scholarly journals Distorsión de la imagen corporal y trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes gimnastas respecto a un grupo control de adolescentes no gimnastas con un IMC similar (Body image distortion and eating disorders in adolescent gymnasts vs. a control group of non-

Retos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Gabriela Valles Verdugo ◽  
Esteban Hernández Armas ◽  
Raúl Baños ◽  
José Moncada-Jiménez ◽  
Iván Rentería
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
And Control

Introducción: Los trastornos de la imagen corporal y alimentarios, así como conductas de control de peso riesgosas para la salud, son más frecuentes en los deportistas que practican deportes con énfasis en la estética, la delgadez y un bajo peso específico. Objetivo: Comparar la imagen corporal (insatisfacción y alteración) y el riesgo de trastornos alimenticios en una muestra de adolescentes gimnastas versus un grupo control de adolescentes no gimnastas con un IMC similar. Material y métodos: Se seleccionó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia de 56 participantes mujeres y hombres clasificados como gimnastas élite, gimnastas regulares y grupo control. La imagen corporal y trastornos alimenticios fueron valorados con la Escala de Factores de Riesgo de Trastornos Alimentarios (EFRATA). Resultados: Al realizar una prueba ANOVA de dos factores, la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo (F(1, 55) =17.41, p ≤ 0.001) y grupo (F(2, 55) = 3.66, p = 0.033), mostrando un mayor grado de insatisfacción los hombres (M= -0.54) respecto a las mujeres (M = 0.43). El riesgo de anorexia mostró diferencias significativas por sexo (F(1, 55) = 10.69, p = 0.002) y grupo (F(2, 55) = 7.97, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusión: Los gimnastas presentaron un mayor grado de insatisfacción corporal al desear una silueta más gruesa o musculosa para el caso de los varones, mientras que las mujeres quieren ser más delgadas respecto al grupo control. De igual forma los gimnastas reportaron un mayor riesgo de anorexia en comparación con el grupo control.Abstract. Introduction: Body image and eating disorders, as well as risky weight management behaviors are more frequent in athletes who practice sports with an emphasis on aesthetics, thinness and a specific low body weight. Objective: to compare body image (dissatisfaction and alteration) and the risk of eating disorders in a sample of adolescent gymnasts versus a control group of non-gymnastics adolescents with similar BMI. Material and methods: A convenient non-probabilistic sample of 56 female and male participants classified as elite, regular gymnasts and control group with a BMI similar to that of gymnasts. The instrument used to assess body image and eating disorders was the Scale of Risk Factors for Eating Disorders. Results: When performing an inferential analysis using a two-way ANOVA, dissatisfaction with body image showed statistically significant gender (F(1, 55) = 17.41, p ≤ 0.001) and group (F(2 , 55) = 3.66, p = 0.033) differences, males displaying higher degree of dissatisfaction (M = -0.54) than females (M = 0.43). The risk of anorexia showed significant differences by sex (F (1, 55) = 10.69, p = 0.002) and group (F (2,55) = 7,97, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Gymnasts showed greater body dissatisfaction, with males desiring a more muscular silhouette whilst females a leaner figure compared to the control group. Likewise, gymnasts reported an increased risk of anorexia compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction among college students

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Wagner Luiz Prado ◽  
Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros ◽  
Sandra Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Eat 26

Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior increase during college. Objectives: To identify symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction in college students and to verify the relationship between eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 408 college students (283 females), aged 18-23y, enrolled in the first semester of health science in public universities from Recife-PE. Symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction were assessed by self-report questionnaires (EAT-26, BITE, BES, BSQ). Results: Body image dissatisfaction was independently associated with a 22-fold increased risk for anorexia nervosa, 18-fold for bulimia nervosa and 25-fold for binge eating. Female college students (32.5%; CI95%=27.2-38.1%) have higher symptoms of eating disorders than males (18.4%; CI95%=12.3-25.9%). Specifically for bulimia, both females (26.1%; CI95%=21.3-31.5%) and males (21.6%; CI95%=15.1-29.5%) are at greater risk of developing this illness. Conclusion: The current findings provide preliminary evidence about risks of college health sciences students with body image dissatisfaction to develop eating disorders.

