Measurement Of Judicial Poverty

Justice is an important and functional part of the economy and positively influences the economic performance. Injustice would probably upset the poor more as it hurt the rich. This study identifies three major factors, which are the barriers to access to justice for the poor. Theoretically, this study contributes to defining the judicial demission of poverty and how to address it. On the other hand, this study will also help policymakers make and enforce the policies that can reduce the hurdles in access to justice. This study uses AF methodology, which counts different deprivations faced by individual/household, analyzed to identify poor. Primary data is collected from the district and session court Gujranwala through a self-administrative questionnaire. A total of 893 questions were asked from 112 respondents by adopting the weighted poverty measurement method. A weighted average score it is concluded that each of these three barriers contributes about 21% of the poverty level. This paper shows an overall 63% judicial poverty level, 1550 respondents were deprived of 2459 questions. This result is 13% more than 50% observed in MPI's weighted indicators (Akire, 2016). It is recommended that the topic should be further explored, particularly by the strong community of scholars, economists, and statisticians in Pakistan, by using these areas as a benchmark.

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OPTIMALISASI POTENSI DANA ZAKAT, INFAQ, SADAQAH DALAM PEMERATAAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO (Studi Kasus di Badan Amil Zakat Daerah Kab. Sukoharjo)

JURNAL ILMIAH EKONOMI ISLAM ◽

10.29040/jiei.v3i01.68 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Sumadi Sumadi

Keyword(s):

Participant Observation ◽

Human Life ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Safety Net ◽

Primary Data ◽

Goods And Services ◽

The Poor ◽

The Rich ◽

Qualitative Phenomenological

Economic activity is something that can not be separated from human life especially good for a country or region. Along with the times, of the needs of humans increase therefore the economy is continuously growing and changing. Islamic philanthropy has an important role in the economy. an instrument of philanthropy is the mechanism of transfer of the rich to the poor is right on target. At the same time, the Islamic philanthropy instrument acts as an effective social safety net. With the transfer of income from the rich to the poor, there will be an increase in demand for goods and services from the poor, who are generally basic needs. Judging from the type of funding source, Zakat, Infak, Sadaqah (ZIS) with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has the potential for enormous ZIS. The methodology in this study used a qualitative phenomenological approach, so that research results in accordance with the facts on the ground. Source of data derived from primary data and secondary data. While data collection techniques with in-depth interviews, documentary studies, as well as participant observation. Potential national charity reached 19.3 trillion. While Hafidhuddin (2010), said that the potential of zakat in Indonesia reached 80 trillion annually (this potential, before accounting for the funds infaq and sadaqah untapped in the community as a source of funds are voluntary sadaqah infaq. Potential Zakat, Infaq, Shodaqoh Sukoharjo regency of 1.6 M / year average of 30% in the form of zakat profession dominated by civil servants and the percentage of individuals still need to be improved and 70% is still a infaq shodaqoh ".Keyword: Infaq Zakat and Sadaqah Sukoharjo, Poverty

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Nagaland State Rural Livelihood Mission (NSRLM) And Sustainable Development: Some Field Based Evidences

Economic Affairs ◽

10.46852/0424-2513.1.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Giribabu, M.

Keyword(s):

Financial Services ◽

Development Program ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Ordinal Scale ◽

Primary Data ◽

Average Score ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Livelihood Security ◽

Rural Livelihood ◽

Security Index

The Nagaland State Rural Livelihood Mission (hereafter NSRLM) was established on the 13th of September, 2012 and is the implementing agency of NRLM in the State. It is the human development program aimed at poverty reduction by increasing the household income through sustainable livelihood and improved access to financial services. Primary data has been collected using convenience sampling method from 300 individual SHG members covering three districts, three blocks and six villages (50 respondents from each village). Six components of livelihood security have worked out and each component has been ranked for availability, accessibility, quality and status. Weighted average score has been calculated by scoring indicators on a five-point ordinal scale ranging from1 to 5 Measuring Livelihood Security Index. The study was found that except food security index the other security indices in all selected villages are in medium or low range and still they are living under sustainable in danger which emphasized the urgency to initiate and implement effective poverty alleviation and capacity building schemes in the entire state.

