Antitubercular study on stem bark of Albizia procera (ROXB.) BENTH using Microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 6405-6408
Author(s):  
Sathish M ◽  
Anand D ◽  
Guruvigneshwari. M ◽  
Dhiraj Kumaar S ◽  
Soundarya. S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Alamar Blue ◽  
The Family ◽  
Albizia Procera

Albizia procera commonly known as white siris is a large deciduous tree of the family Mimosideae, widely distributed throughout India. Traditionally the plant is used in convulsions, pain, delirium, cancer and septicemia. The decoction of bark is given for rheumatism, hemorrhage and is considered useful in treating pregnancy problems, for stomach ache and sinus.The preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of Albizia procera shows the presence of active constituents like flavonoids, phenolic compounds and tannins. Earlier studies show the flavonoids and phenolic compounds play major role in antitubercular activity. Based on this, we made an attempt to evaluate the antitubercular potential of this plant. The ethanolic extract and its fractions (Hexane and Ethyl acetate) were investigated for antitubercular activity using Alamar Blue dye method (MABA), in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis was sensitive upto 3.12μg/ml.The extract and fractions show better anti tubercular activity than streptomycin and potentially equal to pyrazinamide and ciprofloxacin. The observed activity may be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compound which is confirmed by HPTLC. This investigation on stem bark of Albizia procera has the potential to be developed further into a natural Anti-TB drug.

scholarly journals In vivo Neurological, Analgesic and In vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Leaf and Stem Bark of Wedelia chinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Sayema Khanum ◽  
Md Shahid Sarwar ◽  
Mohammad Safiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities

Wedelia chinensis is a widely used anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective medicinal plant in Bangladesh. In this study, analgesic, neurological, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the ethanolic extract of leaf and stem bark of W. chinensis were investigated. Oral administration of the ethanolic extract of W. chinensis (200- and 300-mg/kg body weight) was investigated on animal model for neurological activity using open field test and hole cross test. Acetic acid induced writhing method was used to assess the analgesic activity. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used for determining the antioxidant activity, while brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used for investigating cytotoxicity. The ethanol extract of the plant produced significant reduction (P<0.05) of locomotion in both doses (200- and 300-mg/kg body weight) indicating pronounced neurological activity. Oral administration of alcoholic leaves and stem extracts significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited writhing response in mice. The percentage of scavenging of DPPH free radical was found to be concentration dependent with IC50 value of 44.10 ± 0.65 and 38.96 ± 0.50 μg/ml for leaves and stem extracts, respectively. Our findings indicate that W. chinensis may be a source of natural antioxidant with potent analgesic, neurological and cytotoxic activities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 18-26, 2019

Ethanolic extract of Erythrina velutina Willd ameliorate schizophrenia-like behavior induced by ketamine in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiara Coelho Ximenes ◽  
Manuel Alves Dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Germana Silva Vasconcelos ◽  
Kátia Cilene Ferreira Dias ◽  
Mércia Marques Jucá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Interesting Alternative

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder, characterized by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. In general, several plants have shown activity in diseases related to the central nervous system (e.g., Erythrina velutina (EEEV), also known as “mulungu”). For this reason, we aimed to investigate the effects of standardized ethanol extract obtained from the stem bark of EEEV on the schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by ketamine (KET) administration. Methods Swiss mice were treated with KET (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline for 14 days. In addition, from 8th to 14th days, saline, EEEV (200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) or olanzapine (OLAN 2 mg/kg, p.o.) were associated to the protocol. On the 14th day of treatment, schizophrenia-like symptoms were evaluated by the prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI), locomotor activity evaluated by the open field test (OFT), spatial recognition memory evaluated by the Y-maze task and social interaction test (SIT). Results KET has caused deficits in PPI, and it has also has caused hyperlocomotion in OFT and deficits in SIT as compared to control. EEEV in both doses used, reversed behavioral changes induced by KET, likewise results obtained with the administration of OLAN. Conclusions Taken together, the results demonstrate that the standard extract of EEEV was able to revert schizophrenia-like symptoms, due to the administration in repeated doses of ketamine. Thus, our findings lead to a new perspective for the use of EEEV an interesting alternative for drug discovery in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals KORELASI KANDUNGAN FENOLIK DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN JAMBU METE

