STUDY ON MARKETING PATTERN OF APPLE CULTIVATION IN KASHMIR VALLEY, INDIA

An attempt has been made in this paper to evaluate the price spread of apple in the state of Jammu and Kashmir; the study is confined to Baramulla and Pulwama district with 35 growers, who were selected randomly from six selected villages considered to collect the required information. The primary data were collected from the apple growers through personal interview method with the help of well prepared pre tested schedule for the year 2019-20. For the present study 4 marketing channel were identified for the transaction of apple i.e.; Producer - Aratiya - Wholesale - Retailer - Consumer; Producer - Pre-harvest Contractor - Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer, Producer - Post-harvest - Contractor -Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer and Producer - Commission Agent - Wholesaler – Retailer - Consumer. Thus it can be concluded that the apple business in Kashmir is more remunerative. This enterprise is not only profitable and financially viable but also provides employment to large number of people in the valley area. The area and production of the apple is increasing at the fast rate, but the various defects of the existing marketing system results in the least share to the producer. Net return from the apple business can further be increased if the problems and defects of existing marketing system as stated above are taken care of. It can also be concluded that apple growing is more beneficial on all producers.

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Marketing Efficiency of Different Marketing Channel of Mustard Crop in Swai Madhopur District of Rajasthan

Economic Affairs ◽

10.46852/0424-2513.1.2021.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mukesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Market Efficiency ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Primary Data ◽

Personal Interview ◽

Interview Method ◽

Company Limited ◽

Marketing Efficiency ◽

Mustard Crop ◽

Harvest Year ◽

Price Spread

An attempt has been made to study the Comparative Marketing Efficiency of different marketing channel with reference of mustard crop in Swai Madhopur district of Rajasthan. The study was conducted in Chauth Mata Agro Producer Company Limited; Chauth ka Barwada blocks in Swai Madhopur district. For each selected randomly villages, a separate list of mustard growing farmers was prepared and 80 farmers, processor, retailers, wholesaler and consumers were selected. The primary data were collected from the mustard producers and market functionaries through personal interview method with the help of well prepared schedule and questionnaire for the production and post-harvest year for Rabi mustard 2017-18. The market efficiency of FPOs and Non FPOs channel worked out to be 1.23 and 1.09, respectively. Price spread of FPOs and Non FPOs channel work out to be 43.19 and 46.11 percent, respectively. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee of FPOs and Non FPOs channel out to be 55.86 and 52.71 percent, respectively. The market margin and marketing cost of FPOs channel works out less than the Non FPOs marketing channel. According to finding of this study Farmer Producer Organisations channel were found to be more relevant and profitable for farmers.

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Fish Marketing System in Southern Bangladesh: Recommendations for Efficient Marketing

Our Nature ◽

10.3126/on.v12i1.12254 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mir Mohammad Ali ◽

Md. Mosaddequr Rahman ◽

Md. Yeamin Hossain ◽

Md. Zillur Rahman ◽

Md. Alomgir Hossen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Carp ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Primary Data ◽

Secondary Source ◽

Marketing System ◽

Private Funding ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Fish Market ◽

Fish Marketing

This study aimed to explore the marketing channel, marketing cost and marketing margin and problems associated with fish marketing in order to provide recommendations for efficient fish marketing system in Barisal city, southern Bangladesh. Data were collected from seven fish markets of Barisal, southern Bangladesh including Port road fish market, Taltoli bazar fish market, Chaumatha fish market, Notullabad bus stand fish market, Kasipur bazar fish market and Bazar road fish market. Both primary and secondary data were used during 1 year study period from May, 2011 to April, 2012. Primary data were collected through field surveys and pre-structured questionnaire was used for interviewing of 10 organizers, 20 aratdars (commission agent), 50 fish traders and 100 consumers. Secondary source of information consists of published materials such as journals, textbooks, newspapers and also from interviewing different government and non-government officials and members of various fisheries related cooperative societies. The results of this study revealed 11 fish marketing channels in Barisal city’s fish marketing system. The average marketing cost ranged from 4.15% to 8.33% (6.76±0.98) % of the final retail price. The highest and lowest average fish price were recorded as USD 7.07/kg and USD 1.03/kg for giant fresh water prawn and silver carp, correspondingly. Intermediaries’ marketing margin on different species’ marketing fluctuated from 29.6% to 50.28% (39.38±5.22) % for silver carp and brown shrimp marketing, respectively. Establishment of modern fish landing center and retail markets near the fish landing port, introduction of government fish shops and insulated and refrigerated fish vans and fish carriers, training of all personnel related to fish marketing about fish handling, quality of fish, hygiene practices, improvement of existing fish market structure, provision for government and private funding assistance for fishers/fish farmer, formulation and enactment of independent act/ordinance for fish landing and marketing are highly recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12254Our Nature (2014), 12(1): 28-36

