Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium among Qur’anic School Pupils in Zaria, Kaduna State

Community Based ◽

Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽

Age Range

Urinary schistosomiasis is a major public health problem particularly in developing countries and is associated with high morbidity. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among Qur’anic school pupils in Zaria, Kaduna State. One hundred and fifty-five (155) urine samples were collected from Qur’anic school pupils in Zaria. The samples were immediately transported to the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U), Zaria and processed using sedimentation technique. The ova of Schistosoma haematobium were detected in fifty-eight (58) samples giving a prevalence of 37.4%. The infection was highest in age group 10-12 years with 41.9%, followed by those in age range 13-15years (41.0%) while the least was observed among pupils between the ages of7- 9years (27.5%). Risk factors observed to be associated with schistosomiasis include; swimming in river or dam, fishing and place of laundry. The infection was associated with clinical signs and symptoms including abdominal pain, haematuria, painful and frequent urination. Regular community-based treatment should be conducted using anti-helminthic drugs to reduce urinary schistosomiasis. Key words: Prevalence, Schistosoma haematobium, Qur’anic school pupils, Zaria, Kaduna State

Clinico-epidemiological features of Japanese encephalitis patients hospitalized in a tertiary care center

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4548

Author(s):

Abu Hasan Sarkar ◽

Bishnu Ram Das

Keyword(s):

Japanese Encephalitis ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Complete Recovery ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Medical College ◽

One Year

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is of particular interest as it has a high morbidity and mortality. Neurological sequale is the most dreaded damage caused by JE. It is a preventable disease with specific interventions. The objective of the study was to study the demography, clinical profile and outcome of patients with Japanese Encephalitis admitted to the wards of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at Jorhat Medical College Hospital.Methods: Hospital based observational study for one year in Jorhat Medical College, Jorhat, Assam.Results: The mean age for JE was 32.25±27 years for male, 27.47±22 years for female and 29.94±24 years overall. Assessment of clinical signs and symptoms showed that fever and change in mental status were present in 100% of JE cases followed by neck rigidity in 79.3% and headache in 68.9%. 44.8% of JE cases had history of seizure, 37.9% had vomiting, 34.5% had irritability, 13.8% were unconscious. The peak of JE incidence occurred in the month of July (77.6%). Complete recovery was seen in 39.2%, followed by death in 32.6% and recovery with neurological sequalae in 28.2% at the time of discharge.Conclusions: Vigorous awareness activities should be carried out to sensitize people on prevention of JE.

A CRITICAL REVIEW ARTICLE ON PANDU W.S.R. ANAEMIA

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj3409092021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 2144-2150

Author(s):

Shivam Kumar Nigam ◽

Rita Singh ◽

Sanjay Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Review Article ◽

Global Public Health ◽

The World ◽

Global Public Health Problem

Pandu Roga is one of the diseases mentioned in Ayurveda characterized by the changes in the skin colour to white (Shweta), yellowish (Peeta), greenish (Harita) etc. which is one of the “Varnopalakshita Roga" i.e., a disease characterized by the change in the colour. The clinical condition of Pandu in Ayurveda can be co-related with Anaemia described in Modern Medical Science, due to the resemblance in the clinical signs and symptoms. In Modern Medicine, Pandu is a pale appearance which may be due to the decreased blood supply to the skin or de- creased visibility of oxyhemoglobin. Anaemia is a major global public health problem and the most prevalent nu- tritional deficiency disorder in the world. This article presents the Ayurvedic concept of Pandu Roga (Anaemia). Keywords: Pandu, Vyadhi, Srotas, Anaemia, Pallor,

Incidence, Pathogenesis, and Management of Sepsis

AACN Advanced Critical Care ◽

10.4037/15597768-2006-4005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 385-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruth M. Kleinpell ◽

Brian T. Graves ◽

Michael H. Ackerman

Keyword(s):

Severe Sepsis ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Assessment And Monitoring ◽

Evidence Based Guidelines ◽

Sepsis Care

Sepsis is a complex condition that occurs as a result of the systemic manifestation of infection. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality risks for critically ill patients. Assessment and monitoring aimed at early recognition and treatment, on the basis of evidence-based guidelines, are advocated for optimizing outcomes for patients with severe sepsis. Awareness of the risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, and updates in the management of sepsis can enhance the nursing care for patients with severe sepsis to promote best practices for sepsis care in the intensive care unit. This article reviews the incidence and pathophysiology of sepsis, highlighting updates in treatment and implications for nursing care.

A study on awareness on tuberculosis among urban slum population of Hyderabad

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205166 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 4941

Author(s):

Sai Ram A. ◽

Rama Krishna M. N. ◽

Sunil Pal Singh C.

