Protective effect of melatonin on the rat lung following exposure to 900-MHz electromagnetic field: a stereological and histopathological study

Long-term use of cell phone emitting electromagnetic field (EMF) has increased concerns regarding histopathological change in vital organs. Our present study was aimed to investigate the effect of 900 megahertz (MHz) EMF on the rat lungs, as well as the possible efficacy of melatonin (MEL) on lung tissues. Fifteen female Wistar albino rats were randomly selected and assigned into five groups as follow: control (CONT), SHAM, EMF, melatonin (MEL) and EMF+MEL group. Subsequently, female rats were then mated, and pregnant rats underwent the experimental application for 21 days. After parturition, 6 pups (2 pups from each mother) were randomly chosen and maintained for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4th week, the lung tissues of all groups were used for the stereological analysis and histopathological examination. We found that the mean volumes of the alveoli, bronchioles and blood vessels were significantly lower in the EMF group compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the EMF+MEL group, the mean volumes of the alveoli, bronchioles and blood vessels were significantly increased compared to the EMF group. Our histopathological results showed marked change in the lung tissues. We speculated that exposure to EMF caused the damage to the rat lung tissues, and that MEL administration alleviated 900 MHz EMF-induced complications.

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INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BLACK SEED OIL ON DIABETES-INDUCED - TESTICULAR DAMAGE: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/9045949 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Seval Kaya ◽

Yusuf Nergiz ◽

Firat Asir

Keyword(s):

Tissue Damage ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Male Rats ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Control Group ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Black Seed ◽

Black Seed Oil

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effect of black seed oil against testicular tissue damage in diabetic rats. A total of 18 male rats were divided into 3 groups, including 6 rats in each group.Groups; control (n=6), diabetes (n=6), diabetes + black seed oil (n=6). A single dose of 45 mg / kg streptozocine (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Diabetes + Black seed oil group: For 56 days, 2.5 ml / kg of black seed oil was administered orally to rats.The rats were sacriced at the end of 56 days. Testicular tissues were taken for routine parafn tissue processing for histopathological examination. Parafn sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and PAS and examined under a light microscope. Atrophy and degeneration were observed in the seminiferous tubules of diabetic group. Histology of black seed oil group sections were similar to that of control group. A signicant difference was found between the black seed oil group and the diabetes group in terms of blood glucose values. As a result, we think that Black Seed Oil ameliorates to the tissue damage caused by diabetes and the decrease in blood sugar value.

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Hypolipidemic effect of prepared Polyherbal formulations in Wistar albino rats

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00749 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4314-4320

Author(s):

Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽

Sunil Kumar Kanungo ◽

Saroj Kumar Patro ◽

Minaketan Sahoo ◽

Dibya Sundar Panda

Keyword(s):

Elevated Serum ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Hypolipidemic Effect ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

Lipid lowering effect of polyherbal formulations using eight different plants was evaluated in triton and diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar albino rats. Formulations such as Tablet, Syrup and Suspension inhibited the elevation in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels on Triton WR 1339 administration rats. The formulations at the same dose level significantly attenuated the elevated serum total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The standard drug Niacin showed slightly better effects. The treatment with herbal formulations produced 30-35 percentage improvement in oral glucose tolerance. Similarly all the formulations also reduced the elevated C-reactive protein which is a marker of Hyperlipidemia. In histopathological study it was found that treatment of polyherbal formulation significantly reduced the plaque size in aorta compared with HFD treated control group. The outcome of the study reveals the lipid lowering activity of polyherbal formulations in dyslipidaemic conditions by interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol and utilization of lipids.

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Protective effect of essential oil from Citrus limon against aspirin-induced toxicity in rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327118819044 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 499-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H Bouzenna ◽

N Samout ◽

S Dhibi ◽

S Mbarki ◽

S Akermi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Citrus Limon ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Aspirin Group

