scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRUPTION, SHADOW ECONOMY AND HAPPINESS. SURVEY ON ROMANIA

2021 ◽  
Vol IV(1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Violeta Achim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Average Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we address the relationship between happiness and acts of corruption and shadow economy in Romania. From our survey conducted on a sample of 101 respondents from Romania (on March 2020), we find that Romanian people do not link happiness to material issues in particular, but rather they see it as a consequence of having families, professional and spiritual fulfillment, while money and property are last in this ranking. The average income that would make the respondents happy is on average of 5,223 lei (about 1,100 Euro) per month, an amount that they consider necessary to cover the basic needs that influence their development. Our findings reveal that the most corruption practices encountered in the public institutions refer to receiving money and gifts for services to which people are entitled followed by receiving money and gifts to favor someone. However, corruption and shadow economy are not perceived as being very relevant in fully influencing the level of happiness they perceive.

scholarly journals The university-industry relationship under diferent approaches: the entrepreneurial university to academic capitalism

Educação ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Evandro Coggo Cristofoletti ◽  
Milena Pavan Serafim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Capitalism ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Industry Relationship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Industry

The economic and political changes in the world, from the 1970s, changed the political education of the Public Institutions of Higher Education in the world. The direction of these changes was clear: the university approachedthe market and the company and created interaction mechanisms that did not exist. The article therefore reviews the academic literature that interprets the relationship between university and market/company from two perspectives: approaches that positively position of interactions, exposing their motivations, interests and forms of interaction, especially the notions on Knowledge Economy and Entrepreneurial University; approaches that observe this interaction critically and reflectively, exposing the problems of interaction, its negative aspects and the reflection of the true role of the public university from the perspective of Academic Capitalism.

Optimizing Tabarru' Funds in Sharia Insurance by Digital Donation-Based Crowdfunding

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Diamantin Rohadatul Aisy
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Islamic Insurance ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic had transformed people's lifestyles in various aspects, among which is the priority shift where health is the main priority in addition to basic needs. In addition, the mobility restrictions during the pandemic have made society adapts to digitalized activities. The phenomenon of increasing donations is also a new occurrence in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, which shall be acknowledged as the digitized version of Indonesian tradition of mutual cooperation (gotong royong) to help each other to ease the burden on people affected by COVID-19. This phenomenon is similar to the concept of tabarru’’ funds in sharia insurance which uses the mutual assistance (ta'awun) principle among insurance participants. Due to the increase of public awareness of health and high solidarity in the midst of this pandemic, Islamic insurance can find opportunities to increase the number of Tabarru’' Funds participation, with a touch of digital innovation for wider reach in the society. This research aims to develop the management of sharia insurance combined with donation-based crowdfunding management to apply in optimizing tabarru’’ funds. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive methods, to explore the qualitative datas in several phenomenon of sharia insurance and crowdfunding, and generate a description of the relationship between these phenomena. The results of this study explain that the crowdfunding management can be applied in management of tabarru' funds in Shria insurance, including the following (1) Prospective donors and prospective respondent are both can registered as insurance participants; (2) Donations paid by donors as insurance installment are collected in tabarru’ funds; (3) Every donors and respondents has the same rights over the donation funds; (4) Sharia insurance management applies the principle of crowdfunding transparency through the public financial statements of donation funds or tabarru’ funds, and the report of donor respondent’s progress.

scholarly journals More bang for your buck: tax compliance in the United States and Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D’Attoma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Specific Tax ◽  
Country Specific

AbstractI investigate the relationship between perception of public institutions and tax compliance using a large tax compliance laboratory experiment conducted in Italy and the United States. In the first test, I conduct a simple tax compliance game to uncover that given the exact same decisions, contributions to the public good do not differ between Italy and the United States. Second, I ask participants to pay taxes to their national government, pension fund and fire department. In these rounds, behaviours diverge with Italian participants complying significantly less than Americans. Theoretically, I provide evidence demonstrating that how individuals perceive their institutions is a crucial component of the tax compliance decision. Methodologically, I provide a unique experiment, which can help us to better explain crosscountry variation in tax compliance, by asking subjects to make country-specific tax decisions.

scholarly journals Organizational Behavior in the Central Public Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Evelyne Ingrid Mitu ◽  
Elena Loredana Comănescu
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Public Service ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Service System ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Redefining recruitment systems and evaluating civil servants to take into account a number of general macroeconomic issues. Professionalization of the public function in order to identify future practical solutions to recruitment and evaluation processes is necessary to make a decision on several fundamental aspects of the public service system. Analysis of the relationship between the available human resources and the probable evolution of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the existing resources as well as the design of future resources.

scholarly journals To philosophize by dreaming, to dream by philosophizing: an encounter of children

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Edna Olimpia da Cunha ◽  
Waldênia Leão de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
State University ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
Project Participants ◽  
Philosophical Project ◽  
The Relationship

