Options for improving evacuation: Investigating an unconventional strategy and expanding route options using TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Abel Lewis, PhD ◽  
Sandra Onyejekwe, MS ◽  
Garlin Wynn, MS ◽  
Brandon Mosley, MS
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evacuation Plans ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Base Study ◽  
Citizen Response ◽  
Departments Of Transportation ◽  
Intensive Growth

Various agencies including state departments of transportation, emergency management offices, a municipal works agency, or a highway patrol agency may prepare evacuation plans. Storm strength and landfall predictions determine procedures and strategies. Studies have been conducted that examined various methods considering evacuees’ behaviors, traffic control, safety, and preferential routing. The occasions when a hurricane is imminent require residents to make a choice between sheltering-in-place or evacuating. Tremendous growth is anticipated in many US coastal communities and that will place greater pressure on evacuation strategies in future years. Given the inevitability of future hurricane evacuations and the intensive growth projections for US coastal areas, this research examines evacuation options with a focus on the Houston-Galveston region. The research examines two scenarios using the TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System simulation model which relies on a GIS base. Study results showed that both scenarios perform well as alternative options for inclusion in regional planning. It is recommended that these two scenarios be included in the array of responses available for decision makers depending on the myriad of variables—citizen response, congestion levels on the roadways and location, and prediction of an impending storm. The options may be applied independently or in concert with other strategies.

scholarly journals Foresight for income and employment: What can we learn for agricultural research for development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Kruseman ◽  
Ahmad Dermawan ◽  
Mandiaye Diagne ◽  
Dolapo Enahoro ◽  
Aymen Frija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
The Future

Challenges related to poverty, hunger, nutrition, health, and the environment are widespread and urgent. One way to stress the urgency of making the right decisions about the future of the global food systems now is to better understand and more clearly articulate the alternative scenarios that food systems face. Developing, synthesizing, and presenting such alternatives to decision makers in a clear way is the ultimate goal of e CGIAR Foresight team.No single source of information focuses regularly and systematically on the future of food and agriculture, and challenges facing developing countries. Our work aims to fill that gap with a focus on agricultural income and employment.group systematically collects information about past, on-going and planned foresight activities across CGIAR centers and their partners, spanning the global agricultural research for development arenaWe present a comprehensive overview and synthesis of the results of relevant foresight research, which through the tagging with metadata allows for customized investigations in greater detail. The cross-cutting nature of this work allows for a more comprehensive picture and assessments of possible complementarities/trade-offs.Potential users of this report and associated activities include CGIAR science leaders and scientists as well as the broader research community, national and international development partners, national governments and research organizations, funders, and the private sector.The approach developed by the CGIAR foresight group is used to make foresight study results accessible across organizations and domains in order to aid policy and decision makers for strategic planning. The approach allows visualization of both the available information across multiple entry points as well as the identification of critical knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals ETOS KERJA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN KECIL KELURAHAN BAGAN DELI, BELAWAN, MEDAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Eko Prasetyo Ritanto
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Cultural Behavior ◽  
Ship Owner ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov

The fishing community is a social element that is very important in the structure of coastal communities which they had colored cultural characteristics and socio-cultural behavior of coastal communities in particular that of Bagan Deli, Belawan, Medan. This study views their work ethic differences between the shipmen/crew, skipper/captain and ship owner that caused the differences of their social stratification. Using a qualitative method and non-parametric statistical analysis of kolmogorov smirnov, this study results that the work ethic among the crew and skipper there has no differences, whereas between the crew and the skipper with the owners there are differences in higher ethic.

scholarly journals Assessment on CPR Knowledge and AED Availability in Saudi Malls by Security Personnel: Public Safety Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Samer A. Al Haliq ◽  
Omar M. Khraisat ◽  
Mohamed A. Kandil ◽  
Mohammed A. Al Jumaan ◽  
Faris M. Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Association ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
The People ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
External Defibrillator

