scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM BATHROOMS IN FEMALE STUDENTS’ HOSTEL, UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
C. L. Ozoaduche ◽  
I. B. Idemudia
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucor Mucedo ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

Fungi are specifically dangerous as they exhibit a significant tolerance to environmental changes and can proliferate under low relative humidity, unlike bacteria. They produce spores that are easily dispersed by air hence they are ubiquitous. The study aimed at identifying the fungal isolates present in the bathrooms located on the three floors of the hostel, University of Benin, Benin City. Samples were collected from the walls of the bathrooms using sterile swab sticks and were identified using standard microbiological techniques. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus nidulans, A. niger, A. tamarii, A.  flavus, Candida albicans, Penicillium cyclopium, P. oxalicum, Mucor mucedo, Trichophyton rubrum and Rhodotorula species. From the ground floor bathrooms, Candida albicans (23.40%) were most frequently isolated, Aspergillus nidulans (55.56%) were mostly isolated from the first floor and Mucor mucedo (56.00%) were the most isolated from the second floor.  After washing the bathrooms, Mucor mucedo was scarcely isolated from the walls of the bathrooms. The findings were processed statistically using the two-tailed test to detect the significant difference between the groups of means for the fungal counts from each floor. A significant difference (p<0.05) in the fungi isolated before and after washing was found. Isolated fungi from this study are known to be of public health importance hence, strict hygiene practices should be observed by those using the bathrooms.

scholarly journals Perbedaan pH Saliva Sebelum Dan Sesudah Mengunyah Permen Karet Xylitol Pada Pemakai Alat Orthodonti Cekat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Gita Komala Dewi ◽  
Susilarti Susilarti ◽  
Almujadi Almujadi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliance

Orthodontic treatment may lead to environmental changes in the oral cavity that may occur in a number of users of the orthodontic appliance, such as changes in bacterial concentration, salivary buffering capacity, salivary acidity (pH) and salivary flow rate. Xylitol stimulates salivary flow and helps restore saliva acid/base balance because it cannot be converted to acid by oral bacteria. To identify the difference in salivary pH before and after chewing xylitol gum in the users of fixed orthodontic appliance. This research is quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. Samples were students of SMA Kolombo Sleman who used a fixed orthodontic appliance. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon test. The salivary pH of the users of a fixed orthodontic appliance before chewing xylitol gum mostly belonged to acid criterion (43.8%), and the base criterion (34.3%). After chewing xylitol gum, the salivary pH of the users of fixed orthodontic appliance mostly belonged to a neutral criterion (78.1%). The results of the Wilcoxon test showed that the salivary pH before and after chewing gum xylitol in the users of fixed orthodontic appliance had a P value of 0.027 <α 0.05. There is a significant difference in salivary pH before and after chewing xylitol gum in users of fixed orthodontic appliance.

Pharmacist Intervention and Quality of Life of HIV-Infected Patients in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Shakirat I Bello
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Assessment of quality of life of HIV-infected patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is imperative in the management of the disease. This study was done to assess the quality of life (QOL) of HIV-infected patients on cART before and after the pharmacist intervention. Consented HIV diagnosed outpatients in a tertiary health care facility in Benin City that met inclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled into the study. The QOL of these patients was determined in the four domains of WHOQOLHIV BREF instrument. The raw scores for each domain in the WHOQOL-HIV BREF were calculated by adding values of single items. The scores were computed on the scale of 0 to 100. One way ANOVA and Student t-test were used to compare means. At baseline, mean QOL values were below 73. The lowest values were in the social domain and the best values in the physical domain. The QOL values increased steadily over the period of interventions with the highest mean QOL of 93.7 in the physical domain. The improvement in QOL was significant at 6 and 9 months following interventions (p < 0.001). The values obtained are expressed in percentage. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients on cART in all domains of QOL following the intervention. Patients on Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Efavirenz combination therapy had significantly higher scores in all the domains of QOL as compared with other drug combinations used in the management of the patients. The only educational level of the patients was significantly associated with the patients’ QOL. The intervention in this prospective study was a success, as it led to increasing in QOL for the patients on cART from the baseline level to the end of the 9th month.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 132-138, 2017

