scholarly journals Social integration of children with and without ASD in their first school year

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Florentina Pruteanu
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Skills Rating System ◽  
School Year ◽  
Children With Asd

The present research presents the results of a cross-sectional study on the relationships among developmental level at the beggining of the first school year, interpersonal relationships, and social abilities at the end of the first school year, in children with and without ASD. The participants were 120 children, 60 diagnosed with ASD and 60 with typical development aged 6 to 7 years, M = 6.27, AS = .20, of which 78 boys (65%) and 42 girls (35%). The instrument used for the measurement of developmental level was Portage Psychomotor Development Scale (Bluma et al., 1976), social skills were measured with 17 items of the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) (Gresham & Elliott, 1990), and the quality of relationships with others was measured with four items of the Sense of Relatedness Questionnaire (Furrer& Skinner, 2003). Two hierarchical regression analyses were ran, with three steps each. The results showed that child-peer relationship and also child-teacher relationship could diminish the effects of being diagnosed with ASD and also of developmental level on social skills. Practical implications were discussed. Our results support the importance of early interventions for children with ASD as a means to contribute to the developmental level of children with ASD, comparable with children without ASD.

scholarly journals Social integration of children with and without ASD in their first school year

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Alice Florentina Pruteanu
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Skills Rating System ◽  
School Year ◽  
Children With Asd

The present research presents the results of a cross-sectional study on the relationships among developmental level at the beggining of the first school year, interpersonal relationships, and social abilities at the end of the first school year, in children with and without ASD. The participants were 120 children, 60 diagnosed with ASD and 60 with typical development aged 6 to 7 years, M = 6.27, AS = .20, of which 78 boys (65%) and 42 girls (35%). The instrument used for the measurement of developmental level was Portage Psychomotor Development Scale (Bluma et al., 1976), social skills were measured with 17 items of the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) (Gresham & Elliott, 1990), and the quality of relationships with others was measured with four items of the Sense of Relatedness Questionnaire (Furrer& Skinner, 2003). Two hierarchical regression analyses were ran, with three steps each. The results showed that child-peer relationship and also child-teacher relationship could diminish the effects of being diagnosed with ASD and also of developmental level on social skills. Practical implications were discussed. Our results support the importance of early interventions for children with ASD as a means to contribute to the developmental level of children with ASD, comparable with children without ASD.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions among school-age children at Khartoum State 2011/2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-416
Author(s):  
Dr. Suzan Ail Yousif Abo* ,Dr. ALI abdalazez Salih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Watching Tv

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out at Khartoum Stateduring the school year 20112/2012 to estimate the prevalence of obesity among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years and to investigate the relationship between BMI (Body MassIndex) and socioeconomic status and life style factors. Two hundred and fifty pupilsparticipated in this study. The researcher took the anthropometric measurement insidethe class room and gave the questionnaire the students to be answered by one of child’sparents. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS Version 13.0).In this study, prevalence of obesity was found to be (48%) of them 18% males and 30%females. Income of the family, number of high caloric carbonated beverages/week, wayof transportation to school, length of daily playing outside the home, and time spentin watching TV and video games were significantly correlated with student’s BMI.While parent’s BMI was not having significant correlation with student’s BMI.This study is considered as the first study in its field regarding this age category inKhartoum State, and it is promoting future researches in obesity and its determinant.Key words: Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions amongschool-age children

Hubungan Budaya Organisasi dengan Intensi Turnover di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Endang Sulastri ◽  
Yulastri Arif ◽  
Utari Christhya Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Communication

