Gender Representation In E-Discourse Of Banks In Pakistan: A Corpus-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Abdul Qayyum Sahar ◽  
Wasima Shehzad
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Corporate Communication ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Electronic Discourse ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Machine Readable

Electronic discourse emerged, as a new genre, in the last few decades. Like other fields of life, the internet also shifted business from traditional to virtual domains i.e. electronic commerce. Similarly, the banks in Pakistan launched their websites and online services for the purpose of running more effective business. Like other linguistic aspects, the choice of pronouns plays a significant role in making corporate communication more effective. In this regard, inclusion of certain pronouns and exclusion of other pronouns influence the effectiveness of the financial message. This newly emerged discourse needs to be gender balanced in order to be more effective for corporate communication. The current study examined the representation of gender in the e-discourse from feminist perspective. It looked at the occurrences of third person singular pronouns used for representation of men and women on web pages of banks in Pakistan. Corpus analysis tool AntConc (Anthony, 2014) was used to find out the occurrences of pronouns used for female gender and male gender in ‘About us’ section of the banks in Pakistan. Texts were copied from the websites of banks. In order to make these texts machine-readable, they were converted into plain texts. Both quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis were used for better understanding of the research study. Quantitative representation of gender focusingon occurrences of pronouns was complemented with the in-depth presentation of the data. The study revealed gender-based disparities in the banking discourse. Female gender is underrepresented (12.74%) and male gender is overrepresented (87.26%). This low depiction of female gender in the discourse of banks indicates gender biasness; putting female gender in periphery and highlighting male gender by assigning greater number of occurrences.

Abstract 14920: Uric Acid is Neither the Risk Factor nor Prognostic Factor for 3-year Clinical Events in Vasospastic Angina Patients Regardless of Gender

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Ho Park ◽  
Seung Woon Rha ◽  
Ung Jun ◽  
Byoung Geol Choi ◽  
Se Yeon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Vasospastic Angina ◽  
Clinical Events

Background: It has been reported that a major cause of vasospastic angina is endothelial dysfunction of the coronary artery. However, it is controversial whether the uric acid level is associated with vasospastic angina, and can be a prognostic factor for vasospastic angina. Methods: A total 3828 patients (pts) underwent coronary angiography with acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test from Mar 2004 to Sep 2012 were enrolled. The definition of positive coronary artery spasm (CAS) was defined as transient luminal narrowing more than 70%. The uric acid level was categorized into 4 quartile groups; less than 3.8, 3.9~4.7, 4.8~5.7, and more than 5.8 mg/dL. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as the composite of recurrent chest pain, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular accident were valuated up to 3 years. Results: The follow-up rate was the 61.1% (2340/3828). There was no difference in uric acid level between negative and positive CAS groups in female gender but in male gender, uric acid level was higher in negative CAS group (Table 1). However, when adjusted by age, the difference was disappeared (OR, 0.965; 95% CI, 0.898-1.037; P-value, 0.335). The incidence of MACE was 11.1% in male gender and 8.6% in female gender. In male gender, the serum uric acid level between the groups with and without MACE was similar but in female gender, the uric acid level was higher in the group with MACE. However, when adjusted by age, uric acid was not associated with MACE (Table 2). Conclusions: In our study, uric acid was neither the risk factor nor prognostic factor for 3-year clinical events in CAS patients regardless of gender.

Chronic physical stress differences between genders in a military training on the Amazon jungle

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Y.R. de Souza ◽  
F.B. Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to investigate the gender difference in the manifestation of physical stress in a strenuous military training on Amazon jungle, using alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) markers, measured before and after an adaptation to jungle training. The sample consisted of 49 military volunteers, 35 male and 14 female, recently moved to the Amazon region. All plasma levels rose after the training. Serum ALT (male and female) and AST (male and female), although borderline, remained within normal limits. Already plasma levels of CK (both male and female) and LDH (male and female) largely exceeded the normal range. The average of all markers listed in female gender remained below the levels of the male gender. However, significant differences in biomarkers ALT, AST and CK between genders were found. The study points out that, in a jungle environment, biometric markers ALT, AST, CK and LDH are efficient for monitoring chronic physical stress in both genders, when used in combination. The influence of the weather on the occurrence of physical stress in unacclimated people of both genders, and the lower responses in the levels of ALT, AST, LDH and CK in females were discussed basing on the scientific literature.

scholarly journals MASCULINITY AS AN IDENTITY AND AS A CLUSTER OF TRAITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Renata Zieminska
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
The Self ◽  
Simple Idea ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Binary Model ◽  
Third Person ◽  
First Person Perspective ◽  
Third Person Perspective