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Marketing Efficiency and Value Chain Analysis: The Case of Garlic Crop in Bangladesh

American Journal of Trade and Policy ◽

10.18034/ajtp.v4i1.411 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 7-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽

K. M. Khalequzzaman

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Transportation Cost ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Transport Cost ◽

Primary Data ◽

Value Chain Analysis ◽

Value Addition ◽

Randomized Sampling ◽

Commission Agent

Garlic is a highly profitable crop and is largely used both in medicinal and culinary purposes. The study was undertaken to determine marketing system, marketing cost, marketing margin, marketing efficiencies and to examine the value chain of garlic aiming to determine the value addition in different steps of garlic marketing. A purposive and simple randomized sampling procedure was used in selecting primary data. Marketing margin, profit, efficiency ratio, value addition etc. were calculated by different relevant equations and formulas. Four major marketing channels were identified for domestic produced garlic marketing. Channel-3 was the most important supply chain through which 40% domestic produced garlic reaches to consumers. Marketing margin and profit were the highest in retailer than those of other intermediaries. Out of four marketing channel, Channel-2 was more efficient than those of other channels. Six actors like; farmer, local trader, trader, commission agent, wholesaler, retailer and consumer are identified who are involved in the garlic value chain activities. Retailer added highest amount of value per unit of garlic and that of the lowest in wholesaler. Eleven marketing problem were identified, among them price fluctuation, high transport cost and lack of loan facilities were the major problem. It is therefore, recommended that Government intervention is urgent necessary to stabilize the price of garlic, loan facilities should be provided to the intermediaries and transportation cost should be kept reasonable.

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Agricultural marketing and food safety in China: a utility perspective

Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies ◽

10.1108/jadee-02-2013-0009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

David L. Ortega ◽

Colin G. Brown ◽

Scott A. Waldron ◽

H. Holly Wang

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Marketing System ◽

Agricultural Marketing ◽

Content Type ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Time Form ◽

Made In ◽

Chinese Food

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore Chinese food safety issues by analysing select incidents within he Chinese agricultural marketing system. Design/methodology/approach – A marketing utility framework is utilized to discuss some of the major food safety incidents in China and potential solutions are explored. Findings – The paper finds that food safety issues arise from problems of asymmetric information which leads to the profit seeking behaviour of agents distorting rather than enhancing the creation of one of the four types or marketing utility (time, form, place and possession). Additionally, structural causes found within the Chinese food marketing system have contributed to the food safety problems. Research limitations/implications – This is not an empirical research with numerical data. Originality/value – This study is one of the first to address Chinese food safety problems from an agricultural marketing utility perspective. Key anecdotes are used to support the claims made in this study.

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The Impact of Social Capital on Human Wellbeing: Empirical Evidence from Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan)

NICE Research Journal ◽

10.51239/nrjss.v0i0.75 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 130-155

Author(s):

Fozia Munir ◽

Mirajul Haq ◽

Syed Nisar Hussain Hamadani

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Central Place ◽

Jel Classification ◽

Primary Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Empirical Estimates ◽

The Subject ◽

Basic Hypothesis ◽

The Impact

Maximization of wellbeing is the exceedingly targeted objective that conventional economics going forward. Keeping in view its central place, economists developed well-structured models and tools in order to measure and investigate wellbeing. In received literature, on the subject, various factors have been investigated that affecting wellbeing. However, wellbeing which is viewed from different approaches and is of a different form is not shaping equally with different types of factors. In this context, this study is an attempt to investigate how subjective wellbeing is affecting by social capital. The basic hypothesis is that “individual wellbeing moves parallel with its social capital”. The hypothesis is empirically tested using primary data set of 848 individuals collecting form Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan). The empirical estimates indicate that keeping other factors constant, an individual that embodied more social capital enjoy more wellbeing in their life. JEL Classification: B24, I30, C43

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ANALISIS FINANSIAL DAN PEMASARAN DALI NI HORBO

Jurnal Agrilink ◽

10.36985/agrilink.v9i2.434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 107-118

Author(s):