scholarly journals Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α -308G>A, -238G>A and -376G>A polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy loss risk in the Greek population

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofoklis Stavros ◽  
Despoina Mavrogianni ◽  
Myrto Papamentzelopoulou ◽  
Evaggelos Basamakis ◽  
Hend Khudeir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Greek Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Promoter region SNPs in TNF-α have been studied in association with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) occurrence in various populations. Among them, −238G > A, −308G > A and − 376G > A have been frequently investigated for their potential role in recurrent abortions. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation among TNF-α 238, TNF-α 308 and TNF-α 376 polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss risk in Greek women. Methods This study included 94 Caucasian women with at least two miscarriages of unexplained aetiology, before the 20th week of gestation. The control group consisted of 89 Caucasian women of proven fertility, with no history of pregnancy loss. DNA samples were subjected to PCR amplification using specific primers. Sanger sequencing was applied to investigate the presence of TNF-α 238, TNF-α 308, TNF-α 376 polymorphisms in all samples. Results The TNF-α 238 and TNF-α 308 variants were both detected in RPL and control groups (7.45% vs 4.49 and 45.16% vs 36.73%, respectively), but with no statistically significant association (p-value 0.396 and 0.374, respectively). The TNF-α 376 variant was not detected at all in both control and RPL groups. When TNF-α 238 and TNF-α 308 genotypes were combined no association with RPL was detected (p-value = 0.694). In subgroup analysis by parity, RPL patients carrying the A allele reported less previous births. Conclusions This is the first study demonstrating TNF-α 238 and TNF-α 308 gene expression and the absence of TNF-α 376 variant in Greek women with RPL. However, no association emerged between each polymorphism studied and the occurrence of recurrent pregnancy loss. Accordingly, TNF-α -308G > A, −238G > A and -376G > A variants are not considered genetic markers for identifying women at increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss in the Greek population.

scholarly journals Sonographic Signs of Adenomyosis in Women with Endometriosis Are Associated with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Dean Decter ◽  
Nissim Arbib ◽  
Hila Markovitz ◽  
Daniel S. Seidman ◽  
Vered H. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

We compared the prevalence of ultrasound signs of adenomyosis in women with endometriosis who underwent surgery to those who were managed conservatively. This was a retrospective study of women evaluated at a tertiary endometriosis referral center who underwent 2D/3D transvaginal ultrasound. Adenomyosis diagnosis was based on the presence of at least three sonographic signs. The study group subsequently underwent laparoscopic surgery while the control group continued conservative management. Statistical analysis compared the two groups for demographics, symptoms, clinical data, and sonographic findings. The study and control groups included 244 and 158 women, respectively. The presence of any, 3+, or 5+ sonographic signs of adenomyosis was significantly more prevalent in the study group (OR = 1.93–2.7, p < 0.004, 95% CI; 1.24–4.09). After controlling for age, for all findings but linear striations, the OR for having a specific feature was higher in the study group. Women in the study group with ≥ 5 sonographic signs of adenomyosis had more than twice the risk of experiencing infertility (OR = 2.31, p = 0.012, 95% CI; 1.20–4.45). Sonographic signs of adenomyosis are more prevalent in women with symptomatic endometriosis who underwent surgery compared with those who continued conservative management. Women with 5+ findings have a significantly increased risk of infertility. Adenomyosis on ultrasound should be considered in the management decisions regarding these patients.