<p>Intensi turnover pada institusi pelayanan kesehatan merupakan masalah serius dan harus segera ditindaklanjuti, karena akan berdampak terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia yang dapat mempengaruhi dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan kepada pasien. Intensi turnover di Rumah Sakit  Awal Bros Batam sejak lima tahun terakhir diatas standar rata-rata turnover dan Rumah Sakit belum mempunyai stategi yang efektif untuk mencegahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan budaya organisasi dengan risiko intensi turnover di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner berdasarkan proposional random sampling, Chi Square dan Uji Regresi Logistic Berganda (Binary Logistic). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi di Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batam  mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan intensi turnover dengan nilai pValue 0.005. Saran yang dapat diberikan peneliti adalah  menciptakan suasana kerja yang kondusif dengan menjaga hubungan interpersonal dan komunikasi yang baik antar karyawan maupun atasan.</p><p> </p><p>The intention of turnover in health care institutions is a serious problem and must be followed up immediately, because it will have an impact on the quality of human resources that can affect the delivery of health services to patients. The intention of the turnover in Batam Awal Bros Hospital since the last five years is above the average turnover standard and the Hospital does not yet have an effective strategy to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between organizational culture and risk of turnover intention at Awal Bros Batam Hospital. The research method uses quantitative design with cross sectional study. Quantitative sampling using a questionnaire based on proportional random sampling, data processing using the mean, Chi Square and Binary Logistic Regression Test. The results showed that the organizational culture in Batam Awal Bros Hospital had a significant relationship with turnover intention with a pValue 0.005. Suggestions that can be given by researchers is establish a conducive work atmosphere by maintaining interpersonal relationships and good communication between employees and superiors</p>

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impacts of Perceived Job Value, Job Maintenance, and Social Support on Burnout among Long-Term Care Staff in Hawaii

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Bum Jung Kim ◽  
Sun-young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact

Extensive research has demonstrated the factors that influence burnout among social service employees, yet few studies have explored burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii. This study aimed to examine the impact of job value, job maintenance, and social support on burnout of staff in long-term care settings in Hawaii, USA. This cross-sectional study included 170 long-term care staff, aged 20 to 75 years, in Hawaii. Hierarchical regression was employed to explore the relationships between the key independent variables and burnout. The results indicate that staff with a higher level of perceived job value, those who expressed a willingness to continue working in the same job, and those with strong social support from supervisors or peers are less likely to experience burnout. Interventions aimed at decreasing the level of burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii may be more effective through culturally tailored programs aimed to increase the levels of job value, job maintenance, and social support.

Cyberbullying, student nurses’ ethical awareness and the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 096973302110102
Author(s):  
Ka Young Kim ◽  
Jeong Sil Choi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Ethical Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Cyber Ethics

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has increased cyber communication, causing nursing students’ clinical practice to be held in cyberspace. Thus, it is essential to ensure that nursing students develop comprehensive cyber ethics awareness. Moreover, cyberbullying is becoming more widespread and is an increasingly relevant new concept. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the experiences of cyberbullying among nursing students during clinical practice and determine the effects of cyberbullying victimization and cyber environments on their cyber ethics awareness. Research design: Data for this descriptive cross-sectional study were collected in July 2020 using a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed using hierarchical regression. Participants and research context: The study included data from 291 nursing students with more than 6 months of clinical experience who were enrolled in two nursing universities in two cities in South Korea. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board of G University. Written, informed consent was obtained from all participants. Results: Cyberbullying victimization experiences during clinical practice were few. The most common cyberbullies of work- and person-related cyberbullying were nurses and classmates, respectively. Discussion: Cyber ethics awareness was affected by cyber anonymity and the perceived seriousness of cyberbullying; cyberbullying related to clinical practices was a new factor that significantly affected cyber ethics awareness. Conclusions: Hospitals and nursing universities should develop a multi-dimensional, comprehensive, and effective nursing intervention education program to be integrated into the nursing curriculum to enhance cyber ethics awareness and reduce cyberbullying of nursing students.

scholarly journals Could Emotional Intelligence Ability Predict Salary? A Cross-Sectional Study in a Multioccupational Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Martin Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Edgar Breso ◽  
Gabriele Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Relevant Variable ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis

The study of emotional intelligence (EI) in work environments is a trending topic. However, few studies have examined the relationship between EI and salary. Therefore, the presented research aims to analyze the influence of EI on salary using a multioccupational sample. The participants were 785 subjects aged between 18 and 58 years (M = 39.41; SD = 10.95). EI ability was measured using the Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT), while the salary was collected together with other sociodemographic variables in a questionnaire created ad hoc. After controlling for the age, gender, social class, educational level, and work experience variables, the results of correlation and regression analysis showed that participants with higher EI and emotional-repair capacity generally have higher salary. These findings provide preliminary evidence that EI is a relevant variable in achieving career success. The ability to channel and manage emotions could help employees develop stronger interpersonal relationships, leading to higher positions and greater financial compensation.

