scholarly journals Pre-Translation Text Analysis as an Essential Step to an Effective Translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1 (21)) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Gayane Gasparyan

Pre-translation text analysis is an integral part of an efficient translation procedure. In fact, it focuses on collecting intra-textual and extra-textual information on the text under translation. Collecting the intra-textual information is mainly based on a thorough analysis of the source text linguistic peculiarities, whereas the extra-textual information focuses basically on the communicative functional properties of both source and target texts. There exist different approaches towards this procedure and the stages of its accomplishment. Nonetheless, it should be noted that they all lead to a broader spectrum of discourse analysis with its intra-textual and extra-textual parameters and give birth to the translation-oriented pragmatic analysis before initiating translation process itself. The article focuses on the interrelation and interaction of all the mentioned types of analysis (pragmatic analysis, discourse analysis, pre-translation analysis) as an essential requirement for a relevant translation.

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Morini

My aim in this article is to show the usefulness of pragmatics for translation analysis and, tentatively, translation training. The tools and methods developed by pragmatics in the past four decades are particularly useful for the analysis of dialogue and, more generally, face-to-face interaction. Therefore, a source text is chosen which displays a rich and intricate web of personal and social relations, and whose dialogues strike a delicate balance between what is spoken and unspoken, said and implied. Jane Austen’s Emma is compared with three Italian target texts in order to verify if that web and that balance are kept, erased, or altered in translation: the results are, perhaps not surprisingly, mixed, and demonstrate that a knowledge of the pragmatics of face-to-face interaction can be of great advantage to the translator of Emma.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Choirul Fuadi

<p>In translating brochure, a translator has to make a decision on the basis of the message and purpose. The translator is faced by two strategies of translation – foreignization and domestication. The purpose of the study is to examine how the interrelationship between cultural term translation and foreignization or domestication strategy in the cultural term translation of tourism brochure from Indonesian into English. This study used qualitative descriptive with discourse analysis strategy. The note-taking technique is used to identify and classify the data. The objects of the study are tourism brochures from Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta and Central Java in 2015. The findings show that the translation strategies used depend on the translation process. When the cultural terms are familiar, translator tends to use domestication strategy and consider the target text. Translator chooses domestication strategy because try to make tourist understand the text and produce communicative and natural translation. On the other hand, when cultural terms are foreign, translator using foreignization strategy and consider source text. Using foreignization strategy, translator tends to introduce traditional cultural term.</p>


Author(s):  
Milisi Sembiring ◽  
Martina Girsang

The aims of this study were to observe the translation procedures to translate Sijalapen in Karonese Wedding Ceremony into English. The data of this study were found from the participant observation of the authors. There were six cultural terms in the groom’s party and five cultural terms in the bride’s party.  All together were 11 cultural terms and they were the lucky numbers for Karonese society. They refered to Karonese belief of ersada tendi ku rumah means have all souls gathered at home. If their souls are all at home, they believe that they all had good health. It was believed because they did the ceremony of perumah tendi. It was the ceremony of asking for their tendi at home. The qualitative research was done to collect the data and did the analysis. Translation analysis, cultural analysis and discourse analysis were applied in doing this study. The result shows that the problems of untranslatability occur in the process of translation the SL into the TL. Newmark’s translation procedures were not workable, instead, Sembiring and Panggabean’s familiar translation procedure were used to translate sijalapen in Karonese wedding ceremony into English. The authors would recommend the researchers on untranslatability texts to use Sembiring and Panggabean’s translation procedure to overcome their translation process problems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Ahmed Adel NOURI ◽  
Zainab Saad MOHAMMED

Non-detachability is said to be a peculiar feature to conversational implicature. This study endeavors to inspect this claim which is consummated by means of substituting the expressions with others of the same meaning. It also aims to analyze whether this criterion holds over when translating the same sample into Arabic. It is hypothesized that conversational implicature is non-detachable, hence replacing the expression by its equivalence will not alter the implicature. Moreover, the translation process is hypothesized to hold over the same features of the source text, and hence the implicature is hold over since it is a feature of the source text. The problem of the study is that the translation versions are similar to certain extent since the chosen text use simple expressions. It is found that replacing the chosen expressions with other expressions of similar meaning will keep the implied meaning and the same thing is true when using different translations to translate the same text


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Abdulaziz Al Saleh

The present study aims at investigating the translator’s use of Newmark’s translation procedures in the translation process of the Islamic book Islamic Guidance. It also aims at exploring the most frequently employed translation procedures as well as the effectiveness of using Newmark’s translation procedures in conveying the source text to the target text as naturally and accurately as possible. To achieve these goals, the researcher applies a descriptive content analysis method on 18 religious texts collected from Islamic Guidance with their English translations. The findings of this study indicate that the translator utilized all Newmark’s translation procedures except the translation label. The most frequently used procedure was the descriptive equivalent procedure whereas the least frequently used procedure was the recognized translation procedure. The results also show that the translation procedures are helpful (especially the target-oriented ones) in conveying the meaning of the text from Arabic into English.


Author(s):  
Akhmedova E.D.