Biomedika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Trisharyanti Dian Kusumowati ◽  
Rosita Melannisa ◽  
Kartikaning Ratri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Positive Correlation

The ethanolic extract of Anacardium occidentale L. leaves contains phenolic compounds,  avonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids that could have antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation between the antioxidant activity and the phenolic compounds of the ethanol extract of Anacardium occidentale L. leaf. The DPPH methode was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The total phenolic determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. There was a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in the ethanolic extract of cashew leaf with correlation coef cient R2 = 0.5888.Keywords: Anacardium occidentale L., antioxidant, phenolic compounds

scholarly journals Comparative anti-ulcerogenic activities of the leaf, seed and stem bark hydromethanolic extracts of Picralima nitida in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Maxwell I. Ezeja ◽  
Kalu K. Igwe ◽  
Okezie V. Ikpeazu
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

Background: Picralima nitida (Stapf) commonly called akuamma belongs to the family apocynaceae found mostly in forest areas of Africa. It is a shrub or a deciduous tree that can grow up to 35 meters in height. It has a cylindrical trunk measuring about 60 cm in diameter with white latex in its parts. The bark of the trunk is fragile and is greyish brown or black in colour.Methods: The acute oral toxicity test was done using up and down method. The anti-ulcerogenic activities of the leaf, seed and stem bark extracts were evaluated using ethanol-induced ulceration model in rats.Results: There were no signs of morbidity and mortality in rats following oral acute toxicity test. The extracts produced a significant (p<0.05) dose dependent reduction in the number of ulcers and ulcer scores reducing them from 14.00±2.82 and to 56.00±4.55 to as low as 2.00±1.21 and 8.45±1.24 respectively. The ulcer preventive index was also increased by P. nitida extracts in a dose dependent manner with the (Picralima nitida leaf extract) PNLE at the dose of 400 mg/kg causing up to 76.13% inhibition of ulcers in the rats.Conclusions: Picralima nitida extracts demonstrated significant anti-ulcerogenic activities in ethanol-induced gastric ulcerations in rats.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents of ethanol extract of leaves and molluscicidal activity of crude extracts from vitex trifolia linn.

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeet S. Jangwan ◽  
Rita P. Aquino ◽  
Teresa Mencherini ◽  
Patrizia Picerno ◽  
Raghubir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Biomphalaria Alexandrina ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
First Time

Abstract β-sitosterol and two triterpenoids: ursolic acid acetate and platanic acid have been isolated from ethanolic extract of Vitex trifola leaves. β-sitosterol was previously isolated from the leaves, stem and seeds of Vitex trifolia. Ursolic acid acetate has been isolated for the first time in this plant species. Platanic acid has been reported for the first time in Vitex trifolia and even in the family of this plant: Verbenaceae. These compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods including 1D-1HNMR, 13CNMR, ESIMS and 2D-NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY) experiments and confirmed by comparison of their NMR data with those from the literature. A preliminary molluscicidal test for ethanol, chloroform and n-hexane extracts of leaves of Vitex trifolia against Biomphalaria alexandrina adult snails showed that ethanol extract of leaves with LC50 value 26.42 mg/l (27.92 mg/l - 24.99 mg/l) was more effective than n-hexane extract with LC50 value 35.48 mg/l (43.81 mg/l - 28.72mg/l) and chloroform extract with LC50 value 46.77 mg/l (53.59 mg/l - 43.81 mg/l) after 24 h exposure.

scholarly journals Isolation of Pyran Composition and Anti-Parkinson’s Activity of euphorbia Cyathophora

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
S Ruby ◽  
B Jaykar
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Muscle Rigidity ◽  
Dopamine Level ◽  
Phenolic Derivative ◽  
Isolated Compound