The present study is planned to examine the antioxidant activity (AA) and the protective effect of the essential oil of Citrus limon (EOC) against aspirin-induced histopathological changes in the brain, lung, and intestine of female rats. For this purpose, 28 albino rats were classified to control group (group C), aspirin group (group A), EOC group (group EOC), and pretreatment with EOC and treated with aspirin group (group EOC + A). The antioxidant activities of EOC were evaluated by three different assays including reducing power, β-carotene, and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results found that EOC represents, respectively (0.064 ± 0.013 and 0.027 ± 00 mg Quer E/100 µL), of flavonoid and flavonol. Then, it exhibited a potential activity of reducing power (at 300 mg/mL, which was found to be 0.82 ± 0.07), β-carotene-linoleic acid (AA% = 69.28 ± 3.5%), and scavenging of H2O2 (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.008 mg/mL). In vivo, aspirin given to rats at the dose of 600 mg/kg body weight induced histomorphological damage in brain, lung, and intestine. However, our data found that the pretreatment with EOC offered a significant protection against the injury induced by aspirin. It can be concluded that the protective effect of EOC can be due to its antioxidant activities.

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Histopathological Assessment of the Effect of Pregabalin Toxicity on Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Adult Albino Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-149289/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wael Abdou Hassan ◽

Shaimaa Shehata ◽

Ahmad ElBana

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Addictive Behaviors ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Cerebral Cortex Tissue

Abstract Background: Pregabalin (PGB) used as analgesic in treatment of neurogenic pains of chronic diseases, is considered as one of the most abused anti-epileptic drugs worldwide and it has been proved that it induces addictive behaviors. The present histopathological study aimed to identify the effect of PGB administration on cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex, in both acute and chronic toxicity. Seventy-two male and non-pregnant female adult albino rats’ 6- to 8-week-old divided into 3 main groups of 24 rats each were studied. Group 1 represented the control group and group 2 represented the acute toxicity group, in which rats were given a single dose of PGB (5000 mg/kg) orally by gavage and after 24 hours, rats were sacrificed and examined. Group 3 represented the chronic toxicity group; were given PGB 500 mg/kg orally by gavage for 12 weeks, after which rats were sacrificed and examined. Result: Cerebral cortex tissue of acute toxicity group displayed astrocytosis and dystrophic changes, while in chronic group showed degeneration, necrosis and cellular infiltrates. The cerebellum of chronic groups showed degeneration and shrunken of Purkinje cells. Conclusion: Acute and chronic intoxication with pregabalin adversely altered the structure of cerebral cortex and cerebellum.

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Propolis Protective Effects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity via Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Histopathological Alterations in Female Albino Rats

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac122.17621777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1762-1777

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Large Scale ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Protective Agent ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Treatment Protocols

Doxorubicin (DOX) is effective chemotherapy in several malignancies, but large-scale toxicities limit its clinical usefulness. Propolis has been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. We aim to assess the protective efficacy of propolis against DOX-induced multi-toxicity in female rats. Forty female rats were divided into four groups: control group; Group (P) were administrated oral propolis (100 mg/kg once daily for 28 days); Group (P+DOX) were injected with a single intraperitoneal dose of DOX (20 mg/kg i.p at 24th day after the propolis administration) and group (DOX) were injected with doxorubicin only. Estimation of cardiac, renal and hepatic injury markers, apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines were done using sera. Also, liver and heart tissue samples were collected to determine GSH and MDA as oxidative stress markers. In addition to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of Cytochrome-C and Connexin43 on lysed myocardium, liver, kidney and lung tissues. Doxorubicin toxicity caused marked deteriorations of measured parameters through the different mechanisms in different body organs. However, pre-treatment with propolis significantly ameliorated these alterations. Thus propolis can ameliorate the DOX-induced experimental multi-toxicity as cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, nephritis and pneumonia. Thus, it could be a promising protective agent in DOX treatment protocols.

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A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520927015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (9) ◽

pp. 2161-2169

Author(s):

Dong Min Kim ◽

In Kyoung Shim ◽

Myung Jin Shin ◽

Jae Hee Choi ◽

Yu Na Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Rotator Cuff ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Rat Model ◽