The purpose of the article is to establish correlations between the presence or absence of cultural specificity of a source-text simile and its replacement with a target-text simile based on a different cognitive model. The paper rests on D.Tartt’s and M. Atwood’s novels and their translations.Methods. The research employs structural-semantic translation analysis, which allows identifying translation transformations, and cognitive translation analysis, which allows constructing cognitive propositional models of the source-text and target-text fiction similes and reveal if they are culturally specific. A simile is defined as an explicit conceptual metaphor, after G. Lakoff and M.Johnson. Cognitive propositional model of the simile is “A is like B”, where “A” and “B” are the target and source domains/concepts respectively. The research addresses the concepts of translation procedure, translation transformation and translation strategy. A translation procedure is conceived as a process of solving a translation problem, a translation transformation – as converting a text unit from one language to another and a translation strategy – as a translator’s general plan of action. Translation transformations are studied as specific linguistic instantiations of translation procedures.Results. The study differentiates between idiomatic, non-idiomatic and allusive conventional similes. It has been revealed that replacement of English fiction simile mappings applies to idiomatic, non-idiomatic and allusive similes and is embodied in the Ukrainian language by culturally specific idiomatic similes.Conclusions. Replacement of fiction simile mappings is carried out by means of lexical-grammatical transformation of holistic substitution, which serves the strategy of domestication. The domestication strategy is compulsory if the translator is limited in making decisions by linguistic and cultural specificity of the English simile, as in the case of idiomatic similes, and it is optional in the case of non-idiomatic or allusive similes that are devoid of linguacultural specificity.Key words: allusive simile, cognitive translation analysis, idiomatic simile, non-idiomatic simile, translation procedure, translation strategy. Мета статті полягає у встановленні кореляцій між наявністю/відсутністю культурної специфіки порівняння тексту оригі-налу і використанням перекладачем процедури його заміни на порівняння, що базується на іншій когнітивній моделі. Робота виконана на матеріалі романів Д.Тартт та М. Етвуд та їхніх українських перекладів.Методи. У дослідженні використано структурно-семантичний перекладацький аналіз, що дозволяє виявити способи і трансформації перекладу і когнітивний перекладацький аналіз, що лежить в основі побудови когнітивних пропозиціональ-них моделей художніх порівнянь в оригіналі і перекладі, і дозволяє встановити, чи є вони культурно специфічними. Порівняння розглядається як експліцитна концептуальна метафора за Дж.Лакоффом та М.Джонсоном, когнітивна пропозиціональна модель якого має такий вигляд: «А є як Б», де «А» є доменом цілі, а «Б» – доменом джерела. У дослідженні визначаються поняття перекладацької процедури, способів/трансформацій перекладу та стратегій перекладу. Перекладацька процедура роз-глядається як процес вирішення перекладацької проблеми, способи/трансформації перекладу – як перетворення текстової одиниці з однієї мови на іншу, а стратегія перекладу – як загальний план дій перекладача. Способи/трансформації перекладу вивчаються як специфічне мовне втілення перекладацькоїпроцедури.Результати. У ході дослідження були розмежовані ідіоматичні, неідіоматичні та алюзивні конвенціональні порівняння. Визначено, що перекладацька заміна когнітивних моделей англомовних художніх порівнянь поширюється на ідіоматичні, неідіоматичні та алюзивні порівняння і втілюється в українській мові культурно специфічними ідіоматичними порівняннями.Висновки. Заміна когнітивних моделей порівнянь здійснюється за допомогою лексико-граматичної трансформації цілісної заміни, яка реалізує стратегію одомашнення. Стратегія одомашнення є примусовою, якщо перекладач є обмеженим у прийнятті рішень лінгвокультурною специфікою англомовного порівняння, як у випадку з ідіоматичними порівняннями, або факультативною, як у випадку з неідіоматичними або алюзивними порівняннями, які не є лінгвокультурно маркованими. Ключові слова: алюзивне порівняння, ідіоматичне порівняння, когнітивний перекладацький аналіз, неідіоматичне порівняння, перекладацька процедура, стратегія перекладу.


Author(s):  
Mariya A. Khrustaleva ◽  
◽  
Aleksandra S. Klimova ◽  

The article deals with one of the issues in the study of creolized text – the special features of graphic novels translation. These are explored based on the translation from Spanish into Russian made by the authors of the paper for the literary work Wrinkles (Spanish: Arrugas) written by Paco Roca. The authors consider cognitive discourse analysis to be the main approach to the translation of the abovementioned graphic novel. It gives an opportunity not only to justify the researchers’ translation decisions but also to convey the author’s idea and his personal perception of the world in a more complete and accurate way. The frame method, which is regarded as an adequate mode of the concept structural organization, makes it possible to build the sphere of concepts of the source text. The concepts of MEMORIA (memory) and VEJEZ (old age) are considered the key concepts of the graphic novel because, as it was found at the stage of pre-translation analysis, they create its artistic space. The frame analysis of the fundamental concepts of the source text and the identification of semantic correlations between the language representants make it possible to translate the researched literary work. Based on the research results, the authors draw a conclusion about the special features of graphic novels translation and the effectiveness of applying the cognitive discourse analysis to the translation of such works. The study concludes with an outline of the prospects for further research on graphic novels, a new literary genre that represents an unusual combination of fine art, literature and cinematography.


