scholarly journals Aestheticism versus Utilitarianism: The Reception of the “Tragic” in 1930s Chinese Literary Discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Tian Gu
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
Literature And Politics ◽  
Intellectual Discourse ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Chinese Intellectual ◽  
The Subject

This study examines the construction of the Chinese literary discourse on tragedy in the 1930s, when the intertwining connections between literature and politics left a noticeable influence on the Chinese understanding of the concept. It approaches the subject from three angles: first, it reviews both theoretical discussions of the concept of tragedy and the literary practice of the tragic, exploring possible factors that have either promoted or prevented the application of theory to practice. Second, it traces the changing relationship between pragmatic and aesthetic perspectives during the formation of the Chinese intellectual discourse on tragedy, analysing its relevance to the inextricable link between literature and politics in the 1930s. Thirdly, it investigates the differences between the Chinese perception of tragedy and its foreign origins, presenting the constant interplay among several cultural, social, and political elements that affected the establishment of the 1930s Chinese tragic tradition. In doing so, this study demonstrates the particular features of the Chinese perception of the tragic in the 1930s, as well as the decisive role that socio-political factors played in manipulating the intellectual practices at the time.

scholarly journals The Influence of Political Factors on the Architecture of Ducal Castles Owned by the Griffin Dynasty

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Jakub Ignacy Gołębiewski
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Symbolic Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Architectural Transformation

The subject of the article is an analysis of the ideological and political factors that influenced the architectural transformation of ducal residences which belonged to the Griffin dynasty during the Prussian-German and later Polish rule. The article verifies the scale of this impact and the formal effects of actions taken in the context of the entire Pomeranian Duchy. The research is based on a selected set of ducal castles from the Pomeranian region and uses analytical and comparative methods. In the course of the research, it was possible to confirm the influence of political and ideological factors on the status of the preserved heritage of the Pomeranian Dukes, both on the part of the Prussian-German and Polish authorities. In both cases, these actions were caused by the desire to take over symbolic control over the space after territorial changes. These actions were aimed either at eliminating elements foreign to a given nation and state from the cultural landscape of Pomerania or at their transformation and familiarization. In the process of transforming ducal castles, utility factors also played a significant role in the Prussian-German period, while after 1945 the important factor was the then conservation doctrine.

Sierra Leonais, Créoles, Krio: la dialectique de l'identité

Africa ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Goerg
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West Indies ◽  
African Continent ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Town

The study of phenomena relating to identity has prompted new approaches to the subject on the part of historians as well as anthropologists. They include the study of ethnicity, a dynamic combination of socio-economic, religious, cultural and political factors. In this regard the population of Freetown is particularly interesting, for it stems from several discrete migrations from the end of the eighteenth century onwards. Some of the immigrants came direct from the African continent, ‘Liberated Africans’ disembarked on the Sierra Leone peninsula, while others, formerly slaves, came from the UK, North America or the West Indies. The result of this diversity of origin was the formation of a very rich and specific society, with a mixture of European, African and West Indian characteristics. Among the town dwellers are those called successively Sierra Leoneans, Creoles and Krio.Since the 1950s several studies have focused on these people. After a polemical article published in 1977, new research was undertaken. Krio identity, which is at the same time a historical theme and politically contested territory, remains at the heart of the debate. In this article, emphasis is placed on terminology, to address the question of ‘ethnicity’ as applied to those known as Creoles. What were they called by administrators or historians (past and present)? What did they call themselves? How did they react to the various attempts at categorisation? How did the names, which are the visible aspect of ethnicity, evolve? What did the terms really mean and how can one move from a given name to the object it represents? These questions take into account several points of view, from within Krio/Creole society and from outside it.

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE OF FOOT DEFORMITIES IN ATHLETES WITH VARIOUS SPORTS BACKGROUNDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Nikola Prvulović ◽  
Ana Lilić ◽  
Miljan Hadžović
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reaction Speed

Changes and deformities to the feet are frequent among athletes. The aim of this review paper is to determine the prevalence of foot deformities among athletes with various backgrounds, as well as to determine the influence of the deformities on motor task performance. The compiled studies were published between 2002 and 2018. The following electronic databases were used for the search: PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, EBSCO. The identified studies had to satisfy the following criteria: that they included athletes and that the subject of analysis were the differences in foot deformities in relation to performing motor tasks. Research papers on this topic were reviewed and analyzed. They are clearly organized in tabular form, with a clear outline of the details of the research. The results of 16 research papers are summed up. The most prevalent deformity among athletes is flat feet (pes planus). The studies indicate the various deformities which are prevalent in particular sports, and determine the changes in the feet of the athletes, in particular for the foot which plays a decisive role in certain sports. Individuals with flat feet scored lower results compared to individuals with normal arches in terms of time and reaction speed when performing motor tasks.