The paper presents the concept of masculinity within the non-binary and multilayered model of gender/sex traits. Within that model, masculinity is not a simple idea, but rather is fragmented into many traits in diverse clusters. The experience of transgender men and men with intersex traits suggests that self-determined male gender identity is a mega trait that is sufficient for being a man. However, masculinity is not only psychological, as the content of the psychological feeling of being a man refers to social norms about how men should be and behave. And male coded traits are described as traits that frequently occur within the group of people identifying as men. Therefore, I claim that there are two interdependent ideas in the concept of masculinity: the self-determined male gender identity (first-person perspective) and a cluster of traits coded as male (third-person perspective). Within non-binary model the interplay between the two interdependent ideas allows to include borderline masculinities.

scholarly journals CPOD and mood limitation in school children aged 12, San Sebastian parish-Cuenca 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
DF Zhunaula ◽  
◽  
J Santellan ◽  
RM Ramos ◽  
CJ López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
School Age ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
San Sebastian

Dental caries is one of the most common oral health problems that mainly affects children and young people of school age, altering the general health and quality of life of people, thus becoming a public health problem. Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain the incidence of bad oral hygiene related to mood in 12-year-old school children in the parish of San Sebastián, Cuenca-Ecuador. Methods: For this study, a quantitative approach was used, from a descriptive study, where 281 twelve-year-old school children were analyzed. Results: By means of the Kendall analysis method applied to the CPOD and mood limitation variables, the results were 0.987 in the female gender and 0.304 in the male gender. Conclusion: No relation between CPOD level and mood was found

scholarly journals Deconstructing Feminist Positions in Unigwe’s “Possessing The Secret Of Joy” and Aidoo’s “The Girl Who Can”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-241
Author(s):  
Confidence Gbolo Sanka ◽  
Peter Arthur ◽  
Samuelis Gracious Abla
Keyword(s):  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
African Women ◽  
Close Study ◽  
African Context

For many years, African women have been blaming men for the inferior position of the female gender in African societies. In this blame game, the patriarchal and cultural stipulations of societies are not left out since they present the male gender as superior. This observation is emphasised by the myriads of texts on feminism which largely present discourses that highlight the roles of the male gender and patriarchy in perpetuating female otherness. In doing so, the females are portrayed as mere victims who do not play any active roles in this ordeal and are therefore exonerated from blame. This notwithstanding, a close study of events in patriarchal societies and the evolving contemporary current of thought in feminist domains questions the portrayal of women as helpless victims of patriarchy. By using the theories of feminism and deconstruction and by focusing on the themes and language of the stories, this paper seeks to unearth some patterns in Unigwe’s “Possessing the Secret of Joy” and Aidoo’s “The Girl Who Can” which speak to the involvement of women as agents of patriarchy. It also argues that some of the time too, men can be victims or subjugates of patriarchy in the African context. The paper concludes that the fight against patriarchy remains the lot of both genders and not in the blame game.

scholarly journals Fake news and unfunded beliefs in the post-truth age

Universitas ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Víctor Castillo-Riquelme ◽  
Patricio Hermosilla-Urrea ◽  
Juan P. Poblete-Tiznado ◽  
Christian Durán-Anabalón
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The dissemination of fake news embodies a pressing problem for democracy that is exacerbated by theubiquity of information available on the Internet and by the exploitation of those who, appealing to theemotionality of audiences, have capitalized on the injection of falsehoods into the social fabric. In thisstudy, through a cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental design, the relationship betweencredibility in the face of fake news and some types of dysfunctional thoughts was explored in a sampleof Chilean university students. The results reveal that greater credibility in fake news is associated withhigher scores of magical, esoteric and naively optimistic thinking, beliefs that would be the meetingpoint for a series of cognitive biases that operate in the processing of information. The highest correlationis found with the paranormal beliefs facet and, particularly, with ideas about the laws of mentalattraction, telepathy and clairvoyance. Significant differences were also found in credibility in fake newsas a function of the gender of the participants, with the female gender scoring higher on average thanthe male gender. These findings highlight the need to promote critical thinking, skepticism and scientificattitude in all segments of society.

A Review on Semantic Text and Multimedia Retrieval and Recent Trends

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74
Author(s):  
Oğuzhan Menemencioğlu ◽  
İlhami Muharrem Orak
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Semantic Search ◽  
Multimedia Retrieval ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
The Face ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Machine Readable

Semantic web works on producing machine readable data and aims to deal with large amount of data. The most important tool to access the data which exist in web is the search engine. Traditional search engines are insufficient in the face of the amount of data that consists in the existing web pages. Semantic search engines are extensions to traditional engines and overcome the difficulties faced by them. This paper summarizes semantic web, concept of traditional and semantic search engines and infrastructure. Also semantic search approaches are detailed. A summary of the literature is provided by touching on the trends. In this respect, type of applications and the areas worked for are considered. Based on the data for two different years, trend on these points are analyzed and impacts of changes are discussed. It shows that evaluation on the semantic web continues and new applications and areas are also emerging. Multimedia retrieval is a newly scope of semantic. Hence, multimedia retrieval approaches are discussed. Text and multimedia retrieval is analyzed within semantic search.

