Awareness Level of Nurses about Carcinoma Breast Risk Factors in Mayo Hospital Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2869-2871
Author(s):  
Nadia Majid ◽  
Usman Ali Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Kaleem Akhter ◽  
Farzana Iqbal ◽  
Humiara Yousaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carcinoma Breast ◽  
Breast Awareness ◽  
Random Probability ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Aim: To assess level of awareness in nurses regarding risk factors related to carcinoma breast at a tertiary care public hospital Lahore Methods: It was a descriptive study. This study took place at Mayo Hospital Lahore. The nurses of different departments especially the oncology department were recruited. A sample of n=300 was recruited through random probability sampling methods. An adopted close ended questionnaire was applied. The data was interpreted and analyzed by SPSS version 25. The data was analyzed in the form of tables and graphs. Results: Of the participants nurses 67% knew that smoking is a risk factor for carcinoma breast. It was also found that 59% agreed that exposure to another person’s cigarettes smoke also can cause breast carcinoma. Results also suggest that 88% agreed that drinking more than one glass of alcohol a day also can cause breast cancer. Moreover results suggest 71% agreed that being overweight (BMI>25) also can cause breast carcinoma. Results also suggest that 54% agreed that being over 70 years old can lead to breast cancer. Conclusion: Overall knowledge related to risk factors of breast carcinoma among nurses was satisfactory. Top rating risk factors were, smoking cigarettes and family history. Moreover, nurses knowledge regarding breast carcinoma symptoms and signs was also good among participants MeSH: Carcinoma Breast, Awareness, Risk Factor

scholarly journals Stages of Carcinoma Breast at Presentation in Rural Bangladeshi Women

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
AS Arif ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Carcinoma Breast ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
First Time

Carcinoma breast is the leading cause death from cancer in women between 20-59 years.. The slow natural history makes it a potentially curable disease if presented early. Unfortunately the rural women in Bangladesh frequently present with late carcinoma breast. The objective of this study is to find out the stages of the disease when presented for the first time to a qualified doctor. The study shows that about 43% of our womenfolk present with late stage when the prognosis in terms of survival rate is not so optimistic. Even when they present with early breast cancer, most of them are at stage II. There is scope to improve the scenario by educating them on screening of breast carcinoma by self examination, mammogeusly, avoidance of risk factors and advantages of FNAC & biopsy from any breat lump. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i1.10106 AKMMCJ 2012; 3(1): 10-12

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Characteristics of Breast Carcinoma in Premenopausal Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Nazia Ishaque ◽  
Muhammad Asad
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Carcinoma Breast ◽  
Breast Feed

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality world-wide. The objective of this study was to see the pattern and characteristics of carcinoma breast in premenopausal women reporting at a tertiary care hospital.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at surgical unit of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad from May 2012 to April 2015. A total of 144 female patients were admitted during this period as diagnosed cases of carcinoma breast. Of these patients, all cases of breast carcinoma diagnosed in premenopausal women were selected and assessed for tumor type, TNM classification and involved breast quadrants.Results: Out of 144 patients 70 (48.6%) cases of carcinoma breast were reported in premenopausal women. The ages ranged from 14 to 48 years with a mean age of 33 ± 7.95 years. According to TNM classification, 2.9% patients were in T1, 25.7% were in T2, 32.9% were in T3 and 38.6% were in T4. Similarly, 37.1% patients presented with a nodal status of N0, 38.1% with N1, 21.4% with N2 and 2.9% with N3. Out of 70 patients, 11 (15.7%) presented with distant metastasis (M1) at the time of diagnosis. The upper outer quadrant of breast (32.9%) was most commonly involved site, followed by upper inner, lower outer and lower inner quadrants, respectively. Most common tumor type was invasive ductal carcinoma (85.7%), followed by invasive lobular carcinoma (7.1%), papillary carcinoma (4.3%), medullary carcinoma (1.4%) and malignant phylloides (1.4%). Regarding exposure to risk factors of breast cancer in these patients, 35.7% women did not breast feed and 27.1% were nulliparous. There was no history of use of oral contraceptive pills in 82.8% and positive family history was reported in 27.1% patients.Conclusions: Late presentation with advanced disease in premenopausal women is more common in our part of the world as compared to international literature. More studies on larger sample sizes should be carried out to validate these findings.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE PREVALANCE AND RISK FACTORS OF LYMPHOEDEMA IN CARCINOMA BREAST