Author(s):  
Надежда Вадимовна Крицкая ◽  
Ким Хуен Чанг Чанг

Введение. Несмотря на то, что вьетнамская литература в целом не получила широкого международного признания, некоторые произведения писателей Вьетнама широко известны читателям по всему миру. Одним из таких общепризнанных литературных произведений является сказочная повесть То Хоая «Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký», переведенная на множество языков, в том числе на русский и английский. Цель – выявление особенностей перевода сказки То Хоая «Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký» на русский и английский языки. Материал и методы. Материалами исследования послужил оригинальный текст сказочной повести То Хоая «Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký» и его русско- и англоязычный переводы. В качестве методов исследования применялись общенаучные методы анализа, синтеза и обобщения, а также частнонаучные методы описания и сопоставления, наряду с методом стилистического анализа текста. Результаты и обсуждение. Переводы сказочной повести «Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký» на русский и английский языки могут служить иллюстрацией зависимости конечного результата перевода художественного текста от задач, решаемых переводчиками. Сопоставительный анализ ряда аспектов русской и английской версий исходного текста (перевод имен собственных, описание персонажей, передача элементов национальной культуры и быта, воспроизведение фольклорной составляющей) позволяет говорить о том, что русский переводчик при помощи ряда приемов персонифицирует персонажей, распространяет их описания, иногда домысливая за автором детали портретов и ситуаций. Тенденция к амплификации текста нарушается лишь в случае «подцензурных» фрагментов, смягченных с учетом его адресата. Еще одним решением переводчика является бережный перенос в русский текст, а иногда и намеренное усиление вьетнамского национального колорита, обусловленного вкраплениями в текст повести фольклорных фрагментов и безэквива лентной лексики. Английский перевод, в отличие от русского, строго следует за оригиналом и иногда излишне схематичен. Заключение. Сравнение русской и английских версий сказочной повести То Хоая «Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký» свидетельствует о принципиально различных стратегиях русского и английского переводчиков. Автор английского перевода строго следует за вьетнамским текстом или несколько его упрощает, доместицирует элементы национальной культуры. Русский переводчик нередко прибегает к амплификациям оригинала и подчеркивает вьетнамский колорит сказочной повести. Introduction. Though not being widely known abroad, Vietnamese literature managed to produce some texts enjoying vast popularity all around the world. One of such international masterpieces is “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai, which has been regarded as a classic children’s novel through seven decades. Up to now, “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” has been translated into more than 40 world languages including Russian and English. The book’s plot revolves around the adventures of a cricket in a world of animals and people, metaphorically introducing the ideas of good and evil, war and peace, ideals and life’s purpose in an insightful way. Aim and objectives. The purpose of the research is to analyze specific features of Russian and English versions of “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai. Material and methods. The research is based on 3 text sources: the Vietnamese original text of “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai, and its two versions: “Приключения кузнечика Мена” (transl. M. N. Tkachiov) and “Adventures of a Cricket” (transl. Dang Te Binh). The methods applied are general scientific (observation and description) and linguistic (text analysis, comparative analysis). Results and discussion. English and Russian versions of “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” may serve as an example of interdependence of the result of translation process and translator’s aims and objectives. Comparison of several aspects of the Russian and the English versions of the literary text (translation of proper names, description techniques, rendering of realia, transferring of folklore element) makes evident different translation techniques while translating the Vietnamese source text into the two languages. While the Russian interpreter emphasizes human features in animal characters and mainly amplifies description, having in mind younger audience, Dang Te Binh sticks to the Vietnamese original. One more distinctive feature widening the gap between the Russian and the English versions is visible intention of the Russian interpreter to emphasize Vietnamese flavor of the original text by deliberate foreignization of realia, preserving and even amplifying inserts of folk material. In this aspect, the English version, too, closely follows the Vietnamese text. Conclusion. Сomparative analysis of the two versions of To Hoai’s “Dế mèn phiêu lưu ký” shows two polar strategies of the Russian and the English interpreters. While Dang Te Binh’s version tends to stick to the source text and (in several utter cases) even simplifies it, the Russian interpreter chooses to amplify the Vietnamese text and underlines its ethnic affiliation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Anita Dwianasari

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the promising and offering utterances in commissive of speech act, translation techniques and its equivalences in Forrest Gump movie subtitles. The method used is qualitative method. The results showed several techniques employed, such as adaptation, borrowing, established equivalent, linguistic compression, literal translation, modulation, particularization, reduction, transposition, and variation. The translation technique mostly used is established equivalence. For the shift rendering in source text and target text in Forrest Gump movie subtitles, it is concluded that mostly the data do not occur any shift in promising or offering utterances. Also, in terms of translation equivalence, the dominant kind of translation equivalence in this research is dynamic equivalence.


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