P3451Female gender is an independent predictor of one-year mortality following primary angioplasty for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, regardless of age, clinical severity and frailty

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Viana-Llamas ◽  
A Silva-Obregon ◽  
R Arroyo Espliguero ◽  
A Estrella-Alonso ◽  
S Saboya-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Gender-based differences in mortality of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been reported. However, controversy exists about the impact of female gender on mortality after correcting for baseline risk differences. Purpose Assess gender-based mortality in a cohort of STEMI patients following primary angioplasty. Methods Retrospective cohort of 427 consecutive STEMI patients (64 years [55–75]; 78% men) admitted to a general ICU between November-2013 and February-2017. We used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models for survival analysis. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) was used to assess frailty. Results Women were older and had a higher GRACE 2.0 and frailty (CFS≥4). Women had lower creatine-phosphokinase and albumin levels and higher B-natriuretic peptide levels, despite the lack of gender-based differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and MI size and location. One-year mortality rate was higher in women, most often from cardiogenic shock during admission and at 30-day follow-up (Table). After Cox regression analysis, women had a 2.23-fold higher risk of one-year mortality compared with men (Figure), independently of age, frailty, GRACE 2.0, LVEF and inotropic agents requirements. Baseline characteristics Women (n=93) Men (n=334) P value One-year mortality, n (%) 15 (16.1) 15 (4.5) <0.001 Cardiogenic shock, n (%) 10 (62.5) 6 (37.5) <0.001 Age (years) 70.8 [51.2–80.3] 61.9 [54.2–71.8] <0.001 Hypertension, n (%) 54 (58.1) 149 (44.6) 0.022 GRACE 2.0 129 [104.5–156] 112 [94–139] 0.001 Clinical Frailty Scale≥4, n (%) 28 (30.1) 32 (9.6) <0.001 MI location (anterior), n (%) 42 (45.2) 152 (45.5) 0.953 Creatin-phosphokinase (UI/L) 1040 [300.5–2134] 1517 [620.5–2852.8] 0.004 High-sensitivity troponin I (pg/mL) 4003 [62.1–48526.6] 9070 [65.8–65893] 0.473 Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) 52 [40–60] 55 [45–60] 0.465 B-natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) 241.1 [99.9–896.9] 103.6 [28.3–259.2] <0.001 Albumin (g/L) 36.1 [34.3–38.5] 38.4 [35.6–40.5] <0.001 Inotropic agents, n (%) 14 (15.1) 26 (7.8) 0.033 Kaplan-Meier and Cox survival curves. Conclusions Female gender is an independent predictor of one-year mortality in STEMI patients, regardless of age, clinical severity and frailty. A potential myocardial disfunction probably mediated by an increased frailty, may play a role in the high mortality rate among women after STEMI.

Semi-Structured Data Extraction from Heterogenous Sources

2000 ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Gao ◽  
Leon Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
The Universe

The World Wide Web is known as the “universe of network-accessible information, the embodiment of human knowledge” (W3C, 1999). Internet-based knowledge management aims to use the Internet as the world wide environment for knowledge publishing, searching, sharing, reusing, and integration, and to support collaboration and decision making. However, knowledge on the Internet is buried in documents. Most of the documents are written in languages for human readers. The knowledge contained therein cannot be easily accessed by computer programs such as knowledge management systems. In order to make the Internet “machine readable,” information extraction from Web pages becomes a crucial research problem.

scholarly journals Incidence of periodontal compromise in teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment: A clinical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Ricardo Machado ◽  
Monique Muniz da Cunha ◽  
Daniel Comparin ◽  
Leopoldo Cosme-Silva ◽  
Eduardo Donato Eing Engelke Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and nine teeth were evaluated using probing depth tests at three vestibular and three palatine/lingual sites before the patients underwent treatment. Teeth that presented up to 3-mm probing depth were considered as healthy. Those that presented at least one site with probing depth >3 mm were considered periodontally compromised. The data were statistically analyzed by means of applying the Chi-square test, with a level of significance of 5%. Results: Of the total of 209 teeth evaluated, 40 (19.10%) presented periodontal compromise. There was statistically significant difference related to the compromised teeth of patients of the female gender (22.80%) compared with teeth of patients of the male gender (12.30%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fewer than 20% of the teeth evaluated presented a periodontal compromise. Patients of the female gender presented a higher number of periodontally compromised teeth than patients of the male gender.

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