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Vishnu Gopal ◽  
Abhinabha Acharya ◽  
Vasudha Narayanaswamy ◽  
Santanu Pal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Axillary Lymph

Objectives: Lymphedema of the arm is a devastating complication of breast carcinoma treatment. There is a lack of research on the risk factors and methods of preventing upper limb lymphedema after breast carcinoma treatment. The aims of the study are to identify the prevalence and risk factors for upper limb lymphedema in patients attending a tertiary cancer care center in India. Methods: 199 patients who attended the outpatient department of radiotherapy of IPGMER and SSKM, after undergoing surgical treatment for breast cancer between November 2014 to May 2016 were examined for the presence of lymphedema and its risk factors were analyzed. Lymphedema was defined as being present when there is an increase of >5% sum difference in the arm circumferences measured at different levels of both the upper limbs. Results: Of the 199 patients analyzed, 85 (42.7%) patients were found to have lymphedema. The prevalence of lymphedema was 25% in those who underwent surgery alone and 54% in those who underwent chest wall radiotherapy also. Locally advanced stage of the disease, body mass index >25 kg/m2, number of lymph nodes removed during surgery, and adjuvant radiotherapy were found to be significant risk factors for the development of lymphedema. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we recommend weight reduction and more judicious axillary lymph node dissection and use of postoperative radiotherapy as methods to prevent breast cancer-associated lymphedema in the tertiary cancer care centers in India.

scholarly journals Future Burden of Cancer Attributable to Current Modifiable Behaviours: A Pooled Study of Seven Australian Cohorts

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 5s-5s
Author(s):  
M.A. Laaksonen ◽  
M.E. Arriaga ◽  
K. Canfell ◽  
R.J. MacInnis ◽  
P. Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Premenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Burden

Background: The Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) quantifies the fraction of cancer cases attributable to specific exposures. PAF estimates for the future burden of cancer preventable through modifications to current exposure distributions are lacking. Previous PAF studies have also not compared population subgroup differences. Aim: To apply a novel PAF method and i) assess the future burden of cancer in Australia preventable through modifications to current behaviors, and ii) compare the distribution of the preventable cancer burden between population subgroups. Methods: We harmonized and pooled data from seven Australian cohort studies (N=367058) and linked them to national registries to identify cancers and deaths. We estimated the strength of the associations between behaviors and cancer incidence and death using a proportional hazards model, adjusting for age, sex, study and other risk factors. Exposure prevalence was estimated from contemporary national health surveys. We then combined these estimates to calculate PAFs and their 95% confidence intervals for both individual and joint behavior modifications using a novel method accounting for competing risk of death and risk factor interdependence. We also compared PAFs between population subgroups by calculating the 95% confidence interval of the difference in PAF estimates. Results: During the first 10 years of follow-up, there were 22078 deaths and 27483 incident cancers, including 2025 lung, 3471 colorectal, 640 premenopausal and 2632 postmenopausal breast cancers. The leading preventable cause for lung cancer is current smoking (PAF = 53.7%), for colorectal and postmenopausal breast cancer body fatness or BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (PAF = 11.1% and 10.9% respectively), and for premenopausal breast cancer regular alcohol intake (PAF = 12.3%). Three in five lung cancers, but only one in five colorectal and breast cancers, are jointly attributable to potentially modifiable exposures, which also included physical inactivity and inadequate fruit intake for lung, excessive alcohol intake and current smoking for colorectal, regular alcohol intake and current menopausal hormone therapy for 1 year or more for postmenopausal breast and current oral contraceptive use for 5 years or more for premenopausal breast cancer. The cancer burden attributable to modifiable factors is markedly higher in certain population subgroups, including men (lung, colorectal), people with risk factor clustering (lung, colorectal, breast), and individuals with low educational attainment (lung, breast). Conclusion: We provided up-to-date estimates of the future Australian cancer burden attributable to modifiable risk factors, and identified population subgroups that experience the highest preventable burden. Application of the novel PAF method can inform timely public health action to improve health and health equity, by identifying those with the most to gain from programs that support behavior change and early detection.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF DRUG UTILIZATION IN PATIENTS OF CARCINOMA BREAST RECEIVING SYSTEMIC CHEMOTHERAPY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
SUCHI SHAH ◽  
ANIL SINGH ◽  
SHAILESH MUNDHAVA
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Carcinoma Breast ◽  
Study Results