Aim of the study: The aim of this research was to investigate the phytochemical profile, isolate the phytoconsitutuents, Characterised and evaluation of Anti Parkinson activity of ethanolic extract of Indian Medicinal plant of E.cyathophora Materials and methods: Qualitative phytochemical analysis for their phyto constituents. Ethanol was used to extract the crude bio active compound from whole E. Cyathophora plant. Phenolic derivative were isolated from the ethanolic extract of E. cyathophora by using suitable solvent system and characterised by IR, NMR, MASS spectrophotometric method. The total Neuroprotective activities of E. Cyathophora extract were measured by haloperidol induced experimental animal models. Result: Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed phenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic compounds and Tannins were in high amounts. The isolated compound Phenolic derivative showed various regions from IR, NMR and MASS the functional groups, mass of the molecule and proton were analysed and confirmed. The effects of E. Cyathophora (200, 400mg/kg, p.o) were studied using in vivo behavioural parameters like catalepsy, muscle rigidity and locomotor activity and its effects on neurochemical parameters in rats. The increased haloperidol-induced cataleptic scores were significantly(p<0.01) found to be reduced, with EEEC at dose of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg(ip). EEEC administration showed significant increase in dopamine level and significant reduced in serotonin and L-glutamate level. Daily administration of EEEC (400mg/kg) significantly improved motor performance. Conclusion: Overall results the study proved that E. Cyathophora possessed potential components involving in anti -Parkinson treatment significantly attenuated the motor defects and also increased the neuro chemical dopamine level. Keywords: E. cyathophora, Anti-Parkinson‟s activity, Ethanol extract, L-Dopa, Carbidopa and Haloperidol.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical evaluation and anti-convulsant property of Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae) root

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Manoj Kumar ◽  
Mohammad Azamthulla ◽  
Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Crown Shape ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content ◽  
Annona Reticulata

Abstract Background The present investigation was aimed at establishing the pharmacognostical parameters and preliminary phytochemical screening of Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae) root. Pharmacognostical studies and phytochemical evaluation of A. reticulata root were carried out by following standard procedures to provide information that help to identify the species. The species of Annonaceae family are documented to possess anticonvulsant property, while A. reticulata and its root are reported to be used as a folklore medicine to treat epilepsy. In this study, anti-convulsant activity of the root extract was further investigated in mouse model with seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ; 60 mg/kg, i.p.). Diazepam (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard anti-convulsant drug. Prior to induction of seizures, ethanol extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.,) and 0.1% sodium CMC were administered. Later, the onset, duration of convulsions along with recovery was recorded. Results A. reticulata can be recognized by its crown shape, leaves with lengthy petioles, fleshy petals and heart-shaped fruits. Roots are cylindrical with rootlets and have aromatic odour. Presence of oil globules and rhomboidal calcium oxalate crystals in cortex, sclerenchyma cells in cortex and secondary phloem, starch grains in cortex, secondary phloem and secondary xylem, and uni- to tri-seriate medullary rays are the key diagnostic characters of root. Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, proteins, fixed oil and fats. The total alkaloid content in the root was 0.524% w/w, while total flavonoid and total phenolic content in ethanol extract were 16.65 mg QE/g and 59.54 mg GAE/g, respectively. Based on the values obtained from anti-convulsant activity, it is evident that the ethanol extract offered significant protection against PTZ-induced convulsion in mice. Conclusion The current pharmacognostical study aids not only in identification of crude drug material but also in establishing the standardization parameters. Further, the findings of this study indicated that the ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata Linn root displayed significant anti-convulsant property and this property could be attributed to imperative bioactives like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, in addition to other secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Assessment of Anthelmintic Property and Insilico study of phytocompounds in roots of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raveesha Peeriga ◽  
Keerthi Priyanka Adarapu ◽  
Kavya Sri Sanivar ◽  
Jyothsna Kanumuri ◽  
Rikith Swamy Akunuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background:Worm infections in developing countries were reported high. Phytoconstituents have been a vital role for the treatment of many ailments. The current study was aimed assess for anthelmintic activity of different root extracts of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. belongs to the family Ebanaceae against Pheretima posthuma. Further Insilico study was carried out for phytocompounds present in Dechaschistia. Results: The chloroform, ethylacetate and ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. were considered for the study of anthelmintic property on earthworms at concentrations 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml. During this study, the parameters paralysis time (Pt) and Death Time (Dt) of adult Indian earthworms was observed. As a standard and control Albendazole 10 mg/ml and 2% Tween 80 in distilled water were taken respectively. The study resulted that ethanolic extract was significant when compared with the Albendazole 10 mg/ml. Docking studies revealed the all phytocompounds in Dechaschistia shown binding affinity, however comparatively scopoletin and stigmasterol had shown a good binding affinitiy about -7.7 Kcal/mol and -7.6 Kcal/mol compared to standard drug Albendazole which was shown about -8.7 Kcal/mol. Conclusion: The study revealed that the ethanol extract of Dechaschistia crotonifolia Wight & Arn. at a concentration of 60mg/ml exhibited a stronger anthelmintic property compared to Albendazole 10mg/ml. A dose dependent anthelmintic activity is exerted by all the extracts in an ascending manner Chloroform<Ethyl acetate<Ethanol. These observations were made evidenced by docking studies of phytocompounds in Dechaschistia as the phytocompounds were shown excellent docking score when compared with standard Albendazole.