scholarly journals Profilaxia Pré-Exposição para o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana no Currículo Médico em Portugal: Uma Análise Transversal

2022 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Duarte ◽  
Nuno Rua ◽  
David Gomes ◽  
Vasco Ricoca Peixoto ◽  
Daniela Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Year ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has gained relevance as a method of prevention for HIV in certain people and settings. Following the publication of the guideline on PrEP prescribing in Portugal, we aimed to assess the knowledge of Portuguese Medical Students about PrEP.Material and Methods: An online survey was sent to Medical students of Portuguese Medical Schools. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the results and an analytic cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with “knowing about PrEP”, “having had one class about PrEP” and “identifying eligible groups correctly”.Results: Of the 796 students that responded to the survey, 64.6% were aware of what PrEP is. Of these, 34.44% acquired this knowledge during their training. Out of the total amount of respondents, 4.77% could identify correctly and completely the eligible groups for PrEP. As the training years went by, the probability of being aware of PrEP, having had one class about PrEP, and identifying the eligible groups correctly, increased. Of the sixth-year students, 43.48% had had one class about PrEP and among the students that were aware of PrEP, 28% identified what the eligible groups were. After adjusting for the school year, we found differences between Medical Schools regarding the outcomes. The association between the different ways of learning about PrEP and the ability to correctly identify eligible groups for PrEP was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The differences between Medical Schools could be harmonized through changes in the medical curricula that would allow this topic to be addressed more often.

Antecedents of Looming Cognitive Style: Associations With Reported Perceived Parenting and Attachment

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Altan-Atalay ◽  
Halise Belgin Ayvaşık
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerabilities ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Looming Cognitive Style

Looming Cognitive Style, which was proposed as cognitive vulnerability model specific for anxiety disorders, suggests that anxiety-prone individuals have a tendency to perceive threats and dangers as getting closer, becoming larger, and more agonizing every passing minute. Yet, very few studies focused on the family-related variables that are associated with development of Looming Cognitive Style. This study aims to investigate the relationship of Looming Cognitive Style with measures perceived parenting and attachment. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 389 university students aged between 18 and 35 as participants. The participants were assessed through Looming Cognitive Style, perceived parenting, attachment anxiety, and avoidance. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated Looming Cognitive Style to be significantly predicted by maternal overprotection and anxiety dimension of attachment. The results are important in understanding how parenting-related variables are related to development of cognitive vulnerabilities specific to anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals How does the UK childcare energy-balance environment influence anthropometry of children aged 3–4 years? A cross-sectional exploration

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R Hesketh ◽  
Sara E Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
Esther M F van Sluijs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Childhood Obesity ◽  
Family Based ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Objectively Measured

ObjectivesTo assess the association between time spent in care, the childcare energy-balance environment, and preschool-aged children’s body mass index z-score (z-BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and sum of skinfold thickness (SST).DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsChildren aged 3–4 years were recruited from 30 childcare centres in Cambridgeshire (UK) in 2013.Main outcome measuresObjectively measured height and weight was used to calculate z-BMI; waist circumference and height were used to generate WHR; subscapular and tricep skinfolds were used to calculate SST. Associations between childcare attendance, the nutrition, physical activity, and overall childcare environment, and three anthropometric outcomes were explored using two-level hierarchical regression models, adjusting for demographic and family based confounders.ResultsValid data were available for 196 children (49% female). Time spent in care, the nutrition, physical activity and overall childcare environment were not associated with children’s z-BMI, WHR and SST.ConclusionsChildcare environment and level of attendance were not associated with UK preschool-aged children’s anthropometry. The childcare environment has been central to intervention efforts to prevent/reduce early childhood obesity, yet other factors, including child-level, family level, wider environmental and policy-level factors warrant substantial attention when considering obesity prevention strategies for young children.

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