scholarly journals Creation of female image in Soviet cinematography of the early XX century

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Tatiana Eduardovna Gribakina
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Female Image ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation

This article explores the creation of the image of a Soviet woman within the Soviet cinematography. The subject of this research is the female image formed by the Russian cinematography at certain stages and its dynamics. The author suggest understanding of the image of woman as a combination of sensible images, which include representations on the place, role, functions, traits that are potentially common to her, but are yet to be formed and realized. Detailed analysis of the films of the early XX century allows examining creation of the female image, the expectations, moods, perceptions of the future presented in the films, as well as tracing the correlation between semantic content and its visualization. Due to the fact that the image was designed gradually, the author considered the key social and political factors that affected its creation and found reflection within it. Special contribution of the author into the research of this topic consists in demonstration of a relatively holistic image of a Soviet woman in cinematography, which was comprise bit by bit and transformed, meeting the challenges, demands and needs of society and the state.  

scholarly journals Georgy Maslov and Leonid Martynov: Meetings in the White Capital (Omsk, 1919)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-253
Author(s):  
I. G. Devyatyarova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Labor School

The subject of this article arose in connection with the study of the cultural history of Siberia during the Civil War (1918–1922). An appeal to archival documents and L. N. Martynov’s memoirs made it possible to reveal many interesting facts from the life of the White capital and recall one of its significant episodes – the meeting of the schoolboy Leonid Martynov with the Petrograd poet Georgy Maslov in the summer of 1919. They met at the book collection office creating hospital libraries in August 1919. The meeting with the first real poet made a strong impression on Leonid. Young people met often, came to each other’s homes. It is not difficult to imagine how fascinating and informatively rich were he stories of the participant in the Pushkin seminary and the university’s “Circle of Poets” for the Omsk schoolboy. Maslov introduced the schoolboy and his friends N. Kalmykov and V. Shebalin to all the “stray” writers. Maslov wrote a lot and published poetry in local periodicals, and Martynov was probably one of the first to read them. Maslov firmly adhered to the anti-Bolshevik position, and in poetry on contemporary themes he expressed his high patriotic feelings, calling on his compatriots to enlightenment. These moods influenced the young Omsk citizen. In line with the influence of Maslov on the worldview of young Martynov – a positive attitude towards the personality of A. V. Kolchak. In the spring in Soviet Omsk, Leonid left the gymnasium, which, under the new government, has now become the United Labor School. This decision, formed, of course, under the influence of Maslov, was an expression of protest and a demonstration of Martynov’s attitude to the new government. At the end of May 1920, fifteen-year-old Martynov went to Krasnoyarsk, where he met with E. Ivanov, who told him about the long, painful retreat to the east, the death of Maslov, showed him the poems he had written on the way. Returning to Omsk, Martynov meets with Maslov’s friend Tanya Solovyova, with whom they remember the poet and read his poems. At this time, Martynov conceived the idea of a poem dedicated to the memory of a friend – “Harlequinade”. In May 1922, Martynov is in Moscow, where he meets with the participants of the Omsk literary meetings and participates in an evening in memory of Maslov. The short friendship between the “Pushkinist and the Futurist” was fruitful for the young Martynov. It played a decisive role in his professional development, the forming of his literary tastes, social guidelines. The name of Georgy Maslov remained dear to Leonid Martynov until the end of his life.

scholarly journals FACTORS THAT AFFECT DELIBERATION OF MAGUWOHARJO VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PLANNING SUB-DISTRICT DEPOK REGENCY SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafi ◽  
Ulung Pribadi ◽  
Fajar Rahmanto
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Deliberation Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Village

This research is based on the view of the deliberation forum in the village which should be able to provide dialogue space and community involvement as the subject of development planning, however, the facts that are seen are that the community in Maguwoharjo village is still seen as an object of development planning and the essence of the deliberation forum in the public sphere in the village has not been able to reflect in full by the people in the area. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence deliberation in development planning deliberations and analyze points of weakness in the deliberation process in Maguwoharjo village. The method in this study uses qualitative research methods with data analysis techniques using NVivo12plus software. The results showed that the leadership factor had a percentage of around 36% in influencing community involvement, the socio-cultural factor in the village had a percentage of around 15% where each figure involved had a dominant view that was very thick with Javanese Culture, from the aspect of communication, had a percentage of around 13% in conveying the interests of village development, then, local political factors have a percentage of around 13%, where every participant involved in the village consultation forum has the same interest in development in his area. This study found that the leadership factor was very dominant in influencing the community to be actively involved in the village discussion forum and still found several weaknesses in the deliberation process in the village. 

