing efforts led to a reduction of fish to be marketed. However, these policies have a positive impact on the fishery business, the small scale of production increases, more and more often at sea, the nearby fishing ground, the increase in the price of fish, easy access to obtain fuel and increased revenue. 

Can Values of Honesty, Hard Work, Loyalty and Discipline Predict Entrepreneurial Orientation of Muslim Owner Managers?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohani Mohd ◽  
Badrul Hisham Kamaruddin ◽  
Khulida Kirana Yahya ◽  
Elias Sanidas
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Learning Institutions ◽  
Innovative Orientation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
True Values

The purpose of the present study is twofold: first, to investigate the true values of Muslim owner managers; second, to examine the impact of these values on entrepreneurial orientations of Muslim small-scale entrepreneurs. 850 Muslim owner managers were selected randomly using the sampling frame provided by MajlisAmanah Rakyat Malaysia (MARA). 162 completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed. For this paper only two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientations were analyzed: proactive orientation and innovative orientation. Interestingly, the findings revealed that Muslim businessmen/women are honest, loyal, disciplined and hard working. Loyalty and honesty are positively related to proactive orientation, while discipline and hard-work are positively related to innovative orientation. The findings provide implications for existing relevant theories, policy makers, practitioners and learning institutions. 

Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

Impact of Raw Materials and Processing Techniques on The Microbiological Quality of Egyptian Domiati Cheese

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Yeast

Domiati cheese is the most popular brand of cheese ripened in brine in the Middle East in terms of consumed quantities. This study was performed to investigate the impact of the microbiological quality of the used raw materials, the applied traditional processing techniques and ripening period on the quality and safety of the produced cheese. Three hundred random composite samples were collected from three factories at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Collected samples represent twenty-five each of: raw milk, table salt, calf rennet, microbial rennet, water, environmental air, whey, fresh cheese, ripened cheese & swabs from: worker hands; cheese molds and utensils; tanks. All samples were examined microbiologically for Standard Plate Count (SPC), coliforms count, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) count, total yeast & mould count, presence of E. coli, Salmonellae and Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). The mean value of SPC, coliforms, S. aureus and total yeast & mould counts ranged from (79×102 CFU/m3 for air to 13×108 CFU/g for fresh cheese), (7×102 MPN/ cm2 for tank swabs to 80×106 MPN/ml for raw milk), (9×102 CFU/g for salt to 69×106 CFU/g for fresh cheese) and (2×102 CFU/cm2 for hand swabs to 60×104 CFU/g for fresh cheese), respectively. Whereas, E. coli, Salmonella and L. monocytogenes failed to be detected in all examined samples. There were significant differences in all determined microbiological parameters (p ≤0.05) between fresh and ripened cheese which may be attributed to different adverse conditions such as water activity, pH, salt content and temperature carried out to improve the quality of the product.

Water Pollution Abatement in Small Paper Mills in India

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Panneerselvam
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Recovery System

In order to reduce the demand for the forest based raw materials by the organised industrial sectors like the large integrated pulp and paper mills, the Government of India started promoting several small-scale pulp and paper mills based on non-wood agricultural residue raw materials. However promotion of these small mills has created another environmental problem i.e. severe water pollution due to non-recovery of chemicals. Because of the typical characteristics like high silica content etc. of the black liquor produced and the subsequent high capital investment needed for a recovery system, it is not economically feasible for the small Indian mills to recover the chemicals. While the quantity of wastewater generated per tonne of paper produced by a small mill is same as from a large integrated pulp and paper mill with a chemical recovery system, their BOD load is four times higher, due to non recovery of chemicals. However the existing wastewater disposal standards are uniform for large and small mills for e.g. 30 mg BOD/l. To meet these standards, the small mills have to install a capital intensive wastewater treatment plant with heavy recurring operating costs. Therefore the feasible alternative is to implement various pollution abatement measures, with the objective of not only reducing the fibre/chemical loss but also to reduce the investment and operating costs of the final wastewater treatment system. To illustrate this approach, a case study on water pollution abatement and control in a 10 TPD mill, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Land Subsidence Estimation for Aquifer Drainage Induced by Underground Mining

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4658
Author(s):  
Artur Guzy ◽  
Wojciech T. Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Model ◽  
Impact Of Mining

Land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal induced by mining is a relatively unknown phenomenon. This is primarily due to the small scale of such movements compared to the land subsidence caused by deposit extraction. Nonetheless, the environmental impact of drainage-related land subsidence remains underestimated. The research was carried out in the “Bogdanka” coal mine in Poland. First, the historical impact of mining on land subsidence and groundwater head changes was investigated. The outcomes of these studies were used to construct the influence method model. With field data, our model was successfully calibrated and validated. Finally, it was used for land subsidence estimation for 2030. As per the findings, the field of mining exploitation has the greatest land subsidence. In 2014, the maximum value of the phenomenon was 0.313 cm. However, this value will reach 0.364 m by 2030. The spatial extent of land subsidence caused by mining-induced drainage extends up to 20 km beyond the mining area’s boundaries. The presented model provided land subsidence patterns without the need for a complex numerical subsidence model. As a result, the method presented can be effectively used for land subsidence regulation plans considering the impact of mining on the aquifer system.

scholarly journals 2-Piece Cork Stoppers as Alternative for Valorization of Thin Cork Planks: Analysis by LCA Methodology

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Flor-Montalvo ◽  
Agustín Sánchez-Toledo Ledesma ◽  
Eduardo Martínez Cámara ◽  
Emilio Jiménez-Macías ◽  
Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lca Methodology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Thickness ◽  
Cork Stoppers ◽  
Wine Bottle

Natural stoppers are a magnificent closure for the production of aging wines and unique wines, whose application is limited by the availability of raw materials and more specifically of cork sheets of different thickness and quality. The growing demand for quality wine bottle closures leads to the search for alternative stopper production. The two-piece stopper is an alternative since it uses non-usable plates in a conventional way for the production of quality caps. The present study has analyzed the impact of the manufacture of these two-piece stoppers using different methodologies and for different dimensions by developing an LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), concluding that the process phases of the plate, its boiling, and its stabilization, are the phases with the greatest impact. Likewise, it is detected that the impacts in all phases are relatively similar (for one kg of net cork produced), although the volumetric difference between these stoppers represents a significant difference in impacts for each unit produced.

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