scholarly journals Nutritional value of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) offal on the performance of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
S. E. Alu ◽  
F. S. Oseze ◽  
E. J. Ogoshi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

Tiger nut offal is one of the common agro by products available in appreciable quantity all yaer round especially within the northern part of Nigeria. Its nutritional value is somewhat close to those of maize offal. Therefore, a 56 - day experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of broiler chickens fed graded levels of Tiger nut offal (TNO) as an energy source. Five iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets tagged T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, were compounded to contain 23 and 20% crude protein and 2800 and 3000 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy for starter and finisher phases, respectively. The TNO was included at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% levels in treatments, respectively such that T1 served as the control diet. A total of 200, one day old chicks were allotted to the 5 treatment groups, replicated 4 times and each replicate was allotted 10 birds. Parameters evaluated included growth rate, economics of production, blood parameters and carcass characteristics. The results showed that there was no significant variation (P>0.05) in the values obtained for growth parameters, economics of production, haematological parameters and serum biochemistry. However, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in dressed weight (1155.00 vs. 1350.00 vs. 1350.00 vs. 1525.00 and 1530.00 gbird-1 ) and shanks weight (59.50 vs. 100.00 vs. 67.00 vs. 85.00 and  60.00 gbird-1 ) which increased across the treatments as the levels of inclusion of TNO increased in the diets. Birds fed the diets 15 (T4) and 20% (T5) gave the best results compared to those fed the control and other levels. From the results of this experiment, poultry farmer can use up to 20% of TNO as a replacement for conventional energy source in the diet of broiler chickens without compromising the meat quality and health status of the birds.

scholarly journals Effects of Feeding Diets Containing Pearl Millet Supplemented with Enzyme on the Carcass and Haematological Values of Broiler Chicken

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
John Amedu Edache ◽  
Lydia Inyam ◽  
Stephen Ejembi Edache
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematological Values ◽  
Feeding Diets

Pearl millet, which is comparable to maize in terms of its metabolizable energy content is an identified potential replacement for maize in broiler diets. However, as the competition and price of maize continues to spike, the continuous need to completely replace maize in broiler diets is imperative. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of feeding diets containing pearl millet supplemented with enzyme NatuzymeTM on the carcass characteristics and haematological values of broiler chickens. 150 two weeks-old broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 birds per pen translating into 10 birds per replicate and fed an isonitrogenous (23%CP) starter diet of control diet (A); 0% (B); 10% (C); 20% (D); 30.01% and (E) 37.41 % pearl millet. Similarly, an isonitrogenous (21%CP) finisher diet of control diet (A); 0% (B); 10.64% pearl millet (C); 21.28% (D); 31.92% and (E) 39.27 % of pearl millet for 6 weeks. The birds were randomly allotted to the diets in a completely randomized design with feed and water given ad libitum. With the exception of drumstick of birds fed diet D which was significantly lower than the other diets, the results showed that the carcass values (parameters) of broilers fed 100% pearl millet were similar or non-superior to the control group and the other diets. Similarly, blood parameters were not significantly different between groups. These results show that pearl millet supplemented with enzyme can replace maize in broiler diets without affecting carcass yields and haematological parameters.

Influence of Different Dietary Levels of Zinc on Performance, Vitamin B12, and Blood Parameters in Lambs

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Zhu ◽  
Guo ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Jia
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of different dietary levels of zinc (Zn) on performance, vitamin B12, and blood parameters in lambs. Thirty six cannulated Poll Dorset × Small-tailed Han wether lambs were assigned randomly to four treatment groups: The control group, which was supplemented with 0.30 mg Co/kg dry matter (DM) to the basal diet; and the low-, medium- and high-Zn supplemented groups, supplementation of 50, 100, and 150 mg Zn/kg DM to the control diet, respectively. Lambs were housed in individual pens and the experiment lasted for 70 days. There was no significant difference in body weight gain and feed/gain between different treatment groups. The high-Zn supplemented lambs showed lower vitamin B12 concentrations in both ruminal fluid and plasma, and higher methylmalonic acid and homocysteine concentrations in plasma compared with the control and low-Zn supplemented groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in these biochemical values between the control, the low-, and the medium-Zn supplemented groups (p > 0.05). Plasma folate concentration, glucose, and heme-dependent blood parameters were not influenced by dietary zinc level. It was concluded that the higher level of zinc supplementation had a negative effect on vitamin B12 in lambs. Higher inclusion level of dietary zinc could inhibit vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen of lambs.

scholarly journals Effect of organic acids fed through drinking water on carcass and internal organs of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
O. O. Effiong ◽  
U. E. Umoren ◽  
G. S. Sylvester
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Commercial Strain