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Poverty Alleviation and Microfinance for the Economy of Pakistan: A Case Study of Khushhali Bank in Sargodha

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies8030063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Stylianou Tasos ◽

Muhammad Ijaz Amjad ◽

Masood Sarwar Awan ◽

Muhammad Waqas

Keyword(s):

Poverty Alleviation ◽

National Development ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Negative Association ◽

Primary Data ◽

Human Beings ◽

Poverty Level ◽

The Poor ◽

The World ◽

The Impact

Poverty is a universal reality, and no one can deny the omnipresence of it all over the world. It is considered as the most harmful economic and social problem of human beings since their creation. It affects individuals as well as society as a whole in a very destructive way, and it is considered that poverty is the mother of all human rights violations. Perhaps no one would argue against the notion that microfinance can be a very useful apparatus in human, social, economic, political and national development. Microfinance has been established to fill the gap of a missing credit market for the poor. Among all other anti-poverty strategies, it has become one of the most important and successful tools for poverty elimination throughout the world. In this study, we investigate the impact of microfinance on poverty alleviation for the economy of Pakistan. The literacy is very poor for the area of Pakistan, so our research will help policy makers in making the right decisions in order to help the people that are living below the poverty line. Primary data of 300 households from Khushhali Microfinance Bank Limited were collected. The findings reveal that microfinance imparts a vital role in poverty eradication where the poverty level has decreased from 42.67% in comparison household (CHH) to 29.33% in the program household (PHH). Finally, it unveils the fact that there is a negative association between the provision of microfinance and poverty level of the household. The availability of micro financing facilities to the poor has declined the poverty rate from 42.67 percent to 29.33 percent. The Logistic Regression model implies that poverty has a negative association with the duration of microfinance, education and existence of a market in the locality, whereas it is positively related to family size and gender of the respondent.

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A STUDY ON CONSUMERS' SATISFACTION TOWARDS ORGANIC FOOD PRODUCTS IN ERODE DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU

10.36106/gjra/2711615 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Ms.C.Gowthamisel vi ◽

A. Selvaraj

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Organic Food ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Food Products ◽

Well Being ◽

Primary Data ◽

Average Score ◽

Chi Square ◽

Organic Products ◽

Chi Square Analysis

Organic is a growing market throughout the world, as more and more people vegetables, cereals, pulses that are produced through the use of natural fertilizers. Even though there is a growing consciousness for health, well-being, consumers are still hesitant to consume organic products as they are not aware of the availability of organic food products and the belief that organic products are high priced and not purely organic. The study aims at understanding the consumer awareness and attitude towards organic food products. The objectives are to examine the organic consciousness, level of awareness, attitude, preference of the respondents and their valuable suggestions. For this study, primary data have been collected from 180 sample respondents by using convenient sampling method. Such collected data have been analysed with the help of various statistical tools like Simple Percentage Analysis, Chi-Square Analysis, Factor Analysis and Weighted Average score ranking analysis. The study suggests that proper offering products,at a proper price and quality, can increase the level of satisfaction of the consumers towards organic food products.

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Lawyers, the Legal Profession & Access to Justice in the United States: A Brief History

Daedalus ◽

10.1162/daed_a_00551 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 148 (1) ◽

pp. 177-189

Author(s):

Robert W. Gordon

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Access To Justice ◽

Legal Services ◽

Legal Professionals ◽

The Public ◽

Legal Advice ◽

The Poor ◽

History Of ◽

The Rich ◽

Business Entities

Ideally, justice is a universal good: the law protects equally the rights of the rich and powerful, the poor and marginal. In reality, the major share of legal services goes to business entities and wealthy people and the prestige and prosperity to the lawyers who serve them. This essay deals with the history of access to justice–chiefly civil justice–and with the role of lawyers and organized legal professions in promoting and restricting that access. In the last century, legal professionals and others have taken small steps to provide access to legal processes and legal advice to people who could not otherwise afford them. By doing so, they have inched closer to the ideals of universal justice. Though the organized bar has repeatedly served its own interests before those of the public, and has restricted access to justice for the poor, it has been a relatively constructive force.