Security personnel are the first ones who attend the scene in the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) at malls. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is not enough for those patients; they need an automated external defibrillator (AED) to bring the heart to function normally. This study aimed to assess the current status of CPR and AED knowledge and availability in Saudi malls by security personnel. Using a descriptive design, a study was conducted at seven malls located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Two hundred and fifty participants were surveyed using the American Heart Association (AHA) 2015 guidelines to assess CPR and AED knowledge and availability in Saudi malls. The sample mean age was 32.60 years (SD = 10.02), and 87% of participants were working as security personnel. The majority of the participants had not received training about CPR and AED (75.8% and 95.2%, respectively). Common misconceptions are fallen into all categories of CPR and AED knowledge. Correctly answered statements ranged from 7.2% in the compression rate to 24.2% in hand placement. The study results indicated a poor training knowledge of CPR and AED in public settings. Integrating high-quality CPR and AED knowledge within the school and college curricula is a vital need. However, in order to maximize the survival rate, it is important to set laws and legislation adopted by stakeholders and decision makers to advocate the people who try to help, mandate AED installation in crowded places, and mandate teaching hands-only CPR and AED together as a package.

scholarly journals The Joint Arabic Investments Role at Aqaba Special Economic Zone: Marsa Zayed as a Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Hanem Rajab Ibrahem Al-Darwesh
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Special Economic Zone ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Random Survey

The study addressed the role of Arabic investments in Aqaba special economic zone (ASEZ), and tried to answer the following questions: are the necessary potentials and features available in (ASEZ) to provide an attractive investment climate for the Arabic investments, what is the level of policies effectiveness for improving the investment climate in (ASEZ) to attract the Arabic investments, what is the level of guarantees effectiveness provided by (ASEZ) to encourage Arabic investments, and what is the level of investment privileges and facilities, related to the investments provided by (ASEZ) to attract the Arab investment to it. Data were collected through one study tool that consisted of 30 paragraphs by using Likert fifth scale. Study importance comes from its benefit to decision makers at (ASEZ) to avoid some of the pitfalls and barriers that face the investment in it, where the descriptive analytical approach was used to calculate the arithmetic means, standard deviations, percentages, and T-test on paragraphs of the questionnaire that was distributed by the simple random survey method. Study results showed the existence of distinctive characteristics within the investment climate at (ASEZ), and also concluded that (ASEZA) plays a big role in attracting Arabic investments to Aqaba, the study in return arrived to the existence of some barriers that limit the Arabic investments attraction to Aqaba, the most important of those are: management problems, multiple decision making parties, bureaucratic, and routine. The study recommended to reformulate operation of the united investment window, in a way that makes it a role model, to repair the internal house of government institutions and agencies dealing with investment, entrepreneurship or projects, and train staffs to facilitate the procedures offers for foreign investors, which encourage them to establish their projects there and improve the image of Jordan as an attractive country for investment and investors.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE KEY-CHALLENGES IN COASTAL ENGINEERING

2018 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Iñigo J. Losada ◽  
Paula Camus ◽  
Alexandra Toimil ◽  
Antonio Espejo ◽  
Cristina Izaguirre
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Coastal Systems ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Coastal engineers play a leading role in assessing climate change impacts in coastal and low-lying areas and in the design and implementation of adaptation solutions to build resilient coastal systems. Given the continuous growth of coastal communities and assets along the world coastlines, the need to protect and preserve natural and socioeconomic coastal systems and the escalating impacts of climate change (Wong et al. 2014), there is an urgent demand by decision makers for coastal engineering practice dealing with risk assessment and adaptation under high levels of uncertainty.

Effective Safety Improvements Through Low-Cost Treatments

2000 ◽  
Vol 1734 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapan K. Datta ◽  
David Feber ◽  
Kerrie Schattler ◽  
Sue Datta
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The City

A vast majority of traffic crashes in urban areas occur at signalized intersections. Roadway geometry, traffic control, adjacent land uses, and environmental factors at intersections often contribute to the high incidence of traffic crashes and injuries. A public-private partnership project to identify high-crash and high-risk locations in the city of Detroit was initiated in 1996. Eighteen candidate sites were selected, and an extensive engineering study was conducted to develop countermeasures to help alleviate the traffic crash problem at the selected sites. The Automobile Association of America, Michigan, was the private partner in this joint venture and, in partnership with the city of Detroit, was a major contributor to covering the cost of improvements. The selection of countermeasures was based on state-of-the-art methodology and analysis, and implementation of the selected countermeasures at some of the sites was undertaken as the initial phase of the project. A comprehensive before-and-after evaluation study was performed at three of the improved sites. The study revealed that the safety improvements that were implemented lowered both crash and severity experience. The differences between the before and after crash frequencies proved to be statistically significant. Additionally, a benefit-cost analysis at the study locations indicated extraordinary results. This research presents the evaluation study results and discusses the countermeasures and improvements that were the most successful in mitigating traffic crash problems at the selected study locations.