The price of Maize as a major source of energy in poultry feeding is becoming increasingly prohibitive in Nigeria hence this study investigated the effect of toasted Earth ball (lcacinia manni) as an alternative energy source. Fresh tubers of lcacinia manni were collected, peeled, washed, sliced and milled into a paste which was further pressed to reduce the initial moisture content using a hand press. The dehydrated paste was transferred to an earthen-pot and toasted at 100C using firewood as fuel until moisture content was reduced tol0-12%. The dried sample was chemically analysed for proximate and anti-nutrient components and later used to formulate five experimental diets which contained 239%crude protein (CP) and 2,800kcalkg of metabolizable energy (ME)for the starter and 20% CP and 2,900kcal/kg of ME in the finisher phases Diet I was the control while diets 2, 3, 4and 5 contained toasted I. manni replacing maize at 15, 30, 45 and 65% levels, respectively. Two hundred and twenty live (225) Anak-2000 day-old chicks of a commercial strain were shared into five experimental groups of 45 birds each which were further divided into three replicates of 15 birds using completely Randomized Design for the experiment that lasted for 56 days. Toasting as a processing method reduced the compositions of hydrogen cyanide (81.89%), total oxalate (62.56%) and soluble oxalate (56.0%). Phytate increased by 20.0% in the toasted sample. Birds that were fed 15% I. manni diet had the highest (P<0.05) daily weight gain and feed intake of 33.21g and 90.07g, compared to other treatment groups including control. Feed conversion ratio did not differ significantly among treatment groups. The level of inclusion of I. manni in all the diets significantly influenced the organs characteristic of the birds. The group of birds fed on the 60% I. manni meal diet had the highest (P<0.05) percentage weight for the gizzard, heart liver proventriculus and intestine It was concluded that toasted I. Mani meal could replace up to 15% of maize as an energy source in broiler diets.

scholarly journals Performance and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with Annona senegalensis-Garlic Cocktail

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haruna Garba ◽  
Ampitan Titus Ayodele ◽  
Kehinde Moruff Adelakun ◽  
Nasiru Salihu ◽  
Sabi’u Murtala Dambazau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inclusion Level

Background: Animals eat to acquire the energy and building materials that they need to live and grow the nutrient required to achieve such, abound in phyto-materials. The synergistic, additive, or complementary immuno-modulatory effects of phytocomponents from A. senegalensis and Alium cepa were evaluated in this work. Methods: Seventy indigenously developed varieties of day-old broilers were divided in a completely randomized design(CRD) into 5 (n=14) treatment groups (T1-T5) treatments with 2 replicates per treatment. At the finisher level, 0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 kg of the A. senegalensis-garlic (ASG) cocktail was added to the normal finisher diet. Results: Feed consumption tends to increase significantly (p≤0.05) with the increased level of ASG Cocktail. values recorded 1405±17.9 g, 1450±21.5 g, 1310±20.6 g, 1450±17.3 g, 1340±15.3g for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively were recorded. There is a significant difference (p≤0.05) in the total protein (TP) at different inclusion levels with 0.5% having the highest value of 57.95±4.07 g/dl. The triglycerides and cholesterol levels decrease as the ASG inclusion level increases which shows the anticholesteremic potency of the blend. There are significant increases (p≤0.05) in the albumin and globulin concentrations as the level of ASG inclusion increased. However, while there is a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the aspartate transaminase along the concentration gradient, the reverse is the case with regards to alanine transaminase. A significant decrease (p≤0.05) in bilirubin concentration along the inclusion gradient (except in T5). There was a significant increase (p≤0.05) in body weight across the inclusion gradient except in T3. The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) follows a regular pattern with a range of 0.51-0.53 except for the birds fed with 0.3% inclusion (T3) that recorded a higher (poor) value of 0.89. Conclusion: Supplementation with ASG cocktail improves the performance and the immune-competence of the bird at the finisher stage

scholarly journals Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Structural and Functional Indices in Broiler Chickens Treated with Silver Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Raieszadeh ◽  
Vahid Noaman ◽  
Mehrdad Yadegari
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
Fractional Shortening

270 Ross broiler chickens of twenty days old were housed in 18-floor pens in a completely randomized design with six treatment groups and three replicate groups and fifteen chicks per each pen. The treatment groups (1–6) consisted of 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 70 ppm of nanocide in drinking water, respectively. At 26 days of age, 3 chickens were selected randomly for echocardiography using a 7.5 MHz linear probe, and the left ventricular internal diameter at the end of diastole (LVIDd), left ventricular internal diameter at the end of systole (LVIDs), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), interventricular septum thickness at the end of systole (IVSTs), and interventricular septum thickness at the end of diastole (IVSTd) were evaluated. LVIDd and LVIDs in group six were of higher rate than other groups and showed statistically significant differences with groups two, three, and four (P<0.05). LVFS, percentage of EF, and IVSTd were minimum in group six and had significant difference with other groups (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that prescription of high dosage of nanocide leads to cardiovascular problems with decrease in myocardial contractility and increase in the internal diameter of left ventricle.