Combination Treatment ◽

Biomechanical Testing ◽

Female Rats ◽

Muscle Quality ◽

Control Group ◽

The Mean

Background: Tearing and degeneration of the rotator cuff at the tendon-to-bone junction are common in adults aged ≥50 years. Few studies have reported on the relationship between estrogen and the rotator cuff enthesis. In addition to preventing bone loss, selective estrogen receptor modulators have been shown to improve tendon and muscle quality. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of raloxifene (RLX) and vitamin D on rotator cuff tendon-to-bone healing in a rat model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 29 female rats (58 shoulders) were assigned to 4 groups: (1) control group, (2) ovariectomy (OVX)–only group, (3) no RLX group (OVX and rotator cuff repair [RCR]), and (4) RLX group (OVX, RCR, and RLX). Rats that did not undergo rotator cuff tear (RCT) surgery were divided into the control and OVX-only groups according to OVX surgery. Rats that underwent RCT surgery and RCR were divided into the no RLX and RLX groups according to RLX and vitamin D administration. An estrogen-deficient state was induced by OVX at 12 weeks of age. Bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone characteristics were measured by micro–computed tomography, and healing of the tendon-to-bone junction was evaluated by biomechanical testing, histomorphometry, and micro–magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The mean final body weight (BW; 461.6 ± 47.3 g) of the OVX-only group was significantly higher and BMD (0.25 ± 0.07 g/cm3) was significantly lower ( P < .001) than the mean final BW (338.5 ± 35.1 g) and BMD (0.48 ± 0.05 g/cm3) of the control group. In contrast, the RLX group showed that the BW (369.6 ± 35.8 g) and BMD (0.41 ± 0.08 g/cm3) were not significantly different from the control group. The RLX group had a significantly higher histomorphometric total score (8.50 ± 1.05) than the no RLX group (4.83 ± 2.48). On biomechanical testing, the RLX group (29.7 ± 9.1 N) showed a significantly higher load to failure than the no RLX group (19.4 ± 8.8 N). On micro-MRI, the RLX group had a more homogeneous low signal and tendon continuity than the no RLX group. Conclusion: The combination treatment of RLX and vitamin D prevented a decrease in local BMD (greater tuberosity of the proximal humerus) and enhanced tendon-to-bone healing of the rotator cuff in a rat model. Clinical Relevance: This study induced an estrogen-deficient state similar to the human postmenopausal state and used drugs that are actually being prescribed in a clinical situation.

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Effect of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on serum creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar albino rats

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v13i2.39477 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 47-53

Author(s):

Sharmin Nahar ◽

Qazi Shamima Akhter

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Body Weight ◽

Troponin I ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Heart Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb ◽

The Mean ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing day by day in Bangladesh due to socioeconomic transition. Spices and herbs are important source of remedy for various diseases in human. Curcuma longa suggested to be used as an indigenous medicine for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To observe the effect of Curcuma longa in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during 2015. Twenty one Wistar albino male rats, weighing 100 to 150 g (initial body weight); aged 85 to 100 days were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, the rats were divided into BC (Baseline control group), ISP-TC (Isoproterenol treated control group) and CLP-ISPT (Curcuma longa pretreated and isoproterenol treated group). Each group consisted of 7 rats. After experiment, on the 10th day, final body weight was taken, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from the heart. The heart was removed and weighed. Serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) level was estimated by ELISA method and Troponin I (cTnI) level by AxSYM method. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: In this study, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.001) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly higher but mean heart weight was non significantly higher in ISP-TC in comparison to those of BC. Again, the mean percent (%) change of body weight (p<0.01), mean heart weight (p<0.01), mean serum CK-MB (p<0.01) and cTnI (p<0.001) levels were significantly lower in CLP-ISPT than those of ISP-TC group. Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that Curcuma longa may have cardioprotective effect. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, December; 13(2): 47-53

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Aortae of Young Rats with Metabolic Syndrome Exhibit Enhanced Vasoconstrictor Activity Than Older Rats

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa065.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

R H Ali ◽

N M B Gamil ◽

A M Abdelrahman ◽

M A Ahmed ◽

G K Megahed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Young Adult ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Vasoconstrictor Response ◽