Objective: The objective of the study is to study drug utilization in patients with breast carcinoma receiving systemic chemotherapy in government as well as private set-up. Methods: This was a record-based, retrospective-prospective study, analyzing the prescription pattern of drugs used for systemic chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with carcinoma breast at government teaching hospital (GTH) and private trust hospital (PTH) for 1 year in 600 patients. Patient’s demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected from the files and personal interviews and analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results: Diagnosis of breast carcinoma was highest in age bracket of 40–49 years (32.33% GTH and 32.67% PTH), and the most common presenting symptom was painless lump (76.33% GTH and 83% PTH). In GTH, most frequently prescribed regimen was 4AC → 4T → RT (17.33%). In PTH, most commonly prescribed regimen was 6FEC → RT (19.33%). Highest prescribed drugs were A (32.8%), C (29.12%), and F (20.24%) in GTH and A (32.26%), F (31.68%), and E (16.45%) in PTH. Average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 12.55 and 11.37; percentage of chemotherapeutic agents prescribed by generic name was 100 and 95.02, and from the WHO essential drug list (2015) was 96.43 and 82.77 in GTH and PTH, respectively (A= Cyclophosphamide, C= Doxorubicin, T=Taxanes [Paclitaxel/Docetaxel], F=5-fluorouracil, E=Epirubicin, RT=Radiotherapy, → followed by, the number indicates chemotherapy cycle). Conclusion: The study results can help in generating local data regarding drug use pattern of the systemic chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer patients and promote rational drug use.

scholarly journals Congenital anomalies and associated risk factors in a Saudi population: a cohort study from pregnancy to age 2 years

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e026351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Kurdi ◽  
Muhammad Ali Majeed-Saidan ◽  
Maha S Al Rakaf ◽  
Amal M AlHashem ◽  
Lorenzo D Botto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Renal Malformations

ObjectiveTo assess the three key issues for congenital anomalies (CAs) prevention and care, namely, CA prevalence, risk factor prevalence and survival, in a longitudinal cohort in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.SettingTertiary care centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ParticipantsSaudi women enrolled during pregnancy over 3 years and their 28 646 eligible pregnancy outcomes (births, stillbirths and elective terminations of pregnancy for foetal anomalies). The nested case-control study evaluated the CA risk factor profile of the underlying cohort. All CA cases (1179) and unaffected controls (1262) were followed through age 2 years. Referred mothers because of foetal anomaly and mothers who delivered outside the study centre and their pregnancy outcome were excluded.Primary outcome measuresPrevalence and pattern of major CAs, frequency of CA-related risk factors and survival through age 2 years.ResultsThe birth prevalence of CAs was 412/10 000 births (95% CI 388.6 to 434.9), driven mainly by congenital heart disease (148 per 10 000) (95% CI 134 to 162), renal malformations (113, 95% CI 110 to 125), neural tube defects (19, 95% CI 25.3 to 38.3) and chromosomal anomalies (27, 95% CI 21 to 33). In this study, the burden of potentially modifiable risk factors included high rates of diabetes (7.3%, OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.12), maternal age >40 years (7.0%, OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.35 to 3.3), consanguinity (54.5%, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.81). The mortality for live births with CAs at 2 years of age was 15.8%.ConclusionsThis study documented specific opportunities to improve primary prevention and care. Specifically, folic acid fortification (the neural tube defect prevalence was >3 times that theoretically achievable by optimal fortification), preconception diabetes screening and consanguinity-related counselling could have significant and broad health benefits in this cohort and arguably in the larger Saudi population.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Screening in Oral, Breast, and Cervical Cancer in the Population of the Northeast Region of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Oswal ◽  
Rishav Kanodia ◽  
Akash Pradhan ◽  
Umakant Nadkar ◽  
Mahendra Avhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
North East ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

