scholarly journals ELECTRODEPOSITION OF SILVER THIN FILMS ON A GOLD SUBSTRATE IN THE PRESENCE OF OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM (Og) AND VERNONIA AMYGDALINA (Va) PLANT LEAF EXTRACTS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
R. E. Mfon ◽  
Z Al Amri ◽  
A Sarua
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Silver Film ◽  
Gold Substrate ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Silver Deposition ◽  
Silver Films ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Silver Thin Films ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Silver

Electrodeposition an advanced thin film deposition method originally used for decorative purposes and now widely used in industrial applications such as electronics, phonics, magnetic recording and protective coatings, has also been used for the production of size and structure-controlled nanoparticles. In this research, the electrodeposition of silver (Ag) films on gold (Au) substrates with two plant (Ocimum gratissimum (Og) and Vernonia amygdalina (Va) leaf extracts as additives was explored . The effect of these leaf extracts immediately after addition and after a prolonged exposure in the electrolyte on the silver deposits was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV).  Silver thin films were electrodeposited on gold film from an electrolyte of 5 mM AgNO3  and later 5 mM AgNO3 +0.1 M KNO3 for 10 minutes, using a double potential step protocol and potentials -0.15 V and -0.3 V with and without the  plant leaf extracts. As silver was grown on the gold substrate, silver nanoparticles were also discovered to have been formed in the electrolyte. Though the deposition potential in the presence of the plant leaf extracts affected the kinetics of the silver deposition on the gold substrate, it only slightly affected the silver film thickness on the gold.   CV graphs with the plant leaf extracts show lower current densities indicating a slowing down of the deposition/dissolution rates of silver probably due to the adsorption of the leaf extracts on the surface of the growing silver films which may have affected the transport of silver ions (Ag+) towards the electrode and impacted on the silver deposition/dissolution kinetics. The deposited silver film thickness was 7 nm to 8 nm with the Og leaf extract and 1.5 nm to 2 nm with the Va leaf extract. Atomic Force microscope (AFM) was used for viewing the silver films and the mean grain sizes of the Og silver films was calculated to be . This was larger than those of the Va silver films calculated to be While the Va silver films surface roughness was higher at 10.6 , that of the Og silver film was 9.3.

REVIEW ON ETHNOMEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVIDENCE ON LEAF EXTRACT OF PERSEA AMERICANA AND VERNONIA AMYGDALINA OF THE AFRICAN CONTINENT - A REVIEW

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
A Boadu ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
R Karpoormath ◽  
M. Nlooto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
English Language ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

People on the African continent frequently consume Persea americana and Vernonia amygdalina for food and medicinal purposes. The review is an effort to compile ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge is the above two plants from the year 2000 till now. A search was carried out using a combination of several keywords : Persea americana, Vermonia amygdalina, traditional medicine, ethnomedicine, avocado, bitter leaf and integrated approaches. Published papers in English language were retrieved from the online bibliographical databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library electronic databases. Findings from this review revealed that leaf extract of P. americana and V. amygdalina have been used in many local African communities for management of various diseases. Ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological properties of leaf extracts of P. americana and V. amygdalina may justify polyherbal formulation involving the two plants in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and other diseases.

Preliminary phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Turnera subulata Smith (Passifloraceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
◽  
S Vinotha ◽  
A Vijayan ◽  
Anand Gideon V ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Plant Leaf Extract

The investigation was carried out to determine the possible phytochemical constituents from aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts of Turnera subulata leaf extracts. Among the phytochemical screening of these extracts, Methanolic extract showed that the leaf was rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins and quinones. The chemical composition of the plant leaf extract of T. subulata was investigated using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (Agilent-7890A GC instrument coupled with MS-5975) and NIST-MS library. GC-MS analysis of T. subulata plant leaf extract, revealed the existence of the GC-MS chromatogram of the major peaks presented in methanolic extract like Methyl 8,11,14-heptadecatrienoate (23.244%), Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-,methyl ester (8.654%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (8.654%), 4H-Pyran4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (6.598%), 1b,4a-Epoxy-2H-cyclopenta[3,4] cyclopropa[8,9]cycloundec[1,2-b] oxiren-5(1aH)-one(5.400%), 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1- ol(5.400%), etc. From this study it is obvious that T. subulata leaf extract contains many biologically active compounds and also it gives a detailed insight about the phytochemical profile which could be exploited for the development of plant based drug.