Changes in neuronal correlates of body image processing by means of cognitive-behavioural body image therapy for eating disorders: a randomized controlled fMRI study

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1651-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vocks ◽  
D. Schulte ◽  
M. Busch ◽  
D. Grönemeyer ◽  
S. Herpertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

BackgroundPrevious neuroimaging studies have demonstrated abnormalities in visual body image processing in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, possibly underlying body image disturbance in these disorders. Although cognitive behavioural interventions have been shown to be successful in improving body image disturbance in eating disorders, no randomized controlled study has yet analysed treatment-induced changes in neuronal correlates of visual body image processing.MethodAltogether, 32 females with eating disorders were randomly assigned either to a manualized cognitive behavioural body image therapy consisting of 10 group sessions, or to a waiting list control condition. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, brain responses to viewing photographs of one's own and another female's body taken from 16 standardized perspectives while participants were wearing a uniform bikini were acquired before and after the intervention and the waiting time, respectively.ResultsData indicate a general blood oxygen level dependent signal enhancement in response to looking at photographs of one's own body from pre- to post-treatment, whereas exclusively in the control group activation decreases from pre- to post-waiting time were observed. Focused activation increases from pre- to post-treatment were found in the left middle temporal gyrus covering the coordinates of the extrastriate body area and in bilateral frontal structures including the middle frontal gyrus.ConclusionsResults point to a more intense neuronal processing of one's own body after the cognitive behavioural body image therapy in cortical regions that are responsible for the visual processing of the human body and for self-awareness.

scholarly journals Development of Late-Onset Preeclampsia in Association with Road Densities as a Proxy for Traffic-Related Air Pollution

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wu ◽  
Jean-Jacques Ries ◽  
Elena Proietti ◽  
Deborah Vogt ◽  
Sinuhe Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders In Pregnancy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Early Late

Introduction: Previous epidemiological studies indicate an association between maternal exposure to air pollution and an increased risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. We analyzed the association between the occurrence of mild/severe and early-/late-onset preeclampsia (PE) and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). Materials and Methods: Based on retrospective data, 50 pregnant women with PE were selected and matched with a control group of healthy pregnant women according to their age, parity, and number of fetuses. The total length of major roads around the women's home within a radius of 100, 200, 300, and 500 m and the distances from the domicile to the nearest ‘first class' main road and freeway were used as a proxy indicator of TRAP. We compared a PE subgroup and control group in terms of their exposure to TRAP. Results: Late-onset PE cases showed a significantly higher occurrence with density of major roads within a radius of 100-300 m compared to early onset cases (p = 0.006; 0.02; 0.04). In addition, a significantly shorter distance to the nearest ‘first class' main road was observed in late-onset PE cases (p = 0.0078). Conclusions: Exposure to TRAP during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk for the development of late-onset PE.

scholarly journals Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias ◽  
Domingo J. Ramos-Campo ◽  
Cristina Reche-García ◽  
Belén Leyva-Vela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Self Image

Anxiety, mood disturbance, eating and sleep disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image are prevalent disorders in women with fibromyalgia. The authors of this study aimed to determine the effects of tryptophan (TRY) and magnesium-enriched (MG) Mediterranean diet on psychological variables (trait anxiety, mood state, eating disorders, self-image perception) and sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia (n = 22; 49 ± 5 years old). In this randomized, controlled trial, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the placebo group. The intervention group received a Mediterranean diet enriched with high doses of TRY and MG (60 mg of TRY and 60 mg of MG), whereas the control group received the standard Mediterranean diet. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, Body Shape Questionnaire, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Profile of Mood States (POMS-29) Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test-26, and Trait Anxiety Inventory were completed before and 16 weeks after the intervention. Significant differences were observed between groups after the intervention for the mean scores of trait anxiety (p = 0.001), self-image perception (p = 0.029), mood disturbance (p = 0.001), and eating disorders (p = 0.006). This study concludes that tryptophan and magnesium-enriched Mediterranean diet reduced anxiety symptoms, mood disturbance, eating disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image but did not improve sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Eating Disorder Risk and Body Image Dissatisfaction among ROTC Cadets