PURPOSE The burden of cancer is increasing globally, with poor outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality in patients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Lack of awareness of the risk factors, symptoms, and signs of common cancers in addition to inadequate cancer prevention programs at the community level are a major hindrance to the early detection of cancer. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the North East Region (NER) of India, with a sample population of 1,400 participants from Assam (n = 1,000), Meghalaya (n = 200), and Nagaland (n = 200). The questionnaire developed for the study consisted of sociodemographic profile, knowledge about cancer (oral, breast, and cervical), its warning signs, risk factors, and attitude toward cancer screening. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 13.0. RESULTS Among all the participants, 59% had heard about oral cancer, 50% about breast cancer, and 31% about cervical cancer. A limited understanding of risk factors, symptoms, and signs was reported for oral cancer (45%), breast cancer (54%), and cervical cancer (63%). A total of 34% of participants were aware of cancer screening. Among those who were aware of cancer screening, only six people had undergone any form of cancer screening, and 71% cited media as the major source of information. CONCLUSION The level of cancer awareness is low in the NER. A multipronged approach is needed with assistance from government and nongovernment organizations for training, providing adequate human resources and equipment, and developing cancer screening infrastructure. This needs to be coupled with mass media communication and interpersonal communication through frontline health workers.

scholarly journals Duration of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusCarriage, According to Risk Factors for Acquisition

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1206-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Marschall ◽  
Kathrin Mühlemann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factor ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Definition Of