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Editor's Note

Ethnic Studies Review ◽

10.1525/esr.2004.27.1.i ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. i-iii

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Public Education ◽

Economic Status ◽

Ethnic Origin ◽

Fair Use ◽

Good Education ◽

The Poor ◽

The Rich

In this election year, 2004, people are grappling with the various forces that make up these United States. What forces encourage inclusion and which exclusion? Who is to be included and who excluded? Is this to be a country with wide discrepancies between the rich and the poor? Is this to be a country where public education is poorly funded and a good education depends upon private resources? Are we going to forget that discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnic origin, and economic status still exists and needs to be perpetually, vigilantly addressed? There is a deep division in the country over the proper and fair use of our resources that constitutes concern in all our citizens

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THE APPLICATION OF PREVIEW, READ, WRITE, AND RECITE (PRWR) METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S ACHIEVEMENT IN READING RECOUNT TEXT

10.24114/reg.v3i2.1128 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rahmat Nasution And Rahmah

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Average Score ◽

First Year ◽

Generic Structure ◽

The Subject ◽

Minimum Criteria ◽

Main Ideas ◽

Orientation Test

The objective of this research is to find out whether the application Preview, Read,Write, and Recite (PRWR) method improve student’s achievement in readingrecount text. This research applied classroom action research model. This studywas done in six meetings. The subject of this study was first year of SMAN 1Delitua. Primary data were collected by giving 20 questions of multiple-choicetest, the aspects contained in the tests focused on generic structure, main ideas,factual information, and Secondary data were collected by (interview, observationsheet, and questionnaire sheet. Based on analysis data, it was found that thestudent’s achievement improved. It could be seen from the comparison of result inthe orientation test and the cycle test I and II. There were only 9 students who hadpassed minimum criteria KKM in orientation test (75). The improvement showedthat in cycle I and II, based on the total average score it was 16 (42,4%) up to 26(78,7%) in cycle II, The secondary data gathered from interview, observationsheet, and questionnaire sheet, showed that students’ expression and enthusiasticalso improved. Thus, it was found that the applications of Preview, Read, Write,and Recite (PRWR) method in process of teaching improved students’achievement in reading recount text. It is suggested that English teachers applyPRWR method in teaching reading recount text.

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A MODERN JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA: LEGAL BREAKTHROUGH OF E-COURT AND E-LEGAL PROCEEDING

JURNAL HUKUM DAN PERADILAN ◽

10.25216/jhp.9.2.2020.275-297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Dedi Putra

Keyword(s):

Supreme Court ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Access To Justice ◽

Judicial Reform ◽

Legal Service ◽

Literature Study ◽

Face To Face ◽

Legal Proceedings ◽

Digital Era

The implementation of court in Indonesia has not fulfilled as expected because any parties involving in court has a lack of capacity, consistency, and integrity to provide legal service seriously. Some people assume that court services are not still optimal. To settle the problems, the Supreme Court just has officially issued Regulation No. 1 of 2019 regarding the Administration of Cases and Legal Proceedings in Courts via Electronic Means on 8 August 2019. This regulation is believed as an appropriate solution to face those problems. To elaborate more, this study illustrates a judicial reform in Indonesia, e-court, and access to justice, the conception of e-court including the performance of e-court and its drawbacks and challenges in the digital era. The research method uses normative research by approaching legal review and literature study. The technique of primary data collection applies Supreme Court regulation while means of secondary data are collected from concept or theory as set out under bibliography. Judicial reform in Indonesia is indicated by issuing new regulation regarding e-Court and e-Litigation, the implementation e-Court itself has been attributed to 32 courts consisting of general religious, and state administrative courts. Through e-Court, access to justice more transparent and accessible. Besides, justice seekers have no worries regarding distance issues as of e-Court may allow them to fight in court without face to face. Parties have no doubt relating to the acceleration of court to settle any dispute in Indonesia.