scholarly journals IN VITRO α-AMYLASE AND Α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF ALBIZIA PROCERA STEM BARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Anand D ◽  
Sathish M ◽  
Dhivya Ls
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Albizia Procera

Objective: This current study was carried out to determine the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extract and fractions of Albizia procera. Methods: The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out at concentrations 50–2000 μg/ml and acarbose used as standard. The absorbance was measured at 540 nm and recorded by spectrophotometer. Percentage inhibition was calculated for both the assays. Preliminary phytochemical screening was also evaluated using standard procedures.Results: There was a dose-dependent percentage inhibition of extracts (petroleum ether and ethanol) and fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the percentage inhibition of 86.20% and 88.20% and 83.13% and 87.10%, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening shows that ethanol extract consists of active constituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds and tannins.Conclusion: This finding suggests that the ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase and show good antidiabetic activity.

Insecticidal and antimicrobial extracts from Leaves and Stem -Bark of Sudanese Albizia anthelmintica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashwa Siddig Ahmed ◽  
Tahani Osman Issa ◽  
Yahya Sulieman Mohamed ◽  
Abdelrafie Mohamed Makhawi ◽  
Tarig Khider
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract The Purpose: of this study is to determine the toxicity of Albizia anthelmintica leaves and stem bark extracted compounds to some insects. Methods: The phytochemical screening and physiochemical analysis for leaves and stem bark had been carried out by using Standard methods, to study the pharmacological activities of these materials.Results: the findings indicated Albizia anthelmintica leaves powder had significant (p> 0.05) against Tribolium castaneum. Organic extracts of Albizia anthelmintica leaves had toxic effect on Culex quinquefasciatus larve and were effective in reducing the fecundity of Tribolium castaneum adults. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of some secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, coumarin, cardia glycosides and saponins. The results indicated high nutrients like crude fibre levels 16.15% and 9.5% are found in leaves and stems-barks respectively; beside protein level 8.95%, Crude fat level 2.6%, Moisture content 2.5%, ash content 6.75% and Nitrogen free extract content 63.05%. Minerals like sodium 350 ppm, phosphous 245 ppm, calcium 215 ppm, potassium 1.65 ppm and magnesium 1.25 ppm were showed in two parts. The ethyl acetate of extract of Albizia anthelmintica leaves intermediate activity against some types of bacteria and fungi. The ethanol extract of leaves presented high activity against fungi Candida Albicans.Conclusion: Albizia anthelmintica leaves powder and ethanolic extract had high efficiency on reducing number of pest and their ability of laying eggs.

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