scholarly journals “For there is nothing lost, that may be found, if sought”. Manuscript terminology across languages and scientific disciplines

De Medio Aevo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Christine Jakobi-Mirwald ◽  
Marilena Maniaci
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Manuscript Studies ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
German Art ◽  
Selection Of

The complex terminology used in the description of medieval books in manuscript catalogues and other scientific contributions offers a wide range of possible ambiguities and losses across languages and disciplines, losses that become evident most notably on their crossing paths in the Internet. . Sadly enough, true long-term collaboration across countries and disciplines is more the exception than the rule, which is also why the question of terminology and its translation is frequently neglected. The authors of the present contribution, an Italian codicologist and a German art historian – both of whom have provided lexicographical work tools which have seen several translations) – propose an overview of the work tools currently available (theoretical reflections, dictionaries, multilingual glossaries), followed by a small but significant selection of examples of gaps, ambiguities and other problems regarding the building of a shared multilingual language in manuscript studies. 

CURRENT BEST PRACTICES AND BIOBANKING RECOMMENDATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. V. Doludin ◽  
A. L. Borisova ◽  
M. S. Pokrovskaya ◽  
O. V. Stefanyuk ◽  
O. V. Sivakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Preanalytical Phase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
Selection Of

The biobank is a structure established with the goal of long-term responsible storage of biological samples and the associated data for their further use in scientific and clinical research. The objectives of biobanking are the creation of unified recommendations on: the planning of premises and the selection of equipment for storage; development of management methods and staff training; standardization of methods for the collection, shipping, processing and storage of biomaterial of various origins, as well as methods for quality control and validation of the applied methods; creation and use of databases of information accompanying biospecimens. The lack of common standards for conducting the preanalytical phase has been the cause of low accuracy and poor reproducibility of research results. To date, a large number of guidelines and best practices have been published that provide an answer to a wide range of problems in organizing the biobanking process. The article provides an overview of the most famous biobanking guidelines that can be used to solve various research problems. Biobanking in Russia is actively developing. Since 1996 there is a work on the legislative regulation of biobanking activities, as a result of which a number of regulatory documents have been issued. An important stage in the development of biobanking in Russia was the establishment of the “National Association of Biobanks and Biobanking Specialists” (NASBio) in 2018, which included representatives of medical and research institutions, commercial firms, and qualified specialists in the field of biobanking. One of the key tasks of NASBio is the adaptation and implementation of the best biobanking practices in Russian research institutes and centers. The use of modern guidelines and best practices on biobanking will lead to an increase in the quality of research and publications.

scholarly journals Management of Potential Data on Websites for Communicating Research in Education Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3119-3122
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Current State ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research In Education ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Selection Of

This research is concentrated in the increasing of education issue studies using the management of potential data on Websites for Communicating Research in the field of Education. This research relates with several web sites, i.e: https://puspendik.kemdikbud.go.id/hasil-un/, and https://dapo.dikdasmen.kemdikbud.go.id/sekolah/ Furthermore, this research is also purposed in order to elucidate the potentials and challenges of internet data for education to demonstrate a selection of relevant literature so that a wide spectrum of topics can be reached. A part of this data represents a large and increasing part of everyday life which sometimes could not be measured. The data used are a timely data which are potentially following a factual process, moreover they typically involve large numbers of observations, and they allow for flexible conceptual forms and experimental settings. In this paper, the data that are gained will be managed such that some academic articles are produced. Some data at the Internet had successfully been applied to a very wide range of detecting education issues (e.g. spatial analysis for relation a number of male and female students and score of mathematics and foreign languages test), we review the current literature attempts to incorporate the Internet data into the mainstream of scholarly empirical research in our research and guide the reader through this Special Issue. We provide some insights and a brief overview of the current state of research.

scholarly journals Farmers and nature conservation: What is known about attitudes, context factors and actions affecting conservation?

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Ahnström ◽  
Jenny Höckert ◽  
Hanna L. Bergeå ◽  
Charles A. Francis ◽  
Peter Skelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Farm

AbstractFarmers' attitudes towards viability of specific conservation practices or actions strongly impact their decisions on adoption and change. This review of ‘attitude’ information reveals a wide range of perceptions about what conservation means and what the impacts of adoption will mean in economic and environmental terms. Farmers operate in a tight financial situation, and in parts of the world they are highly dependent on government subsidies, and cannot afford to risk losing that support. Use of conservation practices is most effective when these are understood in the context of the individual farm, and decisions are rooted in land and resource stewardship and long-term concerns about health of the farm and the soil. The attitudes of farmers entering agri-environmental schemes decide the quality of the result. A model is developed to show how attitudes of the farmer, the farming context and agri-environmental schemes interact and thus influence how the farming community affects nature and biodiversity. As new agri-environmental schemes are planned, agricultural development specialists need to recognize the complexity of farmer attitudes, the importance of location and individual farmer circumstances, and the multiple factors that influence decisions. We provide these insights and the model to conservation biologists conducting research in farming areas, decision makers who develop future agri-environmental schemes, educators training tomorrow's extension officers and nature conservationists, and researchers dealing with nature conservation issues through a combination of scientific disciplines.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Graphite-Like Carbon in Podiform Chromitites of Greece and Its Genetic Significance

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Economou-Eliopoulos ◽  
George Tsoupas ◽  
Vasilis Skounakis
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Mineral Chemistry ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Recycling ◽  
Podiform Chromitites ◽  
Of Greece