Nitrite Content

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) causes pathological remodeling of the heart and adjacent vessels. The functional changes in the big vessels in different age groups had not been fully delineated. Aim of the work The present study was planned to investigate aortic vasodilator and vasoconstrictor reactivity in young, adult and old female rats with MetS. Design: The experimental study was performed on 90 female albino rats randomized into 6 groups: young, adult and old rats with MetS and their respective control groups. Methods MetS was induced by feeding rats 41% fructose -containing diet and giving fructose solution (5 g fructose in 4 ml distilled water/day) by gavage in two sessions (2 ml/session). On the 8th week, all rats were sacrificed and were subjected to determination of body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), absolute and relative visceral fat weight (VF), fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin (PI), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and plasma lipid profile. All rats’ aortae were subjected to study of vascular reactivity to Potassium chloride (KCL), phenylephrine (PE) and acetyl choline (A.Ch) as well as estimation of nitrite content. Results On the 8th week of the study, all MetS groups developed criteria of metabolic syndrome as evidenced by the significant increase in final BW, BMI, absolute and relative VF weights, FBG, PI and HOMA-IR compared to their control group values. Also, MetS rat groups exhibited evident dyslipidemia in the form of significant increase in plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol compared to their control group values. Aortae of young and adult MetS rat groups showed significant increase in their vasoconstrictor response to KCl and PE and decrease in A.Ch/KCL% and A.Ch/PE % compared to their controls, while old MetS rat group showed significantly increased vasoconstrictor response only to KCL compared to their controls. When compared to each other, young age MetS group had significantly higher vasoconstrictor response to PE compared to old MetS group despite comparable nitrite content. Conclusion Met.S causes functional vascular changes in all age groups with unexpectedly enhanced vasoconstrictor response in the young group compared to old.

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Neurotoxic Effects of Stanozolol on Male Rats‘ Hippocampi: Does Stanozolol cause apoptosis?

BioMolecular Concepts ◽

10.1515/bmc-2019-0009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 73-81

Author(s):

Faezeh Nemati Karimooy ◽

Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan ◽

Abbas Mohammadi Pour ◽

Seyed Mahmoud Hoseini

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

Cell Formation ◽

Treated Group ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Cell Detection ◽

Apoptotic Effect ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

The Mean

AbstractStanozolol is an anabolic-androgenic steroid which is commonly abused by athletes for improved energy, appearance, and physical size. It has been previously shown to cause changes in behaviour and has various physical effects. Studies have previously been conducted on its neurotoxic effect on the central nervous system (CNS), which are typically psychological in nature. This study was performed to investigate the apoptotic effect of stanozolol on different parts of the rat hippocampus. Sixteen male Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group received subcutaneous injections of stanozolol (5mg/kg/day) for consecutive 28 days, whereas the control group received saline using the same dosing schedule and administration route. After routine procedures, coronal sections of rat brain were stained with Toluidine blue and TUNEL for pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell detection, respectively. In order to compare groups, the mean number of TUNEL-positive and pre-apoptotic neurons per unit area were calculated and analysed. Histopathological examination revealed that the mean number of pre-apoptotic and apoptotic neurons in the CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG areas of the hippocampus were significantly increased in the stanozolol treated group. In conclusion, stanozolol abuse may induce pre-apoptotic and apoptotic cell formation in different regions of the hippocampus.

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The Potential Role of Hemopexin and Heme Oxygenase-1 Inducer in a Model of Sepsis

Physiology Journal ◽

10.1155/2015/208485 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Passainte S. Hassaan ◽

Radwa A. Mehanna ◽

Abeer E. Dief

Keyword(s):

Severe Sepsis ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Lung Parenchyma ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Sepsis Induction

Background and Aims. Sepsis can evoke disseminated intravascular coagulation, resulting in multiple organ failure and death. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hemopexin (HPx) can mediate cytoprotective mechanisms against these deleterious effects. This study aims to determine a role for HO-1 and HPx in coagulopathy induced by septic inflammation and define whether they can enhance the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Materials and Methods. 48 healthy male albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups: control group: animals subjected to laparotomy and bowel manipulation; CLP group: severe sepsis induced by cecal ligation puncture (CLP); CLP + hemin group: animals received single intraperitoneal injection of hemin (50 µmol/kg) 12 h before sepsis induction; CLP + HPx group: animals received single HPx dose (150 µg/rat, i.v.) 30 min before sepsis induction. Survival rates were calculated. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and activated protein C (APC), liver HO-1, serum, and liver IL-10 levels were measured, 48 hrs after sepsis induction. Liver and lung were excised for histopathological examination. Results. Hemin and HPx administration upregulated liver HO-1 and IL-10. They prolonged PT, PTT and increased APC. They reduced the inflammatory infiltrate and thrombosis in liver and lung parenchyma. However, hemin was superior in controlling coagulopathy and HO-1 production, while HPx was more potent stimulant of IL-10 expression. Conclusions. Hemin and HPx have a potential beneficial effect in severe sepsis regarding coagulopathy and inflammation.

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