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Slum Dwellers ◽

Inappropriate Treatment ◽

Data Compilation

Background: Tuberculosis a major public health problem in India with highest burden of cases. India accounts for about 24% of global prevalence, 23% of the global incidence cases and 21% of global TB deaths. Irregular and inappropriate treatment of persons with active TB, unawareness about TB symptoms and treatment course, illiteracy, may be the major hurdles for TB eradication.Methods: A cross sectional, community based study was conducted in urban slum dwellers (n=153). Data compilation and analysis: All the data collected was entered and analyzed with MS excel software 2007 and Epi info 3.5.3. All tests were considered significant at p<0.05 level.Results: 18.3% told that cough+expectoration+evening rise of temperature+weight loss are the signs and symptoms of TB. 55.5% know that it spreads through cough and sneezing mixed with air. 23.5% knows blood examination, sputum examination, x-ray is the mode of diagnosis of TB.Conclusions: Literacy plays major role in creating awareness on TB.

Infectious Diarrhea, as Public Health Problem, in Romania

Journal of Clinical Review & Case Reports ◽

10.33140/jcrc.06.03.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Content Volume ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Point Of View ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Family Doctors ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms

From medical point of view, “Diarrhea” is an alteration in a normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume, or frequency of stools. Acute diarrhea of infec¬tious etiology, often referred to as gastroenteri¬tis and is typically associated with clinical signs and symptoms including: nausea, vomiting, abdomi¬nal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal ur¬gency. Infectious diarrheal diseases are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the diarrhea we have also found out, during a large 3 yeas study 2017-2020 in Transylvania – Romania. 3577 number of cases were transmitted during this time, to our Public Health Center, by 12 district Sanitary Polices. These were mostly diagnosed by the territorial family doctors and more then 50%, have need hospitalization, for several days because of the mentioned disease disorders. The detected infectious etiology, were determined in authorized laboratories in which it was identified: Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Yersinia, Rotavirus, Giardia. Most number of cases appeared in children, followed by elderly or adult people, as quantified number of determination. In light of these data, acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue against which control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance and response in the field of infectious acute diarrhea include obligatory strategies of infection control.

Urinary schistosomiasis and iron deficiency anemia among Malian school children

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.30.3785 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (30) ◽

pp. 1845-1858

Author(s):

Mohamed Ayoya ◽

◽

KM Koné ◽

AK Traoré ◽

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

School Children ◽

Schistosoma Haematobium ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Capital City ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Sample Population ◽

Urinary Schistosomiasis

Anemia continues to be a major public health problem in many countries. The prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis, which contributes to anemia, often peak at school age adding to that age group’s nutrition and disease burdens. However, unlike malaria and hookworm infections, little is known on the role of urinary schistosomiasis in iron deficiency anemia. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and the effect of iron supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin (SF) levels among school children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Bamako, the capital city of Mali. A total of 150 anemic school children between 7 and 12 years were randomly assigned to receive either 40mg/kg of praziquantel or 40mg/kg of praziquantel (P) + daily 66 mg of iron (Fe), five days a week for three months. Hb and SF were measured at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks of the intervention. Only children who had complete Hb and SF data at each stage of the trial were included in the statistical analyses (n = 74 in the P+Fe group; n = 66 in the P group). At baseline, mean Hb (g/dl) was 10.53±0.93 in the P group and 10.47±1.17 in the Fe+P group; mean SF (µg/l) was 34.39±37.58 in the P group and 29.82±23.34 in the Fe+P group, and the prevalence of iron deficiency was 17.2%. At 6 and 12 weeks of the intervention, there was an important reduction in anemia and in iron deficiency in both treatment groups. Mean Hb (g/dl) was higher in the Fe+P group (11.63±0.88 and 11.55±0.94) than in the P group (11.14±0.98 and 10.84±0.86) at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. Mean SF (µg/l) was also higher in the P+Fe group (74.26±40 and 100.29±53.92) than in the P group(40.65±35.63 and 40.70±29.57) at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. In these Schistosoma haematobium infected children, iron deficiency was prevalent and treatments with P alone or in combination with Fe supplementation were able to increase hemoglobin and iron stores. Neither P nor P+Fe by alone completely reversed anemia in this sample population.

Infectious diarrhea, as public health problem, in Romania

Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports ◽

10.31579/2690-8794/070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

Liana Deac

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Content Volume ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Point Of View ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Family Doctors ◽

Clinical Signs And Symptoms

From medical point of view, “Diarrhea” is an alteration in a normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume, or frequency of stools. Acute diarrhea of infectious etiology, often referred to as gastroenteritis and is typically associated with clinical signs and symptoms including: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal urgency. Infectious diarrheal diseases are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is the diarrhea we have also found out, during a large 3 yeas study 2017-2020 in Transylvania – Romania. 3577 number of cases were transmitted during this time, to our Public Health Center, by 12 district Sanitary Polices. These were mostly diagnosed by the territorial family doctors and more than 50%, have need hospitalization, for several days because of the mentioned disease disorders. The detected infectious etiology, were determined in authorized laboratories in which it was identified: Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Yersinia, Rotavirus, Giardia. Most number of cases appeared in children, followed by elderly or adult people, as quantified number of determination. In light of these data, acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue against which control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance and response in the field of infectious acute diarrhea include obligatory strategies of infection control.