scholarly journals La elaboración de la información: Una aproximación teórica

10.14201/2919 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concha Gómez-Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Production Of Information

In the article that we presented, we referred to the process of producing information at a biological level describing the characteristics of the brain, as we know about it's existence and can justify it's decisive role in the production of information we described the four principal flows of information, were it is demostrated stage by stage how the brain is shaped trough expierence. From this perspective we think that the function of intelligence is linked to part of the quantity and quality of the stimuli processed by the individual which he or she receives from the environment. Taking into account then, that the objective of education is to build the subject, refering naturally to the building of individual personality, and that such construction is carried out by actions which imply the modification of already existing structures and the appearance of new ones, at least in the functional sense, and that this activity is realised by the subject him or herself (levels of «ability» and formation); education acquires from this perspective a preponderant role. In the educational environment, one tries to achieve that the shaping of the individual is brought about by «activity of the individual provoked by educational action.

Politisering van het openbaar bestuur : de betrekkingen tussen politieke leiding, ambtelijk apparaat en omgeving

Res Publica ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-277
Author(s):  
U. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Subject

The author discusses a number of perspectives concerning the politicization of public administration. Firstly, he argues that it be hardlyadequate to confine the concept of politicization to the increasing penetration of political par ties into the sphere of public administration. The politicization of public administration refers to more intensive patternsof bureaucratie polities as well. Secondly, he warns against a too easy acceptance of the idea that a politicization of public administration has taken place. One might say that what is aften considered as a growing penetration of political factors into the administrative sphere actually pertains to the increasing awareness and visibility regarding the frequent and intensive relations between polities and administration. Same of the theoretical perspectives are applied to the subject of administrative reorganization.

The Main Characteristics of the Regional Budget Planning on the Example of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
A. Sherstobitova ◽  
Evgeniya Posnihina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

If the order of drawing up the draft Federal budget is defined by the Budget code of the Russian Federation, the order of drawing up the draft budget of the subject of the Federation and the draft budget of the municipality, along with the bases of drawing up draft budgets defined by the Budget code of the Russian Federation, is also determined by the laws of the subjects of the Federation and municipal legal acts of the representative body of the municipality. In the legal literature, this approach is recognized as justified, as at each level of the budget system there is specificity in the development of budget indicators. In addition, it is impossible to apply a unified approach to the detailed organization of the drafting of regional and local budgets, since the timing and content of the procedures for drafting budgets in the constituent entities of the Federation and municipalities depend on a whole range of socio-economic and political factors. In view of the above, the development of regional and local budgets should be governed by the rules of budgetary procedure adopted at the appropriate levels of the budgetary system. Drafting of regional and local budgets and budget acts is traditionally the responsibility of the Executive bodies. Accordingly, the draft budget of the subject of the Federation shall be drawn up in accordance with the procedure established by the Supreme Executive body of the state power of the subject of the Russian Federation (article 169 of the BC) [1]. Budgeting at any level by virtue of part 2 of art. 172 the BC of the Russian Federation is based on: the Budget address of the President of the Russian Federation; the forecast of social and economic development of the relevant territory; the main directions of budget and tax policy; the budget forecast for the long term; state (municipal) programs.

THE HYAKUMANTŌ DARANI AND THE ORIGINS OF PRINTING IN EIGHTH-CENTURY JAPAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kornicki
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Point Of Reference

The origins of printing in East Asia have been the subject of lively debate over the last twenty years, and a constant point of reference has been the first recorded act of printing in Japan, which took place in the 760s. The term Hyakumantō Darani 百万塔陀羅尼 (hereafter HD) is commonly used in Japan to refer to this episode, and it denotes the Buddhist dhāraṇī or spells which are thought to have been printed in Nara and then inserted into wooden miniature pagodas, and which have for a century been regarded as the oldest printed texts in the world.1 They were printed, so the evidence suggests, in the closing years of the reign of Shōtoku 稱德 (718–770, r. 764–770), who was the last woman on the Japanese throne for nearly one thousand years and who had had an earlier reign under the name Kōken 孝謙 (r. 749–758).2In this article I shall first examine the evidence relating to the HD and the origins of printing, since the whole question has long been clouded by hypotheses masquerading as fact. Second, I shall explore the origins of the practice of producing miniature pagodas and its transmission to Japan. Third, I shall argue that the established views on the motivation for the HD are inadequate, and shall identify the factors that demand a new explanation, particularly the pagodas themselves. Finally, I turn to the ideological and political factors underlying these events and suggest a new explanation. This new explanation focuses on the politics of Shōtoku's situation and the connection with empress Wu (Wu Zetian 武則天; 624–705, r. 690–705), and it goes some way towards explaining why printing was not resorted to again in Japan for several centuries.

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