scholarly journals Dietary Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Powder and Zn–Gly Chelate Complex for Mitigating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: Growth Parameters, Malondialdehyde, Paraoxonase-1, and Antibody Titer

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Muhammad Israr ◽  
Naila Chand ◽  
Rifat Ullah Khan ◽  
Ibrahim A. Alhidary ◽  
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion

A total of 300 day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were assigned to 30 floor pens (10 birds per pen) under cyclic heat stress. Three diets including a control, as well as two levels of grape seed powder (GSP) and zinc (OZ) at the rates of 2.5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ and 5 g/kg GSP + 50 mg/kg OZ, were supplied to the broilers for 35 days. According to the results, broiler feed intake improved (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups from 3–5 weeks and on an overall basis compared to the control diet. Body weight increased (p < 0.05) in GSP-5 + OZ-50 during weeks 2–5 and on an overall basis. The findings indicated that feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (p < 0.05) during week 5 in broilers supplemented with GSP-5 + OZ-50. The antibody titer (HI) against Newcastle disease (ND) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to control treatment. The value of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased (p < 0.05) under GSP + OZ diets compared to control. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON1) was higher (p < 0.05) in GSP + OZ groups compared to untreated broilers. In conclusion, GSP + OZ positively supported growth traits, reduced MDA, and augmented PON1 and HI titer against ND in broilers exposed to heat stress.

scholarly journals Growth performance, blood parameters and production cost of broiler chickens fed dietary sweet orange peel meal diets with and without enzyme addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
T. A. Sunmola ◽  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
O. I. A. Oluremi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Final Weight

The growth performance, blood parameters and production cost of two hundred and fifty two (252) Abor acre plus broiler chickens fed sweet orange peel meal (SOPM) with and without enzymes were investigated. The experimental diets consist of control (T ), maize was 0 replaced with SOPM at 15, 20 and 25 % without exogenous enzymes to form T , T and T 1 2 3 respectively, and another supplemented with exogenous enzyme to form T , T and T 4 5 6 respectively. The birds were randomly allocated to seven treatment groups replicated three times to have 12 birds per replicate and were fed experimental diet ad-libitum for eight weeks. Result showed that broiler chickens fed control diet (T ) had significantly (P<0.05) 0 higher final weight (FW) of 2.44kg, weight gain (WG) of 42.91, feed intake (FI) of 86.53, better feed conversion ratio (FCR)of 2.01 and protein conversion ratio (PCR)of 0.44 compared to other dietary treatments. Broiler chickens fed T and T had significantly 1 4 (P<0.05) higher final weight of 1.98 and 1.98 kg, weight gain of 34.69 and 34.71 g and feed intake of 78.35 and 81.63 g respectively while significantly (P<0.05) least values of 1.75 and 1.80 kg final weight, 30.73 and 31.49 g weight gain and 69.47 and 71.84 g feed intake respectively were recorded in broiler chickens fed T and T . Haematological indices namely: 2 5 PCV, RBC, WBC and Hb were not significantly different (P>0.05) but MCV, MCH, MCHC, lymphocytes, heterophil, eosinophil and monocytes differed significantly (P<0.05). Serum biochemical indices namely total protein, albumin, globulin and uric acid were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the experimental diets. Though, there was no detrimental effect of SOPM and enzyme on production cost as profit was made at all replacement levels of SOPM with and without enzyme treatment, but profit per bird (N) and cost to benefit ratio revealed the superiority of the broiler chickens fed control diet (T ). Based on the results obtained, 0 SOPM can replace maize up to 25 % without posing any deleterious effect on the broiler chickens growth performance, blood parameters and production cost. However, the cost to benefit ratio was compromised with the use of SOPM. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Raw Yeast Extract (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as an Ingredient, Additive or Palatability Agent in Wet Diet for Cats

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia M. Lima ◽  
Jose Walter Silva Jr ◽  
Rosana C. S. Ogoshi ◽  
Jessica S. dos Reis ◽  
Janine Franca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Functional Additive ◽  
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
And Control