Objective.To examine the duration of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage and its determinants and the influence of eradication regimens.Design.Retrospective cohort study.Setting.A 1,033-bed tertiary care university hospital in Bern, Switzerland, in which the prevalence of methicillin resistance amongS. aureusisolates is less than 5%.Patients.A total of 116 patients with first-time MRSA detection identified at University Hospital Bern between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2003, were followed up for a mean duration of 16.2 months.Results.Sixty-eight patients (58.6%) cleared colonization, with a median time to clearance of 7.4 months. Independent determinants for shorter carriage duration were the absence of any modifiable risk factor (receipt of antibiotics, use of an indwelling device, or presence of a skin lesion) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.20 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.09-0.42]), absence of immunosuppressive therapy (HR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.23-1.02]), and hemodialysis (HR, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.01-0.66]) at the time MRSA was first MRSA detected and the administration of decolonization regimen in the absence of a modifiable risk factor (HR, 2.22 [95% CI, 1.36-3.64]). Failure of decolonization treatment was associated with the presence of risk factors at the time of treatment (P= .01). Intermittent screenings that were negative for MRSA were frequent (26% of patients), occurred early after first detection of MRSA (median, 31.5 days), and were associated with a lower probability of clearing colonization (HR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.17-0.67]) and an increased risk of MRSA infection during follow-up.Conclusions.Risk factors for MRSA acquisition should be carefully assessed in all MRSA carriers and should be included in infection control policies, such as the timing of decolonization treatment, the definition of MRSA clearance, and the decision of when to suspend isolation measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence of germline BRCA mutations in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: global results from the real-world, observational BREAKOUT study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce O’Shaughnessy ◽  
Christine Brezden-Masley ◽  
Marina Cazzaniga ◽  
Tapashi Dalvi ◽  
Graham Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
First Line ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The global observational BREAKOUT study investigated germline BRCA mutation (gBRCAm) prevalence in a population of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods Eligible patients had initiated first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy for HER2-negative MBC within 90 days prior to enrollment. Hormone receptor (HR)-positive patients had experienced disease progression on or after prior endocrine therapy, or endocrine therapy was considered unsuitable. gBRCAm status was determined using baseline blood samples or prior germline test results. For patients with a negative gBRCAm test, archival tissue was tested for somatic BRCAm and homologous recombination repair mutations (HRRm). Details of first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy were also collected. Results Between March 2017 and April 2018, 384 patients from 14 countries were screened and consented to study enrollment; 341 patients were included in the full analysis set (median [range] age at enrollment: 56 [25–89] years; 256 (75.3%) postmenopausal). Overall, 33 patients (9.7%) had a gBRCAm (16 [4.7%] in gBRCA1 only, 12 [3.5%] in gBRCA2 only, and 5 [1.5%] in both gBRCA1 and gBRCA2). gBRCAm prevalence was similar in HR-positive and HR-negative patients. gBRCAm prevalence was 9.0% in European patients and 10.6% in Asian patients and was higher in patients aged ≤ 50 years at initial breast cancer (BC) diagnosis (12.9%) than patients aged > 50 years (5.4%). In patients with any risk factor for having a gBRCAm (family history of BC and/or ovarian cancer, aged ≤ 50 years at initial BC diagnosis, or triple-negative BC), prevalence was 10.4%, versus 5.8% in patients without these risk factors. HRRm prevalence was 14.1% (n = 9/64) in patients with germline BRCA wildtype. Conclusions Patient demographic and disease characteristics supported the association of a gBRCAm with younger age at initial BC diagnosis and family history of BC and/or ovarian cancer. gBRCAm prevalence in this cohort, not selected on the basis of risk factors for gBRCAm, was slightly higher than previous results suggested. gBRCAm prevalence among patients without a traditional risk factor for harboring a gBRCAm (5.8%) supports current guideline recommendations of routine gBRCAm testing in HER2-negative MBC, as these patients may benefit from poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor therapy. Trial registration NCT03078036.

scholarly journals DRUG PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN WEST BENGAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL AND QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Anjan Adhikari ◽  
Dipesh Chakraborty ◽  
Rania Indu ◽  
Sangita Bhattacharya ◽  
Moumita Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

 Objective: Cancer is a disease of uncontrolled division of cells in any part of the body. Breast cancer most common in women accounts for 13% of the death worldwide. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the drug prescription pattern of breast carcinoma patients in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational questionnaire-based study done for a period of 6 months at the Department of Pharmacology in Collaboration with the Department of Surgery and Department of Radiotherapy of a Tertiary Care Hospital at Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Female patients with breast cancer (originated from epithelial tissues) of different types and grade attending surgery outdoor patient department were taken as subjects for the study, after signing informed consent.Results: The present study evaluated 28 patients (n=28) diagnosed as breast cancer by the physicians of the department of surgery and radiotherapy. It was observed that breast cancer was mostly found in the middle age group. Breast carcinoma in postmenopausal women accounted to 75%. The most prevalent breast cancer was invasive ductal carcinoma, accounting to 75% of the study population. 5-Fluorouracil, epirubicin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel/paclitaxel, and carboplatin were mostly used as chemotherapeutic agent.Conclusion: Breast carcinoma being a prevalent type of cancer in females, the present study tried to evaluate the pattern of prescribing chemotherapeutic agents for breast cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital. Such study is essential to evaluate and refine the therapeutic regimen of the cancer patients to reduce their sufferings.

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