Effects of Sodium Trimetaphosphate, Associated or Not with Fluoride, on the Composition and pH of Mixed Biofilms, before and after Exposure to Sucrose

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Thamires Priscila Cavazana ◽  
Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽  
Thayse Yumi Hosida ◽  
Caio Sampaio ◽  
Viviane de Oliveira Zequini Amarante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biofilm Fluid ◽  
Difference Test

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP), associated or not with fluoride (F), on the concentrations of F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) and on the pH of mixed biofilms of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, before and after exposure to sucrose. The biofilms received three treatments (72, 78, and 96 h after the beginning of their formation), at three TMP concentrations (0.25, 0.5, or 1%), with or without F at 500 ppm. Solutions containing 500 and 1,100 ppm F as well as artificial saliva were also tested as controls. Biofilm pH was measured and the concentrations of F, Ca, and P were determined (solid and fluid phases). In a parallel experiment, after the third treatment (96 h), the biofilms were exposed to a 20% sucrose solution to simulate a cariogenic challenge and the pH of the medium, F, Ca, P, and TMP were determined. The data were submitted by two-way ANOVA, followed by Fisher’s least significant difference test (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Treatment with TMP and 500 ppm F led to higher F concentration in the biofilm fluid. Although TMP did not affect Ca concentrations, biofilms treated with TMP alone presented higher P concentrations. Treatment with 1% TMP and F led to the highest pH values of the biofilm, both before and after the cariogenic challenge. It was concluded that TMP increases F and P in the biofilm and that its presence promotes an increase in the pH of the medium, even after the cariogenic challenge.

scholarly journals Surface Roughness and Adherence of Candida Albicans on Soft Lining Materials as Influenced by Accelerated Aging

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Filiz Tari ◽  
Dilek Nalbant ◽  
Funda Dogruman Al ◽  
Semra Kustimur
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Coated Materials ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Aim Candida albicans (C. albicans) has been widely associated with the etiology of denture-related stomatitis and has been found on soft denture lining materials. The aim of this study was to examine the surface roughness and adherence of C. albicans to saliva coated and non-coated soft lining materials by subjecting them to an in vitro accelerated aging test. Methods and Materials Samples were prepared from three soft lining materials (Visco Gel, Ufi Gel P, Molloplast B). Surface roughness measurements and adhesion of C. albicans were examined before and after an aging process. The stimulated human whole saliva was used to assess its effect on adhesion. Results The aging process promotes the surface roughness of soft lining materials. The aging surface roughness of Visco Gel was significantly higher than Ufi Gel P and Molloplast B. No significant difference was observed between non-aged and uncoated materials, but aged and uncoated soft lining materials showed a greater adherence of C. albicans. No significant difference was observed between non-aged and saliva coated materials, but aged and saliva coated soft lining materials showed a greater adherence of C. albicans. Conclusions Candidosis induced by C. albicans is the most common fungal infection. Awareness of susceptibility of soft lining materials to the adherence of C. albicans is an important factor in their selection. The use of soft lining materials with smooth surfaces minimizes the adherence of C. albicans. Citation Tari BF, Nalbant D, Dogruman Al F, Kustimur S. Surface Roughness and Adherence of Candida Albicans on Soft Lining Materials as Influenced by Accelerated Aging. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:018-025.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

Melatih Kepemimpinan Perangkat Desa Kebonharjo Kulonprogo: Membangun Sikap Anti Korupsi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Adi Heryadi ◽  
Evianawati Evianawati
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Measuring Tool