<p class="1Body">Three experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of strain-specific yeast extract (SSYE) as an ingredient, functional additive or palatability agent when supplemented in its raw form in wet cat food. <em>SSYE as ingredient</em> – SSYE was chemically characterized and its use evaluated through fourteen cats divided into two treatments: control diet (complete wet adult cat food) and control diet with 30 % replacement by SSYE. The results of apparent digestibility coefficient of SSYE were 71.64 % for dry matter, 72.55 % for organic matter, 50.78 % for ashes, 78.59 % for crude protein, 84.33 % for the energy gross and digestible and metabolizable energy value, respectively, of 4,247 and 4,163 kcal/kg, these results indicated that SSYE is comparable to other protein sources for cat’s food. <em>SSYE as a functional additive</em> - twelve cats were distributed into two 6x6 latin squares (treatments; experimental periods), and the treatments were control diet and replacement levels ranged from 2 % to 10 % SSYE. The following parameters were evaluated: digestibility, energy utilization, nitrogen balance, serum urea and creatinine levels. No differences were found. <em>SSYE as palatability agent</em> – Were used twenty cats by comparing the control diet with 2 % replacement by SSYE. A significant difference (P &lt; 0.01) was observed with a preference for control diet. SSYE is a potential protein source for cats; however, it is not effective as additive and may compromise palatability when supplemented in its raw form in complete wet cat food.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of dietary esterified glucomannan on performance, serum biochemistry and haematology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Basmacıoglu ◽  
H. Oguz ◽  
M. Ergul ◽  
R. Col ◽  
Birdane YO
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Concentration

The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding two concentrations of yeast component (esterified glucomannan; EG). EG, incorporated into the diet at 0.5 and 1 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the detrimental effects of 2 mg total aflatoxin (AF; 82.72% AFB<sub>1</sub>, 5.50% AFB<sub>2</sub>, 10.20% AFG<sub>1</sub> and 1.58% AFG<sub>2</sub>) in diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 d of age. A total of 240 male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were divided into 6 treatment groups [control, AF, EG (0.5 g/kg), AF plus EG (0.5 g/kg), EG (1 g/kg), and AF plus EG (1 g/kg)]. Compared to the control, AF treatment significantly decreased body weight gain from week 2 onwards. AF treatment also caused significant decreases in serum total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, creatinine levels and alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) activity but increased the aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) activity. Red blood cell, haematocrit, haemoglobin, thrombocyte, and lymphocyte counts and tibial crude ash levels were significantly reduced by AF treatment, while significant increases were seen in heterophil counts. The addition of EG (1 g/kg) to an AF-containing diet significantly improved the adverse effects of AF on haematological parameters, total protein, albumin values and ASAT activity. EG (1 g/kg) also partially improved body weight gains (59%) and the other biochemical parameters influenced by AF treatment. The addition of EG (both 0.5 and 1 g/kg) to the AF-free diet did not cause any considerable changes in the investigated values. These results clearly indicated that EG (1 g/kg) addition effectively diminished the adverse effects of AF on the investigated values. Also, the higher dietary concentration of EG (1 g/kg) was found more effective than the lower concentration (0.5 g/kg) against the adverse effects of AF on the variables investigated in this study. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Effect of Extrusion on Nutrients Digestibility, Metabolizable Energy and Nutritional Value of Yellow Lupine Seeds for Broiler Chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rutkowski ◽  
Sebastian A. Kaczmarek ◽  
Marcin Hejdysz ◽  
Dorota Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yellow Lupine ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Fat Digestibility

Abstract The aim of investigations was the estimation of nutritional value of currently cultivated yellow lupine cultivars in raw and extruded form, and their usefulness for broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted with male Ross 308 chickens. In a digestibility trial 60 fifteen-day-old birds were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (20 replications in each). Birds were kept in individual pens. Digestibility was calculated using the difference method. From day 16 to 21, diets contained lupine meal in raw or extruded form and the basal diet in the ratio 20:80. Subsequently, the total digestibility of dry matter and crude fat, also apparent nitrogen retention and AMEN value of lupine seeds were determined on chickens fed different forms of lupine. The ileal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids of lupine seeds was also analyzed. In the second experiment the one-day-old birds were randomly assigned to ten dietary treatments (10 replications in each) and were fed diets with increasing amounts of raw or extruded lupine from 10 to 30%. The chickens in control treatments were fed a diet without lupine. Extruded yellow lupine meal was characterized by lower phytic P content in comparison to raw yellow lupine meal. The content of remaining ingredients and antinutritional substances was similar. Yellow lupine seeds post extrusion were characterized by better total crude fat digestibility, nitrogen retention and AMEN values, compared to raw seeds. Higher ileal digestibility was confirmed in numerous amino acids, except lysine, threonine and valine (P≤0.05). By feeding the broilers with diets consisting of 10 to 30% of lupine seeds post extrusion (experiment II), improved apparent fat digestibility, apparent nitrogen retention and AMEN values were achieved in young chickens (P<0.01). Using 10 and 20% of lupine in the diets showed significant positive effects of extrusion on body weight gains, feed intake and feed conversion rate. The performance indices of chickens were drastically decreased by use of 25% ratio of both raw and extruded yellow lupine in the diet. This effect was heightened by a 30% share in feed mixtures.

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