Towards a Functional Definition of Lumbar Vertebral Instability

Rivista di Neuroradiologia ◽

10.1177/197140090201500201 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 163-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G.B. Scarfò

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Axial Loading ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Neuroradiological Examination ◽

Definition Of ◽

Age Range

We attempted to define lumbar vertebral instability by investigating its characteristic biomechanical anomalies. The computed tomography “morphological” variations described, obtained with axial loading, are constant, reproducible, can be transformed into animations and are functionally significant. Ninety patients (47 men, 43 women; age range 21–80 years, mean 51 years) with a clinical diagnosis of vertebral instability underwent conventional non invasive neurophysiologic, radiological and neuroradiological examination. They also underwent axial loaded computed tomography (ALCT), the images of which were processed to obtain animations (cine-ALCT). Elementary and complex dynamic modifications (EDMs and CDMs) characterising “morphological” variations in the components of functional spinal units (FSUs) under load and their interactions are described case by case, and were found to match the respective individual clinical signs and symptoms well. Investigation by ALCT and cine-ALCT makes it possible to build a reliable and methodologically valid identikit of anomalous paraphysiological and sometimes clearly pathological functioning of this segment of the human spine, i. e. lumbar vertebral instability.

Clinical efficacy of ayurveda treatment modalities in the management of garbhashosh (intrauterine growth restriction): a systematic review

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20205051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 1878

Author(s):

Sarika T. Shinde

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Well Being ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Prime Concern

Concept of fetal well-being has gained importance in conventional science in recent era, but this concept of ‘supraja janana’ was a prime concern of Ayurveda since old era. Apart from prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major public health problem in most of the developing countries. While going through ayurved classics it is revealed that garbhashosh is one of the disease, which is comparable to intrauterine growth restriction in modern medicine. In Ayurveda various drugs and preparations have been described for treatment of garbhashosh. These drugs are comparatively safe without any unwanted side effects. Aim of this work was to review and meta-analyze the effictiveness of various ayurvedic treatment modalities for garbhashosh with respect to (w.r.t.) IUGR. An attempt to expand the concept of IUGR according to Ayurveda and to yield a flourishing result to this world-wide problem through Ayurveda, this topic has been selected for the study. Going through pathology and main clinical signs and symptoms, garbhashosh can be correlated with IUGR. It is observed that, total 5 clinical studies and 1 case study have been reported on management of IUGR by using classical formulations of Ayurveda. The results and observations obtained through demographical data, effect of therapy observed on the ultrasound parameters as well clinical parameters of garbhashosh w.r.t. IUGR were statistically significant. Results were obtained in favour of most of the ayurvedic formulations. Through this review it can be stated that bruhaniya gana sidha kshirbasti and kshirpan, shatavari kshirbasti, shatavaryadi kshirbasti, yashtimadhu vidari siddha kshirbasti, shatavari ashwagandha phalaghruta kshirbasti, can be given to a pregnant women with IUGR after completion of 28th weeks of gestation, without any complication either in mother or in child. It is cost effective as compared to modern drug.

Therapy for patients with asymptomatic and mild cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.52833.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 898

Author(s):

Joni Wahyuhadi ◽

Erwin Astha Triyono ◽

Christijogo Soemartono Waloejo ◽

Agus Harianto ◽

Halim Priyahau Jaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Total Sample ◽

Field Hospital ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Age Range

Background: Though coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been designated as a global pandemic, its nature as a viral infection means that it is essentially a self-limiting disease. We studied the application of symptomatic, isolation, relaxation, nutrition and observation (SIRNO) therapy in patients with asymptomatic and mild symptoms of COVID-19 at a rescue hospital in Indonesia. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 2122 patients who were admitted to Indrapura Field Hospital in Surabaya from 28 May 2020 to 20 September 2020. We analyzed demographic data, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory data, therapy and clinical outcomes. Result: The total sample of 2122 patients consisted of 1403 male patients (66.12%), and 719 female patients (33.88 %). The most common age range was 26-45 years, at 52.54% (1115 patients). The clinical symptoms of 1121 patients (52.8%) were asymptomatic, 977 patients (46%) had mild symptoms, and 24 patients (0.1%) had moderate symptoms. All patients received the SIRNO therapy method. From a total of 2122 patients, 1930 patients (90.9%) were cured, 181 patients (8.5%) are still being treated, seven patients (0.03%) were referred for indications of desaturation (SpO2 <94%), and four patients (0.01%) were moved to a referral hospital. Until 20 September 2020, the final date studied, there were no patient deaths. Conclusion: The SIRNO method provides excellent results in the management of COVID-19 at a rescue hospital for patients with asymptomatic and mild symptoms. Economic pharmacological research can initiate a follow-up study in order to objectively measure the effectiveness and efficiency of SIRNO treatment methods in patients with asymptomatic, mild symptoms of COVID-19, and the small number of 24 patients (0,.1%) with moderate symptoms.