This text is inspired by the joint work of two public institutions: State University of Rio de Janeiro and Municipal School Joaquim da Silva Peçanha, located on the outskirts of the State of Rio de Janeiro, through the continuing education and research project entitled Can philosophy be incorporated in Caxias? The public school bets on thinking. The project was initially intended to be developed only in courses for children but then it was expanded to courses for young people and adults. We address the possible relation between the establishment and the expansion of the philosophical project and children’s affirmation power as a breakthrough and novelty. In other words, we seek to study what childhood can be, not only for children but for people of all ages. How can the relationship between children, philosophizing, thinking, and dreaming be addressed? Often, we the project participants are surprised by the curiosity stimulated by sharing and telling our stories. We will aim to recover remarkable experiences in order to analyze the power of philosophy in overcoming boundaries, becoming childish, inviting to dream, and transforming lives.

scholarly journals SHADOW ECONOMY AND CORRUPTION IN THE BALKANS – IS THERE A CONNECTION AND WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radostina Ivcheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Poverty Levels ◽  
High Share ◽  
Very High

Economies in the Balkans are lagging behind more advanced countries in Europe in their economic development. In some sense that could be a result of the high share of the shadow economy in those countries. Research points out several causes of shadow activities such as low tax morale, high levels of unemployment, weak business environment and very high poverty levels, lack of trust in the state and the public institutions, high perceptions of corruption and also the high taxation levels. This issue affects directly the economy as well as indirectly the whole society. This paper aims to find a positive link between the volumes of the shadow economy and corruption in eight Balkan economies: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo and North Macedonia and Bulgaria.

scholarly journals A urbanidade como dever funcional no direito administrativo brasileiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Fabiana Santos Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Competence ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Relationship

<p>A urbanidade é um termômetro que permite perceber como determinada sociedade, em determinado contexto e época, percebe a autoridade, o serviço público e a relação entre instituições estatais e o cidadão. Exigir um comportamento adequado do servidor à missão e aos limites da sua competência legal como forma de garantir a correta prestação do serviço é uma forma de incrementar a produtividade e a eficiência, além de preservar a boa imagem das instituições, e que também contribui para aperfeiçoar a conduta do servidor em todos os aspectos de sua vida funcional e privada. A metodologia de pesquisa consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada por meio da análise de livros, artigos científicos, de revista e pesquisa documental quanto à legislação específica.</p><p>Civility is a thermometer that indicates how society, in a specific contexto and at a specific time, perceives authority, public service and the relationship between citizens and public institutions. Demanding from public servants a standard of behavior that is appropriate to their mission and the limits of their legal competence, as a means of ensuring that they do their jobs properly, is a way to increase productivity and efficiency and preserve the reputation of an institution; and it also helps improve the public servant’s behavior in all aspects of their work and private life. The research methodology consisted of an analysis of books, scientific articles and magazines, and documentary research relative to specific legislation.</p>

scholarly journals All smoke, no fire? Sharing practices and political investment in two Italian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Emanuele Polizzi ◽  
Matteo Bassoli
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe practice of sharing products, services, and other activities among people living in the same city has emerged as one of the most important waves of social innovation in recent years. However, the public and scientific debate have, to date, been mostly rhetoric and rarely relied on empirical evidence. A study of the role played by local institutions in governing the phenomenon is still lacking. This paper addresses the issue of the relationship between local governments and private actors in the sharing economy sector, exploiting the ‘political exchange’ approach. Departing from this governance perspective, it appraises the political exchange – and its outputs in terms of co-operation – underlying the governing structures in two Italian cases between 2014 and 2018. We thus bridge the gap between a theoretical understanding of the sharing economy and empirical cases, providing scholars with a framework to study this phenomenon which highlights the crucial impact of the political investment of public institutions.

scholarly journals The relationship between management styles and trainers’ job motivation in the public institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Nedim Malkoc ◽  
Suzan Dal
Keyword(s):  
Management Style ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Democratic Management ◽  
Job Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

<p><span>The study aimed to determine the relationship between perceptions of management styles and trainers' motivation in the public sports institutions, and to examine the effect of management styles on job motivation. The sample of the research consists of 190 trainers, 18 of whom are women and 172 of whom are men working in the public sports institutions. In the study, descriptive scanning method was used, and the data obtained were analyzed by making statistical procedures such as frequency, correlation, regression analysis. It was found that democratic management style and paternalist management style had a positive effect on trainers’ job motivation. However, the liberal management style and authoritarian management style were found to have a negative effect on trainers’ job motivation.</span></p>

scholarly journals The relationship between the climate of organizations and the type of communication in a public institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 204-216
Author(s):  
Mihaela Luminița Sandu ◽  
Tănase Tasențe ◽  
Georgiana Mădălina Stafie
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

The organizational climate is a multi-dimensional construction that comprises a variety of work environment assessments. These assessments may refer to the dimensions of the environment, such as roles within the institution, load orientation and most often communication. The overall perceptions of the organizational climate develop as individuals attribute meaning to their organizational context based on the significance of the balance of work environment and individual values. The organizational climate fully in line with the type of effective communication dominates the public institutions in Romania, contributing to administrative efficiency.

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