Effect of density feedback on the two-route traffic scenario with bottleneck

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1650058
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Sun ◽  
Zhong-Jun Ding ◽  
Guo-Hua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
Traffic Scenario ◽  
Good Advice

In this paper, we investigate the effect of density feedback on the two-route scenario with a bottleneck. The simulation and theory analysis shows that there exist two critical vehicle entry probabilities [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. When vehicle entry probability [Formula: see text], four different states, i.e. free flow state, transition state, maximum current state and congestion state are identified in the system, which correspond to three critical reference densities. However, in the interval [Formula: see text], the free flow and transition state disappear, and there is only congestion state when [Formula: see text]. According to the results, traffic control center can adjust the reference density so that the system is in maximum current state. In this case, the capacity of the traffic system reaches maximum so that drivers can make full use of the roads. We hope that the study results can provide good advice for alleviating traffic jam and be useful to traffic control center for designing advanced traveller information systems.

Train traffic control at suburban sections

2017 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Alexey Kotenko ◽  
Andrey Grachev ◽  
Timofey Shmanev
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Service Organization ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Schedule Modification

Objective: There is a necessity to determine an approach to the development of train traffic control theory at suburban sections, on the basis of the analysis of conventional methods of train traffic control and service situations. Methods: Simulation methods, design theory and train traffic graphing were applied in the study. Results: The possibility of developing the conventional method of commuter service organization on railroads was demonstrated by means of a new data modeling approach, underlying the system of traffic handling capacity of suburban districts. It was shown, that the basis of such a technology is a train schedule modification. It was established that the schemes on selecting schedule modification, compiled in accordance with the standard methodology, may in some cases present the solutions different from conventional. It was concluded that an unexpected result might be achieved in case of simultaneous alteration of both the initial length of suburban zones and initial number of zone trains, that is zone schedule modeling, and elements of traffic schedule within regions, assigned in accordance with its periods and called configurations. The necessity in determination and modeling of configurations was justified by practical demand in traffic volume account of different types of trains at suburban sections. The simplest example of schedule modification and capacity values response to mutual position of trains and schedule elements in configurations was introduced. Practical importance: New theoretical conclusions, obtained as a result of the analysis of suburban areas’ length modeling results, the number of zone suburban trains and their position in configurations along with freight and passenger trains, provide justification of and scientific background for efforts of creating a new methodology of train traffic control at suburban sections. Such a methodology, built on the principles of zone schedule integrated modeling and the introduced traffic schedule configurations, makes it possible to considerably increase the flexibility of commuter service organization, achieve the reduction of passenger time spent on a trip and train expectation with guaranteed execution of the fixed schedule. According to the conducted analysis, the introduced approach may have positive influence on the capacity of suburban sections as well.

Research and Application of SOA-Based Simulation System Used in Hydropower Project

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 951-957
Author(s):  
De Yun Meng ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Yi Hao
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Visual Simulation ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Design Of Algorithms ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Project Construction

In the field of hydropower project, the overabundance of information from multiplex data sources has forced managers and decision makers to spend much time dealing with information they need. Therefore the research on project simulation system is quite necessary. If system can provide some construction plan and schedule of the project properly, it will greatly improve the effectiveness of the plan. After the analysis of specific projects’ process and demands, this paper puts forward a visual simulation solution to large-scale hydropower construction, which including visual simulation model, design of algorithms and system implementation. Based on SOA structure, the optimization model and the simulation results’ 3D visualization are provided and a virtual three-dimensional world of the complicated coordinal construction process is proposed, with the advantage of direct viewing and real-time interactive, facilitating effective technical support for the decision of project construction design, and greatly enhancing the information level of design and organization of large-scale hydropower projects.

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