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8137
Author(s):  
Allison Smith ◽  
Dawn Emerson ◽  
Zachary Winkelmann ◽  
Devin Potter ◽  
Toni Torres-McGehee
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Disorder Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Rotc Cadets ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
Disorder Risk

Injury risk is multifactorial including non-modifiable and modifiable factors such as nutrition and mental health. The purpose of this study was to estimate eating disorder risk and body image (BI) dissatisfaction among Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. A total of 102 (male: n = 75, female: n = 27; age: 20 ± 2 years) ROTC cadets self-reported height, current and ideal weight, and completed the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and self-perceived BI current and perceived sex-specific figural stimuli. The overall eating disorder risk for ROTC cadets was 32.4%. No significant differences were found when comparing sex, ethnicity, or military branch. Overall risk of pathogenic behaviors included 11.8% who reported binge eating; 8.8% who used laxatives, diuretics, or diet pills; 8.8% who exercised for >60 min to control their weight; and 8.8% who lost 9.1 kg or more within the last 6 months. We identified significant interactions (p ≤ 0.01) between sex of the solider, overall perceptions of male and female soldiers, and BI self-perceptions. The ROTC cadets in this study displayed eating disorder risk and BI dissatisfaction, which is concerning for tactical readiness, long-term behavioral health issues, and injury from pathogenic behaviors. Education and quality healthcare are necessary to mitigate the increased risk of eating and BI dissatisfaction within this population.

scholarly journals Self-compassion in the face of shame and body image dissatisfaction: Implications for eating disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia ◽  
Cristiana Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Challenges and results of a school-based intervention to manage excess weight among school children in Tunisia 2012–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihen Maatoug ◽  
Sihem Ben Fredj ◽  
Zeineb Msakni ◽  
Emna Dendana ◽  
Jihene Sahli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Obesity is a serious health issue and predisposes individuals to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence in children has increased worldwide. Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a school-based management program based on healthy lifestyle promotion for obese and overweight adolescents in Sousse, Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study among overweight and obese school children enrolled in 7th and 8th grades in Sousse, Tunisia with two groups, intervention and control. The 1-year intervention was based on promoting healthy eating and physical activity through a collective intervention for all recruited children and an individual intervention only for obese children who require intensive managing. Data collection was done before, at the end and at a 4-month follow up of the intervention, both in intervention and control groups. Results: The body mass index Z score decreased significantly from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1.89±0.57 to 1.76±0.63, p<0.001) and from post-intervention to the follow-up (1.76±0.63 to 1.55±0.68, p<0.001) in the intervention group. In the control group, it decreased significantly from pre-intervention to post-intervention but not significantly from post-intervention to follow-up assessment. Calorie intake decreased significantly both in intervention and control groups. Conclusion: This project began with introducing a new culture of health management in schools on one side and with increasing awareness of the importance of obesity prevention and treatment. The support of authorities for this type of action is very important to guarantee its sustainability.

scholarly journals Predictors of Condom Use Among Mexican Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Alvarez ◽  
Antonia M. Villarruel ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Esther Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Mexican adolescents continue to be at increased risk for HIV infection due to inconsistent condom use. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of condom use intentions and condom use among Mexican adolescents who participated in a randomized control trial designed to test a sexual-risk reduction intervention. Data from sexually active adolescents 17 to 21 years (n = 157) of age who were assigned to the control group were analyzed 48 months post intervention. Regression analysis showed that positive attitudes toward condoms, subjective norms, and control beliefs significantly explained intention to use condoms (R2 = .75, p < .001). Attitudes toward condoms (β = .67, p < .001), technical skills (β = .13, p = .01), and condom use self-efficacy (β = .24, p < .001) were significant predictors of condom use intention. Compared to those who inconsistently used condoms, adolescents who used condoms consistently had greater intention to use condoms and greater impulse control. Findings suggest that attitudes and control beliefs should be further explored with Mexican adolescents in order to support consistent condom use.

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