This study aims to prove whether transformational leadership training is effective for building anti-corruption attitudes of villages in Kebonharjo village, subdistrict Samigaluh Kulonprogo. This research is an experimental research with one group pre and posttest design.Subject design is 17 people from village of 21 candidates registered. Measuring tool used in this research is the scale of anti-corruption perception made by the researcher referring to the 9 anti-corruption values with the value of reliability coefficient of 0.871. The module used as an intervention made by the researcher refers to the transformational leadership dimension (Bass, 1990). The data collected is analyzed by statistical analysis of different test Paired Sample Test. Initial data collection results obtained sign value of 0.770 which means> 0.05 or no significant difference between anti-corruption perception score between before and after training. After a period of less than 1 (one) month then conducted again the measurement of follow-up of the study subjects in the measurement again using the scale of anti-corruption perception. The results of the second data collection were analysed with Paired Samples Test and obtained the value of 0.623 sign meaning p> 0.05 or no significant difference between post test data with follow-up data so that the hypothesis of this study was rejected.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

STUDY CLINICAL FEATURE AND RESULT OF TREATMENT PHACOMORPHIC GLAUCOMA

2015 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Van Nam Phan ◽  
Ba Ken Tran
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Anterior Chamber Angle ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Before And After

Purpose: Study clinical feature of phacomorphic glaucoma. To evaluate the result of treatment phacomorphic glaucoma. Method: The retrospective, interventional study on 36 cases with phacomorphic glaucoma who underwent treated at Hue Central Hospital from 6/2010 to 6/2011. Standard of research: visual, IOP, before and after surgery, accompanying lesions and post-operative complications. The surgery is considered successful when postoperative IOP less than 21 mmHg. Results: Age 50-59 presented 30.5 percent, ≥ 60 presented 91.7 percent. There was a slight female preponderance (66.7%) compared to the male population (33.3%) which implies a statistically marginally significant difference. However there was no statistical significance difference when compared by the two subgroups. Patient in country presented 61,1% and city presented 38,9%. The duration between the onset of pain and surgery from 0 to < 5 days (77.8%), from 6 to 10 (16.7%) and >10 days presented 5.5%. The preoperative intraocular pressure 35 to 45mmHg (47.2%), 46-55 (30.6%), 56-65 (13.9%) and more than 65 presented 8.3%. The visual acuity preoperation less than 1metre count finger (94.5%), less than 3 metre count finger presented 5.5%. Close anterior chamber angle presented 80.6% and shallow was presented 19.4%. Corneal edema presented 100%, iritis presented 94.4%, dilated pupil larger 5mm presented 83.3%, Synchynea iris and cataract presented 72.2%. ECCE, implantation IOL combined trabeculectomy presented 11.1%, Phaco, implantation IOL combined trabeculectomy presented 69,5%, ECCE implantation IOL presented 5.6%, Phaco, implantation IOL presented 13.8%. Postoperative visual acuity from 1/10 to 5/10 presented 72.2%, no case have VA larger than 5/10. Postoperative 3 months VA 1/10 to 5/10 presented 72.2%, larger VA 5/10 presented 8.3%. Postoperative 3 months intraocular pressure ≤ 21mmHg presented 91.7%, 22 to 24mmHg presented 8.3%, no case have IOP ≥25mmHg. Postoperative edema presented 58.3%, iritis presented 58.3%. Key words: phacomorphic Glaucoma

PERBEDAAN FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE PASCA SECONDARY OFFERINGS

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Djaja Perdana ◽  
Herbowo Herbowo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Asset Turnover

This study aims to examine the differences in corporate financial performance before and after secondary offerings. The financial performance is proxied by WCR, DER, Solvency, ROA, ROE, Asset Turnover (ATO) and Growth ratio which representing the value of liquidity, financing, activity, performance and growth of the firm. The study involved 67 samples of the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange conducting secondary offerings during 2008-2013 period and selected through purposive random sampling method and using Financial Statement data from 2005-2016 period. Hypothesis test is performed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in the ratio of Solvency, ROA and ROE between before and after secondary offerings, but there are significant differences in the ratio of WCR, DER, Asset Turnover and Growth. WCR ratio after secondary offerings increased, while DER ratio after secondary offerings decreased, the condition of both ratios showed better performance. While the indication of poor performance seen in decreasing asset turnover ratio and growth ratio.Keywords : agency theory, financial performance, secondary offerings

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