Nelly M. R. Sinaga ◽

A. Effendi Lubis ◽

Fintarius Lafau

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Total Sample ◽

Buffalo Milk ◽

Primary Data ◽

Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽

Location Selection ◽

Marketing Efficiency ◽

Price Spread

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui: finansial usaha pengolahan susu kerbau menjadi Dali ni horbo, saluran pemasaran Dali ni horbo dan efisiensi pemasaran Dali ni horbo. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sabungan Ni Huta, Kecamatan Ronggur Ni Huta, Kabupaten Samosir, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) dengan pertimbangan bahwa lokasi tersebut merupakan salah satu penghasil susu kerbau dan Dali ni horbo di Kabupaten Samosir. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 46 orang Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis nilai R/C ratio, Return On Inestment (ROI), deskriptif kuantitatif serta analisis marketing margin, price spread dan share margin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan susu kerbau menjadi Dali ni horbomenghasilkannilai R/C sebesar 1.76 dan ROI sebesar 76.21 % dengan arti bahwa usaha Dali ni horbo menguntungkan sekaligus layak untuk diusahakan. Saluran pemasaran Dali ni horbo diDesa Sabungan Ni Huta, Kecamatan Ronggur Ni Huta, Kabupaten Samosir terdiri dari 2 saluran. Saluran I yaitu : Pengolah Dali ni horbo(Produsen) ® Rumah Makan ® Konsumen, sedangkan saluran II yaitu : pengolah Dali ni horbo(Produsen) ® Pedagang Pengecer ® Rumah Makan ® Konsumen. Efisiensi pemasaran pada saluran I sebesar 15,00 %, sedangkan saluran pemasaran II sebesar 20,00 %. Kedua efisiensi pemasaran tersebut lebih kecil dari 50 %, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pemasaran Dali ni horbo untuk saluran I dan II tergolong efisien. Saluran pemasaran I lebih efisien dibandingkan saluran pemasaran II. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to find out: (1) financial of buffalo milk processing business into Dali ni horbo, (2) Dali ni horbo marketing channel and (3) marketing efficiency of Dali ni horbo. The study was conducted in the Sabungan Ni Huta Village, Ronggur Ni Huta District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province. The location selection was carried out deliberately (purposive) with the consideration that the location was one of buffalo milk producers and Dali ni horbo in Samosir Regency. The type of data used are primary data and secondary data with a total sample of 46 people. The data analysis method used is the analysis of R / C ratio, Return On Investment (ROI), quantitative descriptive analysis and marketing margin analysis, price spread and share margin.The results showed that the processing of buffalo milk into Dali ni horbo produced an R / C value of 1.76 and an ROI of 76.21% with the meaning that the business of Dali ni horbo was profitable as well as worth the effort. The Dali ni horbo marketing channel in Sabungan Ni Huta Village, Ronggur Ni Huta District, Samosir Regency consists of 2 channels. Channel I, namely: Processors Dali ni horbo (Producers) ® Restaurants ® Consumers, while channel II namely: processors Dali ni horbo (Producers) ® Retailers ® Restaurants ® Consumers. Marketing efficiency in channel I was 15.00%, while marketing channel II was 20.00%. Both marketing efficiencies are smaller than 50%, so it can be said that Dali ni horbo marketing for channels I and II is classified as efficient. Marketing channel I is more efficient than marketing channel II.

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FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENGHAPUSAN DANA TALANGAN HAJI DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (Studi Kasus ex BNI Syariah Indralaya)

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah (JIMPA) ◽

10.36908/jimpa.v1i2.35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 177-184

Author(s):

Ahmad Ichsan ◽

Choirunnisak Choirunnisak ◽

Meriyati Meriyati

Keyword(s):

Main Product ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Research Data ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Waiting List ◽

Primary Data ◽

Interview Method

This research was motivated when the policy of eliminating hajj bailouts was lowered, it made researchers want to know the factors of eliminating hajj bailouts at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BNI Syariah Indralaya), as well as how the solutions for customers provided by Bank Syariah Indonesia (BNI Syariah Indralaya) related to the elimination of hajj bailouts. This study aims to analyze the abolition of hajj bailouts at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BNI Syariah Indralaya). This research is descriptive using a qualitative approach. This research data uses primary data. To explore relevant data, the writer uses the interview method, after the data has been collected, it is analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the elimination of hajj bailouts was due to hajj bailouts that were not the main product, hajj bailout products were not profitable, and the high waiting list for prospective hajj pilgrims. The solution provided by the bank is the introduction of the iB Hasanah Savings product.

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Implementasi Sistem Bagi Hasil Mudharabah pada Koperasi Serba Usaha Amanah Desa Bunobogu Kecamatan Bunobogu Kabupaten Buol

Al-Buhuts ◽

10.30603/ab.v14i01.419 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 109-126

Author(s):

Abdul Latif

Keyword(s):

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Revenue Sharing ◽

Profit Sharing ◽

Primary Data ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Made In

This study aims to determine the system for the results of Mudharabah on Business Multipurpose Cooperative (KSU) Amanah Desa Bunobogu with Qualitative Descriptive Analysis method. This study uses primary data sources and secondary data relating to the annual revenue sharing system Mudharabah (2010-2014). The results of this study indicate that the profit sharing system is implemented by the Multipurpose Business Cooperative (KSU) Amanah Desa Bunobogu in the form of Mudharabah financing. With a guarantee statement on the process akadnya. In the event of negligence made by members who resulted in his business losing the goods made in the guarantee will be seized by the cooperative. Businesses that are established by members are mostly small and medium enterprises so often encountered bookkeeping that is not clear and just make a budget booklet at random. However, it does not become alaasan and hamper the growth of cooperatives which each year has increased the remaining results of operations. Unclear budget bookkeeping can result in member earnings manipulation, by lowering the profits earned and the effect on the revenue share installments