The role of post-magmatic processes in the composition of chromitites hosted in ophiolite complexes, the origin of super-reduced phases, and factors controlling the carbon recycling in a supra-subduction zone environment are still unclear. The present contribution compiles the first scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive (SEM/EDS) data on graphite-like amorphous carbon, with geochemical and mineral chemistry data, from chromitites of the Skyros, Othrys, Pindos, and Veria ophiolites (Greece). The aim of this study was the delineation of potential relationships between the modified composition of chromite and the role of redox conditions, during the long-term evolution of chromitites in a supra-subduction zone environment. Chromitites are characterized by a strong brittle (cataclastic) texture and the presence of phases indicative of super-reducing phases, such as Fe–Ni–Cr-alloys, awaruite (Ni3Fe), and heazlewoodite (Ni3S2). Carbon-bearing assemblages are better revealed on Au-coated unpolished sections. Graphite occurs in association with hydrous silicates (chlorite, serpentine) and Fe2+-chromite, as inclusions in chromite, filling cracks within chromite, or as nodule-like graphite aggregates. X-ray spectra of graphite–silicate aggregates showed the presence of C, Si, Mg, Al, O in variable proportions, and occasionally K and Ca. The extremely low fO2 during serpentinization facilitated the occurrence of methane in microfractures of chromitites, the precipitation of super-reducing phases (metal alloys, awaruite, heazlewoodite), and graphite. In addition, although the origin of Fe–Cu–Ni-sulfides in ultramafic parts of ophiolite complexes is still unclear, in the case of the Othrys chromitites, potential reduction-induced sulfide and/or carbon saturation may drive formation of sulfide ores and graphite-bearing chromitites. The presented data on chromitites covering a wide range in platinum-group element (PGE) content, from less than 100 ppb in the Othrys to 25 ppm ΣPGE in the Veria ores, showed similarity in the abundance of graphite-like carbon. The lack of any relationship between graphite (and probably methane) and the PGE content may be related to the occurrence of the (Ru–Os–Ir) minerals in chromitites, which occur mostly as oxides/hydroxides, and to lesser amounts of laurite, with pure Ru instead activating the stable CO2 molecule and reducing it to methane (experimental data from literature).

scholarly journals The Role of Projects in Astronomy Education

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Entire Spectrum ◽  
Convenient Form ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scope Project ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Selection Of

At first sight, there may appear to be a very wide range of project situations that are in use. Students may seem to be doing the equivalent of postgraduate work, or may seem to be working on contract basis, or may even seem to be doing rather long term laboratory exercises, or some mixture of all three. However, there are in essence two major types of project situations — the free-scope project and the set-piece project.The free-scope project attaches importance to the selection of project topics by the student. The student may be told to select a problem from the entire spectrum of problems offered by the science of astronomy, and to get on with it, or there may be guidelines to restrict the choice. Nevertheless, the choice of topic is the prerogative of the student, and it is believed that the effort of making that choice is important in the teaching/learning process. Because of the range of formats for free-scope projects, it is a convenient form to adapt to meet varying local circumstances.

Some Generalizations about Generalization

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphonse Chapanis
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

Three fallacies about generalization are that so-called basic research is more generalizable than applied research, that general findings are immediately useful for design purposes, and that the use of taxonomies increases the generalizability of human factors studies. Some factors that limit generalizability are the use of unrepresentative subjects, insufficient training subjects receive before measurements are begun, inadequate sampling of tasks and situations, inappropriate selection of dependent variables, long-term changes in the world of work, and artifacts attributable to the measurement process itself In designing a study to predict behavior in a specific application, the guiding principle is similarity. The study should be as similar as possible to the real situation. Two principles should be followed to design studies whose findings can be extrapolated to a wide range of situations: (1) design heterogeneity into the studies and (2) replicate earlier studies with variations in subjects, variables, or procedures.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of wild fruit species of Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusica Bosnjakovic ◽  
Vladislav Ognjanov ◽  
Mirjana Ljubojevic ◽  
Goran Barac ◽  
Marija Predojevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Wild Fruit Species

Several field collecting trips in the 2009-2011 period confirmed that forest fruit species are an inexhaustible genofond of extremely important varieties that yield fruit of excellent quality and high nutritive value, with wide range of applications, including nutritional, medicinal and food production. The aim of this work was to develop long term interactive and integrated strategy for selection of wild fruit species through different breeding methods, as well as popularization of selected products and their integration into intensive fruit growing. The most important morphological, ecological, and biological characteristics were studied and presented for Cornus mas, Sambucus nigra, Morus sp. and Rosa sp. For each studied fruit species, advanced selections for cultivar release has been reported.

scholarly journals Protection of the human gut microbiome from antibiotics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean de Gunzburg ◽  
Amine Ghozlane ◽  
Annie Ducher ◽  
Emmanuelle Le Chatelier ◽  
Xavier Duval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTBackgroundAntibiotics are life-saving drugs but severely affect the gut microbiome with short term consequences including diarrhoea,Clostridium difficileinfections and selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Long-term links to allergy and obesity are also suggested. We devised a product, DAV132, and previously showed its ability to deliver a powerful adsorbent, activated charcoal, in the late ileum of human volunteers.MethodsWe performed a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.govNCT02176005) in 28 human volunteers treated with a 5-day clinical regimen of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic moxifloxacin in two parallel groups, with or without DAV132 co-administration. Two control goups of 8 volunteers each receiving DAV132 alone, or a non-active substitute, were added.ResultsThe co-administration of DAV132 decreased free moxifloxacin fecal concentrations by 99%, while plasmatic levels were unaffected. Shotgun quantitative metagenomics showed that the richness and composition of the intestinal microbiota were largely preserved in subjects co-treated with DAV132 in addition to moxifloxacin. No adverse effect was observed. In addition, DAV132 efficiently adsorbed a wide range of clinically relevant antibioticsex-vivo.ConclusionsDAV132 was highly effective to protect the gut microbiome of moxifloxacin - treated healthy volunteers and may constitute a clinical breakthrough by preventing adverse health consequences of a wide range of antibiotic treatments.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

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