Microwave-assisted green synthesis, characterization and adsorption studies on metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Ficus Benghalensis plant leaf extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (33) ◽  
pp. 14095-14102
Author(s):  
Arunkumar Lagashetty ◽  
Sangappa K. Ganiger ◽  
Preeti R. K. ◽  
Shashidhar Reddy ◽  
Malathesh Pari
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Plant Leaf Extract

Synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles by reduction with plant leaf extract is an eco-friendly method.

scholarly journals Histopathological effect of aqueous bitter leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina) on acetaminophen-induced liver damage in albino rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
C. O. Raimi ◽  
W. A. Oyelade ◽  
A. O. Iyanda
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Group 2

Liver diseases are a worldwide problem. Medicinal plants are being increasingly utilized to treat a wide variety of diseases, liver disorder inclusive. The effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on acetaminophen-induced liver damage via the assessment of the histopathological examination was examined. Five groups of albino rats were used (n = 5). Animals in group 1 were fed normal laboratory pellet and water ad libitum (Control); those in group 2 received 3000mg/kg of acetaminophen alone. Groups 3, 4 and 5 received 3000mg/kg of acetaminophen and in addition 50mg/kg Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract. 100mg/kg Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract and 200mg/kg Silymarin, respectively for 14 days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the animals were sacrificed. The organs (liver) was excised and used for the histopathological examination. Histological examinations of the liver showed acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Histology of the liver revealed altered cellular architecture (poor architecture, moderate to severe congestion of the portal vein as well as severe peri portal infiltration of inflammatory cells, the liver parenchyma also showed area with destroyed liver plates with severe hemorrhage and necrosis. The morphology of the hepatocytes showed some degenerated liver cells, the liver parenchyma also showed focal area of moderate aggregate of inflammatory cells) following administration of acetaminophen (Group 2). Normal histological features were restored after treatment with aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina. The study has demonstrated that aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina ameliorate liver of rats against acetaminophen-induced toxicity and modulates the adverse effects of acetaminophen on the liver

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Mediated by Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Leucas aspera and Morinda tinctoria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2706-2714
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Plant Leaf Extract ◽  
Morinda Tinctoria

Copper oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using the aqueous leaf extracts of Leucas aspera and Morinda tinctoria plant material with copper sulfate (CuSO4.5H2O) as the precursor. The crystalline nature and morphology of the synthesized sample were identified using XRD and SEM analytical instrumentation and found that the crystal was in the monoclinic phase, and the average particle size was estimated as 30.32nm and 18.72nm for both the samples. The functional groups were identified using FTIR spectroscopy, and the strong absorption peak at 620 cm-1 and 615cm-1 confirms the presence of Cu-O vibration. The optical bandgap of the plant leaf extract mediated CuO particles was calculated based on the results obtained from UV-Vis spectroscopy and found that the value of the energy gap is 5.6eV and 3.16eV. The antibacterial activity of plant samples was carried out by the disc diffusion method. The test compounds' concentrations were taken in DMSO and used in the concentration of 500 µg and 1000 µg /disc. The zone of inhibition formed by the prepared CuO nanoparticles was good and compared with Amikacin's standard value. The study reports the plant leaf extract mediated CuO nanoparticles might find suitable application in the field of nanotechnology.

Antibacterial Activities of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Puspa Julistia Puspita ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Nirmala Peni Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Herbal Plants

Piper crocatum is one of medicinal herbal plants with a large number of benefits. Usually herbal plants have activity as antibacterial agent. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to obtain information on antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum againts four types of bacteria, in that Staphylococcus, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and then to analyze the phytochemistry of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum. The leaves of Piper crocatum were extracted by maceration and reflux using ethanol 30%. The assays of the antibacterial activities and phytochemistry on the extracts were carried out using the method of Maria Bintang. Results showed that the yield of the extraction using ethanol by maceration method was 20.8%. Meanwhile, using the reflux method, the yield was obtained about 26.25%. The phytochemistry analysis showed that the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum contained alkaloid, steroid and tanin. According to this study, it was found that the leaf extract of Piper crocatum can be used to inhibit the growth of B. subtilis and P. aeuruginosa, but can not inhibit the growth of E.coli and S. aureus.

Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
O. Uyi, ◽  
I.G. Amolo ◽  
A.D. Adetimehin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN HAMA Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera : Bruchidae)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Yustina M.S.W Puu ◽  
Hildegardis Nalti Nansi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Contact Poison ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Callosobruchus Chinensis is a pest that damages mung bean seeds in storage and causes damage to both the quality and quantity of seeds. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf extracts in suppressing the development of the Callosobruchus Chinensis pest as one of the postharvest pests in the commodity green beans. This research conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The concentration of neem leaf extract treatment is 0 ml / l, 25 ml / l, 30 ml / l, 35 ml / l, and 40 ml / l. The results showed that the concentration of neem leaf extract 40 ml / l caused mortality of C. Chinensis imago as contact poison by 99% and nerve poison by 47%. While the effectiveness of the limb leaf extract on spawning activity was 86%.

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