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ANALISIS USAHA DAN PEMASARAN GULA SEMUT DI DESA HARGOTIRTO, KECAMATAN KOKAP, KABUPATEN KOKAP

SEPA Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis ◽

10.20961/sepa.v16i1.22470 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Mega Nugraheni Apriza Putri ◽

Raden Kunto Adi ◽

Isti Khomah

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Brown Colour ◽

Business Analysis ◽

Marketing Efficiency ◽

The Cost ◽

Benefit Cost ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Made In

Gula semut adalah produk inovatif dari pengolahan nira kelapa dalam bentuk bubuk atau butiran bewarna kuning sampai cokelat. Sebanyak 433.820 kg produksi gula semut dibuat di Desa Hargotirto. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan usaha, pola saluran pemasaran, biaya, keuntungan, marjin pemasaran, dan efisiensi pemasaran secara ekonomi masing-masing saluran pemasaran di Desa Hargotirto. Metode dasar yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Metode penentuan lokasi secara purposive di Desa Hargotirto, Kecamatan Kokap, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode pengambilan responden secara random dengan teknik undian sejumlah 93 responden. Pengambilan responden saluran pemasaran dengan snowball sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam menghitung analisis usaha dan pemasaran untuk mengetahui biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan usaha, biaya pemasaran, keuntungan pemasaran, dan marjin pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp51.366,22, biaya total sebesar Rp25.401,16, danrata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp25.959,05. Terdapat tiga pola saluran pemasaran di Desa Hargotirto. Total biaya pemasaran masing-masing saluran pemasaran yaitu Rp5.845,30, Rp5.374,72, dan Rp3.407,73. Total keuntungan pemasaran masing-masing saluran pemasaran yaitu Rp7.640,39, Rp7.343,56, dan sebesar Rp9.960,95. Total marjin pemasaran pada masing-masing saluran yaitu Rp6.636,36, Rp5.000,00, dan Rp4.849,91. Nilai farmer’s share untuk masing-masing saluran pemasaran yaitu 72,35%, 77,99%, dan 78,20%. Crystal coconut sugar is an innovative product from processing coconut palm in the powder or granular form that have a yellow to brown colour. A total of 433,820 kg of crystal coconut sugar made in Hargotirto Village. The aim of this research is to analyse the cost, revenue, income, marketing cost, benefit cost, marginal marketing, and marketing efficiency economically in Hargotiro Village. The method applied is the descriptive method. The sample area is chosen on purposive sampling. The sample of producent is taken by random and take 93 sample. The method of take snowball sampling marketing channel respondents. The data analysis used is the cost analysis, revenue, income, marketing cost, benefit cost, and marginal marketing. The result of the research business analysis shows that are total rate revenue of crystal coconut sugar Rp51,360.22. That are three pattern of marketing channel of crystal coconut sugarin Hargotirto Village. Total benefit for each marketing channel is Rp7,640.39, Rp7,343.56, and Rp9,960.95. Total Marginal marketing for each marketing channel is Rp6.636,36, Rp5.000,00, and Rp4.840,91. Farmer’s share for each marketing channel is 72,35%, 77,99%, and 78,20%.

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Rebuilding Tourist destinations from Crisis: a comparative Study of Jammu and Kashmir and Assam, India

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes ◽

10.1108/whatt-01-2021-0018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Gani ◽

Ramjit Singh

Keyword(s):

Crisis Management ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Content Type ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

Interview Method ◽

Qualitative Research Design ◽

Management Plans ◽

Media Communications ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to explore the preparedness and the recovery/rebuilding activities or strategies adopted by the respondents during the phases of natural disaster/crisis in Jammu and Kashmir and Assam, India. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative research design was chosen for the study. The interview method was adopted in the present research. The respondents were selected purposefully from the representatives of tourism organizations/destinations management organizations and emergency organizations, i.e. disaster management and hotels experienced by natural disasters, i.e. flood 2014 in Kashmir valley 2019 in Assam states of India. Findings Moderate level of preparedness among the tourism organizations, tourism businesses such as hotels leaves implications for them to enhance the disaster or crisis resilient community. The preparedness programs, efficient social media, communications strategies and development of tourist destinations-specific disaster-related crisis management plans were suggested to enhance disaster resilience. Originality/value The present study is widely contributing to the theory of the vital concepts of crisis management at tourism destinations. This study suggests the practical implications for and suggestions to the industry practitioners, government agencies and researchers to rebuild the tourist destinations from the disaster/crisis and enhance global resilience.

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