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An Empirical Study of the Financial Mismanagement of Internally Generated Revenue in Ife South Local Government of Osun State, Nigeria

Think India ◽

10.26643/think-india.v19i2.7786 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 29-38

Author(s):

Adeola Ajayi

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Financial Management ◽

Town Planning ◽

Primary Data ◽

Revenue Generation ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

The Poor ◽

Local Government Level ◽

Government Level ◽

Descriptive Statistical Analysis

This study focused on financial mismanagement of Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) in Ife South Local Government. It also identified viable sources of revenue in the local government and examined problems militating against effective collection of revenue. This study was necessitated by the need to ensure increased revenue generation in Ife South local government of Osun State, Nigeria. Primary and secondary sources of data were utilized for the study. The primary data were collected through structured questionnaires. Respondents were selected from career officers in GL. 03-16 in departments and units of finance and supplies, administration, primary healthcare, agriculture, town planning and estate valuation of the local government, thus 180 respondents were sampled representing 29.31% of 614 staff strength of these departments and units of the local government. The questionnaires were administered using descriptive statistical analysis such as frequency and percentage value. The study revealed that there are many viable and non-viable sources of revenue in Ife South local government, the myriad of problems militating against effective collection of the revenue and the poor financial management of internally generated revenue which aptly explains why the local government could not be developed. The study concluded that the share of local government from the statutory allocation be increased, routine auditing and post-auditing from the supervising ministry should be encouraged at the local government level and that the local government should also intensify her effort on increase revenue generation in order to withstand the challenges posed by the current global economic crisis.

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Catch them Young : Role of Educational Institutions in Community Development- A Descriptive Study on the Perception of College Students in Chennai

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v14i6.11694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 170-182

Author(s):

Dr. R. Sundari ◽

Ms. Sangeetha Manoj

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

Collective Action ◽

Body Politic ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Well Being ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Average Score ◽

Academic Institutions ◽

Grass Root Level

Community Development is a process of collective action taken by the members of a community to generate solutions for common problems. The aspects of community well being namely Economic, Social, Environmental and Cultural well being evolves from this type of collective action taken at multiple societal levels. (Weaver, 1971) defines community development as a process of “A public-group approach dedicated to achieving the goals of the total body politic.” Therefore, it is evident that a community can be developed through the effective participation of citizens. It is universally acceptable that community service is a vehicle for safeguarding the environment that is initiated from the participants of the community. In order to imbibe the community consciousness among the citizens, every country should “Catch them Young”. The purpose of the paper is to integrate Participative Model (Active Citizenship, Citizen Networks and Co-production) with Self-service Model (Social Governance, Societal Discipline and Accountability). National and international reviews show that the perception about the community and realisation has to be ingrained at the grass root level; this can be achieved through the participation of academic institutions. This paper is an attempt to highlight. The initiatives taken by educational institutions to imbibe social consciousness, The perceptions of students about their role in community development, and, To identify the effective Private Public Partnership areas for community building Factor analysis has been applied to identify the role of educational institutions and individual citizen’s( Students) in building community consciousness. Linear Regression had been applied in the study to measure the influence of Educational Institutions on the role of Students in building the community. A weighted average score is awarded by the students for the potential areas of public private partnership for community development is highlighted. The results of the study provide an impact created by the institution over the students. The Study also, consolidates some of the successful community bonding and building activities carried out Academic Institutions.

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